1、在职申硕同等学力英语（阅读）模拟试卷 55及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acr
2、oss the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 0 No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess(公爵夫人 )of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue. The problem with such a view is that some peopl
3、e actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the betteror worsepart of my life. Being rich wouldnt be bad either, but that wont happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving
4、 me millions of dollars. Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianitys seven deadly sins. However, until
5、quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being. Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that bei
6、ng fator even only somewhat overweightis bad because it implies a lack of moral strength. Our obsession(迷恋 )with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an i
7、ncreased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problemtoo much fat and a lack of fiberthan a weight
8、problem. The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so mu
9、ch attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get(or already are)thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vain glory(虚荣 ). 1 In the eyes of the author, an odd pheno
10、menon nowadays is that_. （ A） religious people are not necessarily virtuous （ B） looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune （ C） being thin is viewed as a much desired quality （ D） the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue 2 Swept by the prevailing trend, the author_. （ A） had
11、to wear highly fashionable clothes （ B） had to seek help from rich distant relatives （ C） had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life （ D） could still prevent herself from going off the track 3 In human history, peoples views on body weight_. （ A） changed from time to time （ B） led to diffe
12、rent moral standards （ C） varied between the poor and the rich （ D） were closely related to their religious beliefs 4 The author criticizes womens obsession with thinness_. （ A） from a historical and religious standpoint （ B） from sociological and medical points of view （ C） from an economic and edu
13、cational perspective （ D） in the light of moral principles 5 Whats the authors advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness? （ A） They should gain weight to look healthy. （ B） They should be more watchful for fatal diseases. （ C） They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle
14、. （ D） They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes. 6 What is the authors main opinion on keeping fit? （ A） Being fat implies a lack of moral strength. （ B） Being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. （ C） People should pay attention to th
15、eir overall life-style to keep both fit and healthy. （ D） Our obsession with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. 6 Even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straight
16、up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(杀虫剂 )sp
17、raying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest(害虫 )problems. Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scan
18、ner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 40 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would. The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only thr
19、ee years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can b
20、e used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,“ says George Oerther of Texas A mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture
21、, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the worlds peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life. Onl
22、y about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that? Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so wil
23、l require an emphasis on bilingualism(mastery of two languages). Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheresat home, among friends, in community settingsand a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small languages cou
24、ld sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing forces of globalization. Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that compute
25、r software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer-aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages. For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is
26、extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient(有活力的 ), however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaimi
27、ng their unique identities through language. 13 Minority languages can be best preserved in_. （ A） an increasingly interconnected world （ B） maintaining small numbers of speakers （ C） relatively isolated language communities （ D） following the tradition of the 20th century 14 According to Paragraph
28、2 that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is_. （ A） uncertain （ B） unrealistic （ C） foreseeable （ D） definite 15 According to the author, bilingualism can help_. （ A） small languages become acceptable in work places （ B） homogenize the worlds languages and cultures （ C） gl
29、obal languages reach home and community settings （ D） speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identity 16 Computer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_. （ A） makes learning a global language unnecessary （ B） facilitates the learning and using of those languages
30、 （ C） raises public awareness of saving those languages （ D） makes it easier for linguists to study those languages 17 In the authors view, many endangered languages are_. （ A） remarkable well-kept in this modern world （ B） exceptionally powerful tools of communication （ C） quite possible to be revi
31、ved instead of dying out （ D） a unique way of bringing different groups together 18 Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage? （ A） The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation. （ B） W
32、hether most minority languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. （ C） In all respects technological innovations do not help minority languages to survive in the modern world. （ D） Language is not just a tool for
33、communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. 18 A. You can schedule an automatic payment. B. Trying to get out of the late fee sometimes. C. Youd better plan to pay ahead. D. Change your payment due date in order to avoid late fee. E. You
34、 could also set for yourself a reminder to pay in time. If youre even a minute late with a payment, your credit card company can hit you hard in the walletas much as $39 each time, according to a July 2008 survey. However, some simple steps can help keep your exposure to these extra costs to a minim
35、um. 【 R1】 _ A few card issuers, including Chase and HSBC, charge extra fees for online payments that you need to post the same day, so even if you pay electronically, do it three to four days ahead so your credit card company will process the payment by the due date. If youre snail-mailing checks, a
36、llow even more timeabout 10 daysto allow for mail snafus. And unless youre desperate, forget about phone paymentsa number of banks charge a fee for them, no matter when you call. 【 R2】 _ A few card issuers allow you to choose a due date to coincide with your payday schedule, so a cash shortfall wont
37、 make you late. You can even choose a due date thats easier to remember. Your birthdays on Feb. 17? Make your credit card payment due on the 17th of each month. 【 R3】 _ Some banks offer an autopay program that links your credit card to a checking or saving account; you decide whether to automaticall
38、y pay the new balance, the current minimum payment or a fixed dollar amount. If you bank online, you can also arrange a do-it-yourself autopay. Just estimate your usual monthly minimum, schedule a monthly payment date and have the amount deducted from your account automatically. Just make sure you h
39、ave enough in checking to cover it or the overdraft fees will eat up your saving on late fees. 【 R4】 _ Some credit card companies, including Chase, will alert you of upcoming due dates by e-mail or voice mail. You can also schedule a monthly e-mail reminder through a web site, such as MemoToMe. com
40、or RememberthMilk. com, 【 R5】 _ Even conscientious consumers will probably get hit with a late fee at some point. However, if you have a good record of on-time payments, call and politely ask a customer service representative to waive the charge. No dice? Ask to talk to a supervisor, or try again on
41、 a different day. You might even threaten to close your accounts with the companya tactic that worked for Jeff Roth of Molalla, Ore, after his wifes Chase credit card was hit with a $ 39 late fee when the Fourth of July delayed processing of a payment. “My advice to those who feel they have unjustly
42、 been assessed late fees is to be assertive about getting the charges removed. “ Says Roth, who posted about his plight at GetRichSlowly.org. “It wont always work, but most credit card companies will least give you one freebie. “ Next time, though, you may be on your own. 19 【 R1】 20 【 R2】 21 【 R3】 22 【 R4】 23 【 R5】 在职申硕同等学力英语（阅读）模拟试卷 55答案与解析
