1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 60及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 In which city does Mr. Hood work? 2 What is the other advantage of living in the U.S. besides relaxed attitude? 3 The disadvantage Mr. Hood thinks is wasteful of_. 4 The major threat to world peace is the build-up of_. 5 What is Mr. Hoods attitud
3、e towards the possibility of a world war? PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 What is the passage about? 7 How old was Jo
4、hnthan? 8 Why did he always eat his lunch in the same restaurant? 9 What does the word “bachelor“ mean? 10 What did he do on Weekend? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it
5、. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 Who will select the Best Actress winner in Academy Awards? （ A） Learned film producers. （ B） Established directors
6、. （ C） Enthusiastic audiences. （ D） Academy members. 12 Who was George Stanley? （ A） An American sculptor who created the human figure for the award. （ B） A famous actor who won Oscars more than once in the history of Oscars. （ C） The man who first presented Academy Awards. （ D） An American motion-p
7、icture art director who sketched the image of the world. 13 How does the woman know so much about Oscar Awards? （ A） Her friend told her. （ B） She once attended the award ceremony. （ C） She got the knowledge from the course she attended. （ D） She works in a film industry. 14 Which of the following i
8、s covered in BCD International programs? （ A） Interviews with radio producers. （ B） A large variety of pop songs. （ C） News from the music library. （ D） Stories about the good old days. 15 Which program gives us the ideas behind the pop songs? （ A） The History of Pop. （ B） The Road to Music. （ C） Po
9、p Words. （ D） About the Big Hits. 16 For native speakers understanding English pop songs is . （ A） effortless （ B） impossible （ C） difficult （ D） unnecessary 17 Who might be the first speaker? （ A） A student （ B） A counselor （ C） A course director （ D） A Students Union officer 18 Which of the follow
10、ing is NOT mentioned as a problem the counselors can help with? （ A） Strained relationship with boyfriend or girlfriend. （ B） Financial difficulties. （ C） Excessive stress of work. （ D） Death of a close. 19 What can you infer about the counseling service from the talk? （ A） It can make students conf
11、ident in their abilities. （ B） The counseling fee charged for full-time students are lower than those non full-time students. （ C） It is concluded sometimes in cooperation with other members of the staff. （ D） Almost every non freshman student in the college has once sought counselors for help. 20 I
12、n the sentences“.seeing a counselor has a stigma.“stigma here means_. （ A） something to be ashamed of （ B） something one wants to keep secret （ C） hesitation （ D） psychological imbalance 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numb
13、ered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earths resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its 【 21】 _ of more cars, mo
14、re highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has 【 22】 _ to the near-destruction of our cities, and the pollution not only of 【 23】 _ air, but also the earths atmosphere. The disaster has arrived in the 【 24】 _ of the energy crisis. Our present 【 25】 _ is unlike war, revolution or depr
15、ession. Its also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources 【 26】 _ and energy use have brought us to a state 【 27】 _ long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which 【 28】 _ the future of our country, our children, and
16、 our earth, 【 29】 _ a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems. This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss of 【 30】_ . There is a strong demand for moral revival and 【 31】 _ some devotion that is vast enough and yet
17、【 32】 _ enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past 【 33】 _ has been only in a war in 【 34】 _ of their own country that any people have been able to 【 35】 _ themselves wholeheartedly. This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in 【 36】 _ with all t
18、he other inhabitants of this planet, who 【 37】 _ us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a 【 38】 _ need to reassess our present course, and to 【 39】 _ new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless 【 40】 _ . 21 【 21】 （ A） manufacture （ B） increase （
19、C） presence （ D） expansion 22 【 22】 （ A） attributed （ B） contributed （ C） amounted （ D） brought 23 【 23】 （ A） urban （ B） rural （ C） local （ D） downtown 24 【 24】 （ A） form （ B） case （ C） event （ D） course 25 【 25】 （ A） surrounding （ B） environment （ C） circumstance （ D） situation 26 【 26】 （ A） exploi
20、tation （ B） exploration （ C） explosion （ D） exposition 27 【 27】 （ A） which （ B） why （ C） when （ D） where 28 【 28】 （ A） influences （ B） endangers （ C） restrains （ D） transforms 29 【 29】 （ A） but （ B） yet （ C） or （ D） and 30 【 30】 （ A） responsibility （ B） conscience （ C） morality （ D） dedication 31 【
21、31】 （ A） of （ B） as （ C） with （ D） for 32 【 32】 （ A） personal （ B） collective （ C） compulsory （ D） unanimous 33 【 33】 （ A） that （ B） it （ C） this （ D） one 34 【 34】 （ A） discharge （ B） director （ C） defense （ D） dictator 35 【 35】 （ A） engage （ B） donate （ C） sacrifice （ D） devote 36 【 36】 （ A） compar
22、ison （ B） accordance （ C） cooperation （ D） connection 37 【 37】 （ A） regulate （ B） exhaust （ C） dominate （ D） share 38 【 38】 （ A） mutual （ B） common （ C） universal （ D） general 39 【 39】 （ A） devise （ B） alter （ C） initiate （ D） modify 40 【 40】 （ A） challenge （ B） opportunity （ C） attempt （ D） notion
23、Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Two main techniques have been used for training elephants, which we may call respectively the tough and the gentle. The former method simply consi
24、sts of setting an elephant to work and beating him until he does what is expected of him. Apart from any moral considerations this is a stupid method of training, for it produces a resentful animal who at later stage may well turn into a man-killer. The gentle method requires more patience in the ea
25、rly stages, but produces a cheerful, good-tempered elephant who will give many years of loyal service. The first essential in elephant training is it assigns to the animal a single mahout who will be entirely responsible for the job. Elephants like to have one master just as dogs do; and are capable
26、 of a considerable degree of personal auction. There are even stories of half trained elephant calves who have refused to feed and pained to death when by some unavoidable circum stance they have been deprived of their own trainer. Such extreme case must probably be taken with a grain of salt, but t
