1、在职申硕同等学力英语（阅读）模拟试卷 23及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acr
2、oss the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 0 The year 1,400 opened with more peacefulness than usual in England. Only a few months before, Richard II , weak, wicked, and treacherous had been deposed, and Henry IV declared king in his stead. But it was only a seeming peacef ulness,
3、 lasting for but a little while; for though King Henry proved himself a just and a merciful man as justice and mercy went with the men of iron of those days and though he did not care to shed blood needlessly, there were many noble families who had been benefited by King Richard during his reign, an
4、d who had lost somewhat of their power and prestige from the coming in of the new king. Among these were a number of great lords who had been degraded from their former titles and estates, from which degradation King Richard had lifted them. They planned to fall upon King Henry and his followers and
5、 to massacre them during a great tournament which was being held at Oxford. And they might have succeeded had not one of their own members betrayed them. But Henry did not appear at the lists, whereupon, knowing that he had been lodging at Windsor with only a few attendants, the conspirators marched
6、 there against him. In the meantime, the king had been warned of the plot, so that instead of finding him in the royal castle, they discovered through their scouts that he had hurried to London, and that he was marching against them at the head of a considerable army. So nothing was left but fight.
7、One and another, they were all caught and some killed. Those few who found friends faithful and bold enough to afford them shelter dragged those friends down in their own ruin. 1 What does the author seem to think of King Henry? （ A） He was the best king England had ever had. （ B） He was unfair and
8、cowardly. （ C） He was just as evil as King Richard. （ D） He was a better ruler than King Richard. 2 How did King Henry find out about the plot? （ A） His scouts discovered it. （ B） He saw the conspirators coming. （ C） One of the conspirators told him. （ D） He found a copy of the conspirators plan. 3
9、How did the conspirators find out that Henry was in London? （ A） They saw him leave Windsor. （ B） Henrys attendants told them. （ C） They saw him at the tournament. （ D） Their scouts told them. 4 Why did the nobles wish to kill Henry? （ A） Henry had taken away power given to them by Richard. （ B） Hen
10、ry was weak, wicked, and treacherous. （ C） Henry had needlessly killed members of their families. （ D） Henry had killed King Richard. 5 It can be inferred that Richard II s reign was_. （ A） peaceful （ B） corrupt （ C） democratic （ D） illegal 6 Which of the following statements is NOT true according t
11、o the given historical facts? （ A） A number of great lords who had been degraded from their former titles and estates by King Henry planned to fall upon him. （ B） The conspirators failed to succeed since one of their own members betrayed them. （ C） Being warned of the plot, King Henry left the royal
12、 castle and hurried to Oxford. （ D） All of the conspirators were caught and some were killed. 6 A. Create a creative space. B. Keep an open mind. C. Anything is possible. D. Tie into your business goals. E. Dont neglect the detail. Placing an emphasis on creativity within the workforce is one of the
13、 smartest things that you can do in any economic circumstance. Creativity leads to innovation, which in turn leads to increased performance, morale and dynamism. These elements are always essential to a successful business, but they are of even greater value at times of economic uncertainty. Below a
14、re some tips on how to encourage your colleagues to make more creative decisions and inspired judgements. 【 R1】 _ To enable truly creative solutions, you must first ensure that your team has a collectively open mind to the possibilities that lay out there. All too often, teams can get trapped within
15、 current company mentalities, outlooks and culture, and this can impede innovative ideas from surfacing. Try and create a situation whereby existing thinking is placed on hold, by using a few games(word association is a popular choice)to free peoples minds up from their normal thinking patterns at t
16、he beginning of the session. 【 R2】 _ Conventional offices are not natural places to inspire creativity, by virtue of the compartmentalized workspace and formal settings that they can provide. It can therefore be helpful to develop an environment either within the entire office or within a segment of
17、 it that is conducive to free thinking. In this way, you can psychologically remove your colleagues from their existing roles and get them to concentrate on less rigid, more creative solutions to your companys commercial challenges. 【 R3】 _ Creativity is the ability to approach any subject matter wi
18、th fresh perspectives and create revolutionary ideas within it that did not exist before. At the beginning of your session, try to allow as many different voices within the team to be heard and do not dismiss any idea at this stage, no matter how ludicrous it may sound. Group creativity is based on
19、trust and people will need to be encouraged to let their minds roam around the creative challenge if genuine progress is to be made. There will be time to rationalize later, but always start from the basis that anything is indeed possible. 【 R4】 _ Being creative is a great attribute for any employee
20、 or team to possess, although it is fundamental that you direct the creative energies and ideas within the session towards real business goals. There is no point in nurturing creativity within your workplace unless it has the chance to flex its muscle on legitimate business objectives, and the abili
21、ty to put ideas into tangible commercial action is the sign of a dynamic company. 【 R5】 _ As a general rule of thumb, people who tend to be effective on the creative side tend also to be less effective on the details that support the “big idea“. Whilst you are developing the creativity within your t
22、eam, it is also important to build an attention to reality and detail within the procedure. A great idea is nothing if it cannot practically be put into action, and the mechanics of the concept are every bit as important as the overall idea itself. A good mix of individual skills and process should
23、allow the transition from concept to reality to be smooth. The creative process is, by definition, a positive and constructive act, and the establishment of an effective creative process within your company can lead to many benefits, both internally and externally. Creative thinking may well add sig
