1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 238及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Is It Farewell to the Printed Book? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: - 电 子图书悄然问世，带来了巨大的市场潜力，并对出版业造成一定的冲击 - 电子图书的优势和弊端 - 电子
2、图书与纸质书刊的前景 Is It Farewell to the Printed Book? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the stateme
3、nt agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Will the World Remember Disney or Plato? Significant Worldwide Influence of American Culture LONDON-
4、Down in the mall, between the fast-food joint and the bagel shop, a group of young people huddles in a flurry of baggy combat pants, skateboards, and slang. They size up a woman teetering past wearing DKNY, carrying Time magazine in one hand and a latte in the other. She brushes past a guy in a Yank
5、ees baseball cap who is talking on his Motorola cellphone about the Martin Scorsese film he saw last night. Its a standard American scene-only this isnt America, its Britain. U.S. culture is so pervasive that the scene could be played out in any one of dozens of cities. As a global superpower, Ameri
6、ca exports its culture on an unprecedented scale. From music to media, film to fast food, language to literature and sport, the American idea is spreading inexorably (不可阻挡地 ), not unlike the influence of empires that preceded it. The difference is that todays technology flings culture to every corne
7、r of the globe with blinding speed. If it took two millenniums for Platos “Republic“ to reach North America, the latest hit from Justin Timberlake can be found in Greek (and Japanese) stores within days. Sometimes, U.S. ideals get transmitted-such as individual rights, freedom of speech, and respect
8、 for women-and local cultures are enriched. At other times, materialism or worse becomes the message and local traditions get crushed. “The U.S. has become the most powerful, significant world force in terms of cultural imperialism and expansion,“ says Ian Ralston, American studies director at Liver
9、pool John Moores University. “The areas that particularly spring to mind are Hollywood, popular music, and even literature.“ But what some call “McDomination“ has created a backlash (强烈反应 ) in certain cultures. And its not clear whether fast food, Disney, or rock n roll will change the world the way
10、 Homer or Shakespeare has. Hollywood rules the global movie market, with up to 90 percent of audiences in some European countries. Even in Africa, two of three films shown are American. Few countries have yet to be touched by McDonalds and Coca-Cola. Starbucks recently opened up a new front in South
11、 America, and everyones got a Hard Rock Calf T-shirt from somewhere exotic. West Indian sports enthusiasts increasingly watch basketball, not cricket. Baseball has long since taken root in Asia and Cuba. And Chinese young people are becoming more captivated by American football and basketball, some
12、even printing the names of NBA stars on their school sweatsuits. American English is the language of choice for would-be pop stars in Europe, software programmers in India, and Internet surfers everywhere. Americas preeminence is hardly surprising. Superpowers have throughout the ages sought to perp
13、etuate their way of life: from the philosophy and mythology of the ancient Greeks to the law and language of the Romans; from the art and architecture of the Tang Dynasty and Renaissance. Italy to the sports and systems of government of the British. “Most empires think their own point of view is the
14、 only correct point of view,“ says Robert Young, an expert in postcolonial cultural theory at Oxford University. “Its the certainty they get because of the power they have, and they expect to impose it on everyone else.“ Threats of American Cultural Domination Detractors of cultural imperialism argu
15、e, however, that cultural domination poses a totalitarian threat to diversity. In the American case, “McDomination“ poses several dangers. First, local industries are truly at risk of extinction because of U.S. oligopolies(寡头卖主垄断 ), such as Hollywood. For instance in 2000, the European Union handed
16、out one billion euros to subsidise (资助 ) Europes film industry. Even the relatively successful British movie industry has no control over distribution, which is almost entirely in the hands of the Hollywood majors. Second, political cultures are being transformed by the personality-driven American m
17、odel in countries as far-reaching as Japan and the Philippines. Finally, U.S. domination of technologies such as the Internet and satellite TV means that, increasingly, America monopolizes the view people get of the world. According to a recent report for the U.N. Conference on Trade and Development
18、, 13 of the top 14 Internet firms are American. No. 14 is British. “You have to know English if you want to use the Internet,“ says Andre Kaspi, a professor at the Sorbonne in Paris. A main problem is that culture is no longer a protected species, but subject to the inexorable drive for free trade,
19、says Joost Smiers, a political science professor at the Utrecht School of the Arts. This means that it is increasingly difficult for countries to protect their own industries. France tries to do so with subsidies, while South Korea has tried quotas. Such “protectionist“ tactics meet with considerabl
20、e U.S. muscle, Dr. Smiers says. “Americas aggressive cultural policy. hinders national states from regulating their own cultural markets,“ he says. “We should take culture out of the WTO.“ Resistance to American Cultural Influence A backlash is being felt in certain places. In Japan, locals have tak
21、en U.S. ideas like hip-hop and fast food, and given them a Japanese twist, says Dominic A1-Badri, editor of Kansai Time Out. In Germany, there is still strong resistance to aspects of U.S. pop culture, though there is an appetite for its intellectual culture, says Gary Smith, director of the America
22、n Academy in Bedim In France, resistance is growing partly because of frustrations over the Iraq war-but partly because Americanization is already so advanced in the country, says Mr. Kaspi. France has repeatedly tried to mandate the use of French language in official capacities to check the advance
23、 of English. “But most of the time, the law is impossible to apply, because if you want to be understood around the world you have to speak English,“ Kaspi says. In the Philippines, even the best U.S. ideals have caused complications. “The pervasive American influence has saddled us with two legacie
