1、在职申硕同等学力英语（阅读）模拟试卷 39及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acr
2、oss the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 0 With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporations news coverage, as well as listen to it. And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC televis
3、ion channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio stations. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, childrens programs and films for an annual licence fee of 83 pounds per household. It is a remarkabl
4、e record, stretching back over 70 years yet the BBCs future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. The debate was launch
5、ed by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC including ordinary listeners and viewers to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBCs royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must
6、 decide whether to keep the organization as it is, or to make changes. Defenders of the Corporation of whom there are many are fond of quoting the American slogan “If it aint broke, dont fix it. “ The BBC “aint broke“, they say, by which they mean it is not broken(as distinct from the word “broke“,
7、meaning having no money), so why bother to change it? Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The commercial TV channels TV and Channel 4 were required by the Thatcher Governments Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for
8、 advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channelsfunded partly by advertising and partly by viewers subscriptions which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term. 1 The world famous BBC now faces_. （ A） the problem of new coverage （ B） an uncertain
9、 prospect （ C） inquiries by the general public （ D） shrinkage of audience 2 In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is not mentioned as the key issue? （ A） Extension of its TV service to Far East. （ B） Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate. （ C） Potentials for further intern
10、ational co-operations. （ D） Its existence as a broadcasting organization. 3 The BBCs “royal charter“(Line 4, Paragraph 4)stands for_. （ A） the financial support from the royal family （ B） the privileges granted by the Queen （ C） a contract with the Queen （ D） a unique relationship with the royal fam
11、ily 4 The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is no other than_. （ A） the emergence of commercial TV channels （ B） the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government （ C） the urgent necessity to reduce costs and jobs （ D） the challenge of new satellite channels 5 The best title for
12、 this article is_. （ A） End of Royal Privilege of BBC （ B） BBC Having to Change （ C） Dispute about Future of BBC （ D） Prospect of BBC 6 Who will eventually decide whether to change BBC or not? （ A） The government. （ B） BBC itself. （ C） The Queen. （ D） Royal charter. 6 Excerpt 1 Teaching is unquestio
13、nably one of the most important commitments one can make for the future economic prosperity of a society. Sadly, it is a profession that has largely underpaid its workers while increasing the complexity of the responsibilities its workers face. The recent budget revision proposal by Governor Gray Da
14、vis of California seeks to recognize the important contribution of teachers to the California economy by permanently excluding teachers from paying state personal income taxes. On the surface it is indeed a good gesture, but it is bad public policy. Excerpt 2 And while the Government has made quite
15、a success of convincing the public that bad education is almost exclusively linked to bad teachers represented by destructive unions, it also seems appalling that in a survey last year, working hours for primary teachers averaged 53 hours per week, while secondary teachers clocked up 51 hours. At th
16、eir spring conferences, the four major teaching unions intend to ballot their members on demanding from government an independent inquiry into working conditions. This follows the Mc-Crone report in Scotland, which produced an agreement to limit hours to 35 per week, with a maximum class contact-tim
17、e of 22 and a half hours. That sounds most attractive. Excerpt 3 Ever since this governments term began, the attitude to teachers has been overshadowed by the mantra that good teachers cannot be rewarded if it means bad teachers are rewarded, too. That s why, despite the obvious need for them, big p
18、ay rises have not been awarded to teachers across the board. The latest pay rise was 3. 6 per cent mad in the present situation. Thats why, as well, the long battle over performance-related pay was fought as teacher numbers slid. Excerpt 4 Chicago Public Schools are going to great lengths to hire te
19、achers now the school district recruits teachers from other countries to help solve a shortage of teachers. It all started in 1999, when Rouses Hannon, a math and physics teacher from Palestine(巴勒斯坦 ), visited Chicago. He read about the teacher shortage at Chicago Public Schools and asked the school
20、 board if theyd hire him. The board was interested and decided to create a special program for foreign-born teachers like Hannon, and he was the first teacher hired. Excerpt 5 Through the GEO, Chicago Public Schools have hired dozens of teachers from 22 different countries. Applicants must pass an E
21、nglish language test and specialize in math, science, world language or bilingual(双语的 )education. Excerpt 6 In order to attract teachers it makes sense to raise their salaries. Public school teachers in the United States make an average of $ 39,300 according to the American Federation of teachers, w
22、ith a starting salary of $25,700. Comparing the starting salary of a teacher with that of a service occupation in the private sector such as a computer programmer, at present in much demand in California, where the starting salary is $ 40,800, the wage differential is stark. As a result, for many yo
23、ung adults looking for jobs after graduation with a Bachelors degree going into the private sector is a more economically rewarding option. 7 Excerpt 1 is intended to tell the readers that_. （ A） the state exemption to teachers from income taxes is ill-advised （ B） teachers are indispensable to the
24、development of economy （ C） the recent budget revision was proposed by the state Governor （ D） the exclusion of teachers from paying income taxes is sensible 8 One important reason why teachers are leaving their profession is that they are_. （ A） only too irresponsible to abandon pupils permanently
