1、在职申硕（同等学力）英语模拟试卷 37 及答案与解析 Section A Directions: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A,B and C,taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SH
2、EET. 0 A. That should be enough. B. Would you like some salad or soup? C. I d like a cold slaw. A: May I have a double cheeseburger, please? B: Sure. For here or to go? A: For here. By the way, what side orders do you have? B: We have cold slaw, French fries, fried chicken strips, and biscuits. A: (
3、1)_. B: Anything to drink? You can refill soft drinks for free. A: Okay. One coke, please. B: What size? Large, medium or small? A: Large, please. B: (2)_.The soup of today is on sale now. A: No, thanks. (3)_. B: Sure. You had a double cheeseburger without tomato slices, a large diet coke, and a col
4、d slaw, that comes to US $15. 3 A. Thanks for letting me know. B. but could you tell me where the rest rooms are? C. but the women s room is out of a few things. A: Excuse me, (4)_. B: Yes, they re just down the hall. A: Which one is the women s? B: The women s room is the first door on the right an
5、d the mens is the first door on the left. A: OK, thanks. A: Sorry to bother you again, (5)_. B: Oh? A: The toilets are overflowing and the sink has a leaky faucet. B: Oh, dear. I 11 go and have someone fix it straight away. (6)_. A: Thats OK. B: Do you need anything else? A: No, thats all. Section B
6、 Directions: In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A,B,C and D,taken from the interview.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. 6 A. I believe it will certainly benefit b
7、oth of us. B. you should make readjustment, replacement or withdrawal of the goods in question. C. As our consignee, you 11 certainly make beautiful profits. D. your products will be well received in our market A: Mr. Zhang, hows the business going in Shanghai? B: Generally speaking, business is goi
8、ng well. We have studied your catalogues and price lists and found that (7)_, so we ve got more confidence to be your consignee in Shanghai. A: Our cosmetics, toiletries and other products are very popular in other parts of China. More and more Chinese women are fond of our products. You know, some
9、of them are particularly produced for oriental women. (8)_.Well, Mr. Zhang, shall we move to the next point, the terms of consignment? B: Okay. Let s start with the “period of time“ , shall we? A: Good. Usually, the similar contracts signed with other consignees are based on 12 months. Why not follo
10、w the suit? I suggest the sales commence on or about May 1st , 2008 and continue through April 30th , 2009. Now, we re in February. There re still more than two months before May 1st .We ve got enough time to make all necessary preparations. B: I suggest that after starting the operation we two side
11、s meet around July 15 to decide on acceptable sales for the remainder of the consignment period. (9)_ A: Good idea, Mr. Zhang! You d guarantee that our products will, by then, be displayed and sold in all big hotels, large malls in Shanghai. B: So long as your products arrive here before April 15th,
12、 2007, we 11 be able to manage all the sales to your entire satisfaction. A: During the consignment period, if you wish to increase the quantity of salable items, we shall cooperate on this matter through best efforts. B: For those articles which can not be sold, (10)_. A: Of course. B: That sounds
13、good. A: The goods will be delivered from Beijing where we ve rented a warehouse, say, by trucks; its more convenient than by train. B: The insurance, no matter what it is, should be covered by your party. A: Of course, Mr. Zhang. It s a common practice, isn t it? 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions
14、: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1
15、0 If income is transferred from rich persons to poor persons, the proportion in which different sorts of goods and services are provided will be changed. Expensive luxuries will give place to more necessary articles, rare wines to meat and bread, new machines and factories to clothes and improved sm
16、all dwellings; and there will be other changes of a like sort. In view of this fact, it is inexact to speak of a change in the distribution of the dividend in favor of, or adverse to, the poor. There is not a single definitely constituted heap of things coming into being each year and distributed no
17、w in one way, now in another. In fact, there is no such thing as the dividend from the point of view of both of two years, and therefore, there can be no such thing as a change in its distribution. This, however, is a point of words rather than of substance. What I mean when I say that the distribut
18、ion of the dividend has changed in favor of the poor is that, the general productive power of the community being given, poor people are getting more of the things they want at the expense of rich people getting less of the things they want. It might be thought at first sight that the only way in wh