27、hey do underline the general principle that the relationship between elephant and mahout is the key to successful training. The most economical age to capture an elephant for training is between fifteen and twenty years, for it is then almost ready to undertake heavy work and can begin to earn its k
28、eep straight away. But animals of this age do not easily become subservient to man, and a very firm hand must be employed in the early stages. The captive elephant, still roped to tree, plunges and screams every time a man approaches, and for several days will probably refuse all food through anger
29、and fear. Sometimes a tame elephant is tethered nearby to give the wild one confidence, and in most cases the captive gradually quietens down and begins to accept its food. The next stage is to get the elephant to the training establishment, a ticklish business which is achieved with the aid if two
30、tame elephants roped to the captive on either side. When several elephants are being trained at one time, it is customary for the new arrival to be placed between the stalls of two captives whose training is already well advanced. It is then left completely undisturbed with plenty of food and water
31、so that it can absorb the atmosphere of its new home and see that nothing particular alarming is happening to its companions. When it is eating normally, its own training begins. The trainer stands in front of the elephant holding a long stick with a sharp metal point. Two assistants, mounted on tam
32、ed elephants, control the captive from either side, while others rub their hands over his skin to the accompaniment of a monotonous and soothing chant. This is supposed to induce pleasurable sensations in the elephant, and its effects are reinforced by the use of endearing epithets, such as“ Ho f My
33、 son“, or“ Ho ! My father“, according to the age and sex of the captive. The elephant is not immediately susceptible to such blandishments, however, and usually lashes fiercely with its trunk in all directions. These movements are controlled by the trainer with the metal-pointed stick, and trunk eve
34、ntually becomes so sore that the elephant curls it up and afterwards uses it for offensive purposes. 41 The ill-treatment of an elephant during training_. （ A） can have unpleasant consequences later （ B） is the most effective method available （ C） increases the time it takes to train the animal （ D）
35、 ensures loyal service for years to come 42 An elephant will only be trained successfully if_. （ A） the mahout is a responsible person （ B） elephant calves dont refuse to feed （ C） the mahout and the elephant get on well together （ D） several trainers are assigned to the job 43 The main attraction o
36、f training mature elephants is_. （ A） early financial returns （ B） their willingness to obey their trainers （ C） the avoidance of anxiety in the elephant （ D） that elephants are difficult to keep 44 A mature elephant is only subjected to training when_. （ A） it is with other elephants （ B） the mahou
37、t has established a good relationship with it （ C） the animal is feeding normally （ D） it needs to be controlled with a sharp pointed stick 45 This passage mainly discusses_. （ A） two techniques used for training elephants （ B） the inhumane method used in training elephants （ C） how to train the ele
38、phant （ D） the bad relationship between human beings and elephants 45 Changes in the volume of unemployment are governed by three fundamental forces: the growth of the labor force, the increase in output per man-hour, and the growth of total demand for goods and services. Changes in the average hour
39、s of work enter in exactly parallel fashion but have been quantitatively less significant. As productivity rises, less labor is required per dollar of national product, or more goods and services can be produced with the same number of goods. If output does not grow, employment will certainly fall;
40、if production increases more rapidly than productivity (less any decline in average hours worked)employment must rise. But the labor force grows, too. Unless gross national product( total final expenditure for goods and services corrected for price changes) rises more rapidly than the sum of product
41、ivity increase and labor force growth (again modified for any change in hours of work), the increase in employment will be inadequate to absorb the growth in the labor force. Inevitably the unemployment rate will increase. Only when total production expands faster than the rate of labor force growth
42、 plus the rate of productivity increase and minus the rate at which average annual hours fall does the unemployment rate fall. Increases in productivity were more important than growth of the labor force as sources of the wide gains in output experienced in the period from the end of the war to the
43、mid-sixties. These increases in potential production simply were not matched by increases in demand adequate to maintain steady full employment. Except for the recession years of 1949, 1954, and 1958, the rate of economic growth exceeded the rate of productivity increase. However, in the late 1950s
44、productivity and labor force were increasing more rapidly than usual, while the growth of output was slower than usual. This accounted for the change in employment rates. But if part of the national purpose is to reduce and contain unemployment, arithmetic is not enough. We must know which of the ba
45、sic factors we can control and which we wish to control. Unemployment would have risen more slowly or fallen more rapidly if productivity had in creased more slowly, or the labor force had increased more slowly, or the hours of work had fallen more steeply, or total output had grown more rapidly. Th
46、ese are not independent factors, however, and a change in any of them might have caused change in the other. A society can choose to reduce the growth of productivity, and it can probably find ways to frustrate its own creativity. However, while a reduction in the growth of productivity at the expen
47、se of potential output might result in higher employment in the short run, the long-run effect on the national interest would be disastrous. We must also give consideration to the fact that hidden beneath national averages is continuous movement into, out of, between, and within labor markets. For e
48、xample, 15 years ago, the average number of persons in the labor force was 74 million, with about 70 million employed and 3.9 million unemployed. Yet 14 million experienced some term or unemployment in that year. Some were new entrants to the labor fore; others were laid off temporarily, the remaind
49、er were those who were permanently or indefinitely severed from their jobs. Thus, the average number unemployed during a year understates the actual volume of involunatary displacement that occurs. High unemployment is not an inevitable result of the pace of technological change but the consequence of passive public policy. We can anticipate a moderate increase in the