25、（ B） stuck in the conflict between government and unions （ C） much dissatisfied with their prolonged working hours （ D） found the governments rewards rather unattractive 9 The third sentence of Excerpt 3 implies that a 3% pay rise_. （ A） is too small to be attractive to teachers （ B） is too big even
26、 for good teachers （ C） is close-knit to teachers performance （ D） is in itself anything but a reward 10 Chicago Public Schools began to employ foreign teachers because_. （ A） there were not enough American teachers （ B） a program for foreign teachers was started （ C） the school board was interested
27、 in foreign teachers （ D） foreign teachers taught better than American teachers 11 Chicago Public Schools do not seem to lack teachers of_. （ A） English （ B） math （ C） science （ D） world language 11 Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English la
28、nguage with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing, The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s
29、counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English. Blaming the permissive in 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorters speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom“, for exa
30、mple, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English. But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing“, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put
31、 pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spo
32、ntaneity over craft. Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, Why We Should, Like, Care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of
33、human language, including nonstandard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper. Russians have a deep love
34、for their own language and carry chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical educational reform
35、s he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china“. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one. 12 According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English_. （ A） is inevitable in radical education reforms （ B）
36、 is but all too natural in language development （ C） has caused the controversy over the counter-culture （ D） brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s 13 The word “talking“(Line 6, Paragraph 3)denotes_. （ A） modesty （ B） personality （ C） liveliness （ D） informality 14 To which of the f
37、ollowing statements would McWhorter most likely agree? （ A） Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk. （ B） Black English can be more expressive than standard English. （ C） Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining. （ D） Of all the varieties, standard Eng
38、lish can best convey complex ideas. 15 The description of Russians love of memorizing poetry shows the authors_. （ A） interest in their language （ B） appreciation of their efforts （ C） admiration for their memory （ D） contempt for their old-fashionedness 16 According to the last paragraph, “paper pl
39、ates“ is to “china“ as_. （ A） temporary is to “permanent“ （ B） radical is to “conservative“ （ C） functional is to “artistic“ （ D） humble is to “noble“ 17 According to the text, what happened in 1960s? （ A） The formal English declined. （ B） The counter-culture won. （ C） Spoken English was used in the
40、 most well regarded writing. （ D） Talking triumphed over speaking. 17 A. Be detached from the stress of your company, B. Maintain good relationships with others. C. Dont feel guilty for problems that are not of your own making. D. Spend 10% of your time doing something productive for yourself. E. Ta
41、ke pride in your work. There is no shortage of internet articles proclaiming the end of the 9 to 5 working week. But, the reality for many of us is that our job is hard work, repetitive and often not particularly interesting. If you have to trudge into the office 9-5, 5 days a week, these are some s
42、uggestions to make work less of a burden and more enjoyable. 【 R1】 _ The problem with an office environment is that you have no choice of the people you work with. If your relationships with these people sour, it can make work a real pain. Therefore, work hard to maintain reasonable relationships wi
43、th your work colleagues. Dont harshly criticize others, even if they deserve it; dont take criticism too personally; avoid arguments with loud and obnoxious people. If you find it difficult to get along with someone, force yourself to remember some positive quality that person has you may be surpris
44、ed at how much the situation is improved. 【 R2】 _ Even if you dont particularly love your company, it is still advisable to try and do your job conscientiously. If you try to do your job well, you will gain a lasting satisfaction and it will help give a purpose to working. If you feel there is no po
45、int to your work, you will have a permanent feeling of dissatisfaction, and it will be impossible to enjoy your time at work. If you dislike the ethos of your company, you can still do a good job; just feel you are doing it for your benefit and not the companys. For example, a good attitude will def
46、initely help get a good recommendation when you are looking for a new job. 【 R3】 _ Many companies have ambitious sales targets and profit margins. A corporate philosophy such as this can easily create a pressured work environment for their employees. However, you should feel that it is not your resp
47、onsibility to take on this stress. Why should you needlessly suffer just so that the company can pay a higher dividend to its shareholders? Do a good job, but dont feel obliged to sacrifice your own equanimity for the excessive demands of your company. Take your lunch break away from work. Every now
48、 and then it is good to get away from the pressured environment of work. A change of scenery helps to put the workplace into perspective. If you spend all your time at work, it can start to feel claustrophobic. If you can spend time in a good cafe or garden it can help to recharge the batteries. It
49、is also helpful to be on your own or meet friends from outside work. 【 R4】 _ One of the most difficult aspects of work is dealing with customer complaints. These complaints are often not your fault, but, it is you who have to suffer. It is important to remember, it is not your fault that your company is understaffed or trying to cut corners. In these situations we should never feel guilty, but, calmly and politely direct customers to the right channels for complain