19、ich this could happen would be through a transference of purchasing power from the rich to the poor. That, however, is not so. It is possible for the poor to be advantaged and the rich damaged , even though the quantity of purchasing power, i.e. of command over productive resources, held by both gro
20、ups remains unaltered. This might happen if the technical methods of producing something predominatingly consumed by the poor were improved and at the same time those of producing something predominatingly consumed by the rich were worsened, and if the net result was to leave the size of the nationa
21、l dividend as defined in Chapter V. unchanged. It might also happen if, by a system of rationing or some other device, the rich were forced to transfer their demand away from things which are important to the poor and which are produced under such conditions that diminished demand leads to lowered p
22、rices. Per contraand this point will be seen in Part IV. To be very important practicallythe share, both proportionate and absolute of command over the country s productive resources held by the poor may be increased, and yet, if the process by which they acquire this greater share involves an incre
23、ase in the cost of things that play a large part in their own consumption, they may not really gain. Thus a change in distribution favorable to the poor may be brought about otherwise than by a transference of purchasing power, or command over productive resources, to them, and it does not mean a tr
24、ansference of these things to them. None the less, this sort of transference is the most important, and may be regarded as the typical, means by which changes in distribution favorable to the poor come about. 11 The method in which the writer believes is most effective for the poor benefiting from t
25、he rich is_. （ A） amassing all products from the last two years and reallocating them （ B） ensuring the majority of products available are more useful to the poor （ C） offering low priced stock that the poor could afford （ D） by limiting the buying of the rich 12 Why does the author use the term “th
26、e dividend“ even though he has acknowledged that in fact it does not exist? （ A） He is attempting to describe a transmittal circumstance. （ B） He is articulating a metaphysical theory. （ C） He is clarifying a situation. （ D） He is devising an econometric formula. 13 Does the author believe that tran
27、sference of purchasing power is effective in benefiting the poor? （ A） No, he believes evenly distributing all resources is best. （ B） No, he believes rationing of the rich is eminent. （ C） Yes, he believes it is possible to limit the rich and make products for the poor more accessible. （ D） Yes, di
28、stribution is influenced by transference and as a result the poor prosper. 13 Reforming the Social Security retirement program is an issue of enormous practical importance. Yet it remains the missing piece in American policy analysis. At a time when the Congress and the Administration are considerin
29、g ways to reform welfare, Medicare, Medicaid, and the income tax, elected officials are still unwilling to confront the serious problems of our Social Security system. Eventually, however, its deteriorating financial condition will force major reforms. Whether those reforms are good or bad, whether
30、they deal with the basic economic problems of the system or merely protect the solvency of existing institutional arrangements will depend in part on whether we, as economists, provide the appropriate intellectual framework for analyzing reform alternatives. Major policy changes that affect the publ
31、ic at large can only happen in our democracy, when there is widespread public support for the new direction of policy. In the field of economics, the views of the media, of other private-sector opinion leaders, and of politicians and their advisers, depend very much on their perception of what econo
32、mists believe feasible and correct. Fundamental policy reforms in a complex area like social security also require the development of technical expertise, both in and out of government, about the options for change and their likely consequences. Fortunately, an expanding group of economists is now t
33、hinking and writing about social security reform. My remarks today greatly benefit from what they have written and from my conversations with many of them. I began to do my research on the effects of Social Security reform nearly 25 years ago ( Feld-stein, 1974, 1975 ) . A central concept in my anal
34、ysis of Social Security has been the notion of “Social Security wealth which I defined as the present actuarial value of the Social Security benefits to which the current adult population will be entitled at age 65 (or are already entitled to if they are older than 65) minus the present actuarial va