24、nificantly to your companys bottom line, although it can be just as valuable a process in uniting and focusing a team towards business objectives that they had a part in creating. Mixing up people from different departments can also help the process, and allow your teams to integrate with each other
25、 in a way that may not have been possible before. 7 【 R1】 8 【 R2】 9 【 R3】 10 【 R4】 11 【 R5】 11 Many people believe the glare from snow causes snow blindness. Yet, dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snow blindness, when exposed to several ho
26、urs of “snow light“ . The United States Army has now determined that the glare from snow does not cause snow blindness in troops in a snow-covered country. Rather, a mans eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of a snow-covered area. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back
27、 and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never stop searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscle aches. Nature balances this annoyance by producing more and more liquid which covers the eyeballs. The liquid covers
28、 the eyeballs in increasing quantity until vision blurs. And the result is total, even though temporary, snow blindness. Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted li
29、ne as they cross completely snow-covered landscape. Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark-colored objects ahead on which they too can focus. The men following can then see something. Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop searching thr
30、ough the snow-blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time, the man can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this Way the problem of crossing a solid white area is overcome. 12 The eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache because_. （ A） te
31、ars cover the eyeballs （ B） the eyes are annoyed by blinding sunlight （ C） the eyes are annoyed by blinding snow （ D） there is nothing to focus on 13 When the eyes are sore, tears are produced to_. （ A） clear the vision （ B） remedy snow blindness （ C） ease the annoyance （ D） loosen the muscles 14 Sn
32、ow blindness may be avoided by_. （ A） concentration on the solid white area （ B） providing the eyes with something to focus on （ C） searching for something to look at in snow-covered areas （ D） covering the eyeballs with liquid 15 The first paragraph is mainly concerned with_. （ A） snow glare and sn
33、ow blindness （ B） the whiteness from snow （ C） headaches, watering eyes and snow blindness （ D） the need for dark glasses 16 A suitable title for this passage would be_. （ A） Snow blindness and How to Overcome It （ B） Nature s Cure for Snow blindness （ C） Soldiers in the Snow （ D） Snow Vision 17 Whi
34、ch statement can be inferred from this article? （ A） The snow blindness means inability to see anything because of the snow. （ B） Sloving the problem of snow blindness is important in army. （ C） American army accentuates the problem of snow blindness very much. （ D） Snow blindness can be cured easil
35、y. 17 There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps know
36、 too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. And these “generalists“ are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the
37、 work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other peoples work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained“ man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist and es
38、pecially the administrator deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated“ man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a
39、 good specialist in a particular field. Any organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this i
40、s a pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for bein
41、g an employee. 18 There is an increasing demand for （ A） all-round people in their own fields （ B） people whose job is to organize other people s work （ C） generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional （ D） specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative g
42、uidance to others 19 The specialist is_. （ A） a man whose job is to train other people （ B） a man who has been trained in more than one field （ C） a man who can see the forest rather than the trees （ D） a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters 20 The administrator is_. （
43、A） a “trained“ man who is more a specialist than a generalist （ B） a man who sees the trees as well as the forest （ C） a man who is very strong in the humanities （ D） a man who is an “educated“ specialist 21 During your training period it is important _. （ A） to try to be a generalist （ B） to choose
44、 a profitable job （ C） to find an organization which fits you （ D） to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist 22 A mans first job_. （ A） is never the right job for him （ B） should not be regarded as his final job （ C） should not be changed or people will become suspicious of hi
45、s ability to hold any job （ D） is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job 23 The best title for this article is_. （ A） Generalist and specialist （ B） Specialization and administration （ C） Differences between generalist and specialist （ D） Forest and tree: generalist and specialist
46、 在职申硕同等学力英语（阅读）模拟试卷 23答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acr
47、oss the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题可参照第 1段。从中可知，对亨利的评价是 “公正、富有同情心 ”等，可以推知他的统治相对于理查德来说更好一些。因此 D项为正确答案 。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题的依据句是第 2段最后一句 “And they might have succeeded had not oneof their own members betrayed them”。据此可知， C项为正确答案。 【知识
48、模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题的依据句是文中第 3段的 “they discovered through their scouts that hehad hurried to London”。从中可知 D正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题的依据句是第 1段的 “there were many noble families who had been benefited by King Richard during his reign， and who had lost somewhat of their power andprestige
49、 from the coming in of the new king”。从中可知， A项为正确答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 从文中可知，贵族在理查德时代享有特权与权力，可推知当时是非常腐败的。 A， C两项明显不对， D项文中未提到，只有 B项符合文义。 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 事实判断题。最后一段第 2句话提到亨利得知刺杀计划后，迅即离开皇家城堡去往伦敦，而不是牛津，故 C项为正确答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 该段第一句就说，为了找到真正有创造性的方法 ，你首先必须确保你的团队对任何可能性都持一种开放的心态 (a collectively open mind to the possibilities that layout there)。团队经常为公司现有的心态、视野和文化所局限，这会抑制创新观点的产生。可以通过一些游戏使人们在讨论之初就把思想从常规的思维模式中解放出来，所以选 B(保持开放心态 )。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解