35、lue of the Social Security taxes that they will pay before reaching that age. Social Security wealth has now grown to about $ 11 trillion or more than 1. 5 times GDP. Since this is equivalent to more than $ 50, 000 for every adult in the country , the value of Social Security wealth substantially ex
36、ceeds all other assets for the vast majority of American households. In the aggregate, Social Security wealth exceeds three-fourth of all private financial wealth, as conventionally measured. Social Security wealth is of course not real wealth but only a claim on current and future taxpayers. Instea
37、d of labeling this key magnitude “Social Security wealth“, I could have called it the nations “Social Security liability“. Like ordinary government debt, Social Security wealth has the power to crowd out private capital accumulation, and Social Security wealth will continue to grow as long as our cu
38、rrent system remains unchanged, displacing an ever larger stock of capital. The $ 11 trillion Social Security liability is three times as large as the official national debt. Although I certainly welcome the current political efforts to shrink future budget deficits, it is worth noting that, even if
39、 the traditional deficit is eliminated in the year 2002, so that the national debt is then no longer increasing, the national debt in the form of the Social Security liability is likely to increase that year by about $ 300 billion. Looking further into the future, the aggregate Social Security liabi
40、lity will grow as the population expands, as it becomes relatively older, and as income rises. Government actuaries predict that, under existing law, the tax rate required to pay each year s Social Security benefit will rise over the next 50 years from the present level of slightly less than 12 perc
41、ent to more than 18 percent, and perhaps to as much as 23 percent. 14 The deterioration financial condition referred to was caused by_. （ A） a poor economic approach to the Social Security retirement program （ B） the reform of welfare in the Social Security retirement program （ C） major policy chang
42、es in the Social Security retirement program （ D） government debt in the Social Security retirement program 15 In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “alternatives“ refers to_. （ A） courses （ B） thoughts （ C） people （ D） occasions 16 According to the author, major policy changes can o
43、nly happen in_. （ A） social security wealth in the United States （ B） democratic countries （ C） a country where and when opinion upholds change （ D） all of the above 17 In paragraph three, the name and the dates between parentheses_. （ A） are a question of personal style （ B） represent vital new inf
44、ormation （ C） identify the author （ D） refer to a different author 18 The definition of Social Security wealth_. （ A） applies to the benefits payable before age 65 （ B） does not apply to benefits after age 65 （ C） includes the present actuarial value paid before age 65 （ D） was formulated two and a
45、half decade ago 18 Sofia Coppolas “Lost in Translation“ is a funny, bittersweet movie that uses cultural dislocation as a metaphor for people who have gotten lost in their own lives. The movie contains priceless slapstick from Bill Murray, finely tuned performances by Murray and the beautiful Scarle
46、tt Johansson and a visual and aural design that cultivates a romantic though melancholy mood. In only her second feature, Coppola has made a poised, intelligent film that nicely balances laughs with a poignancy rarely seen in American movies. If Focus Features markets “Lost in Translation“ carefully
47、 , this most original comedy could win audiences well beyond art houses. Bob Harris (Murray) is a grumpy movie star in town to shoot a whiskey commercial. He is not only plagued by jet lag and gloom over a deteriorating marriage of many years, he is also in the midst of a midlife crisis that dampens
48、 his spirits but not his wit. Charlotte (Johansson) , the neglected wife of a photographer, experiences a similar air-conditioned nightmare. Married two years, she already feels lost in the relationship, unable to participate in her husband s career or pinpoint what she wants out of life. When she v
49、entures into the city, she is confronted by a distorted version of western modernity. These two people discover each other late at night at the bar. Neither one can sleep. A friendship evolves in their mutual isolation. Coppola sees in Tokyo s crowded, neon-lit urban landscape a society estranged from its own culture. The night is filled with pleasure-seekers obsessed by games, toys and American pop culture. Only when Charlotte takes a train to Kyoto is she able to experience the old Japan of anc