24、s,“ notes respected local commentator Antonio C. Abaya. “American-style elections, which require the commitment of massive financial resources, which have to be recouped (偿还 ) and rolled over many times, which is the main source of corruption in government; and American-style free press in which med
25、ia feel free to attack and criticize everything that the government does or says, which adds to disunity and loss of confidence in government.“ Meanwhile, for all the strength of the U.S. movie industry, sometimes a foreign film resonates more with a local audience than a Hollywood production-and ou
26、tperforms it. For instance, Japans “Spirited Away“ (2001) remains the top-grossing film in that country, surpassing global Hollywood hits like “Titanic“. In addition, British TV has influenced and served up competition to U.S. shows, spawning such hits as “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?“, “The Weake
27、st Link“, and “American Idol“. 4,000 Years from Now So how much good does American culture bring to the world? And how long will it last? Ian Ralston cautions against sweeping dismissals of U.S. pop culture. British television may be saturated (充满 ) with American sitcoms and movies, but while some a
28、re poor, others are quite good, he says. “British culture has always been enriched by foreign influences. In some ways American culture and media have added to that enrichment.“ Others note that it is not all one-way traffic. America may feast largely on a diet of homegrown culture, but it imports m
29、odestly as well: soccer, international cuisine, Italian fashion, and, increasingly, British television. As to the question of durability, some experts believe U.S. domination of communication channels makes it inevitable that its messages will become far more entrenched than those of previous empire
30、s. “The main difference now in favor of American culture is the importance of technology-telephone, Internet, films, all that did not exist in ancient Greece,“ Kaspi says. “American influence is growing. Its so easy to get access to U.S. culture; there are no barriers.“ “Disney is known worldwide no
31、w,“ he adds. “Plato is more and more unknown, even in Greece.“ But not everyone thinks American culture will stand the test of time. “It remains to be seen whether the Monkees and Bee Gees are as durable as Plato,“ says Professor Young, with a dab of irony. “Lets have another look in 4,000 years tim
32、e.“ 2 As a superpower, America spreads its culture to nearly every corner of the world. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Fast food, Disney, and pop music will change the world in the same way as Plato and Shakespeare have. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 When the American model goes into other countries, people alwa
33、ys welcome the changes. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 American culture and media, in some Ways, have helped to enrich German culture. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Detractors of cultural imperialism think that cultural domination endangers _. 7 A main problem with culture is that it is subject to free trade and
34、 is no longer a _. 8 The growing resistance to American culture in France results from the frustrations over Iraq war and _. 9 America also borrows culture from other countries therefore its influence is not a _ traffic. 10 The key that U.S. holds to spread its culture across the world is its domina
35、tion of _. 11 Not all people think American culture will be durable enough to meet _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation a
36、nd the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Return and borrow books in the library. （ B） Go to work in the library. （ C） Return books to the libr
37、ary and buy two books for his mother. （ D） Write down the list of books his mother wants to read. （ A） She went shopping. （ B） She did some sewing. （ C） She repaired her car. （ D） She bought some tobacco. （ A） Their son will be a little bit influenced. （ B） Their son will not take the examination ow
38、ing to the weather. （ C） The weather will affect their son severely. （ D） The weather will not make any difference to their son. （ A） He can talk to her a few minutes later. （ B） He must wait for a long time. （ C） Hed better speak to her at once. （ D） He can have a long talk with her. （ A） Press the
39、 “process“ key. （ B） Insert his card. （ C） Memorize his personal number. （ D） Insert some coins. （ A） The woman expects the man to make an important decision. （ B） The mans father is a very successful banker. （ C） They are both making a future plan. （ D） The man is not going to succeed in his father
40、s business. （ A） Classmates. （ B） Boss and secretary. （ C） Husband and wife. （ D） Teacher and student. （ A） Doctor-patient. （ B） Daughter- mother. （ C） Passenger-bus driver. （ D） Customer-merchant. （ A） Chicago. （ B） New York. （ C） Boston. （ D） Detroit. （ A） In a little while. （ B） First thing in th
41、e morning. （ C） Pretty quick. （ D） By 8:00 pm. （ A） An Elgin. （ B） A Rolex. （ C） A Seiko. （ D） A Bulova. （ A） The effects of caffeine. （ B） Some causes of headaches. （ C） How to do well on exams. （ D） Problems with the student cafeteria. （ A） He has a headache. （ B） He failed his history exam. （ C）
42、He is sleepy. （ D） He is too busy. （ A） Decaffeinated coffee may help prevent heart disease. （ B） Coffee does not necessarily cause heart disease. （ C） Coffee has less caffeine than soda. （ D） Caffeine can be used as headache remedy. （ A） It helps people work efficiently. （ B） Its more refreshing th
43、an soda. （ C） It should be drunk in moderation. （ D） It has less flavor than tea. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, y
44、ou must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Replacing the native corn with the hybrid corn. （ B） Replacing the hybrid corn with the native corn. （ C） Replacing the new type of corn with the traditional corn. （ D） Replacing the traditional corn with the native corn
45、. （ A） Excellent quality. （ B） Large productivity. （ C） Good flavor. （ D） Both A and B. （ A） Because their wives didnt like it. （ B） Because it wasnt good for cooking. （ C） Because their wives didnt like the flavor. （ D） All of the above. （ A） The situation. （ B） The solution. （ C） The recommendatio
46、n. （ D） The office building. （ A） Because they had to wait for a long time by the lift. （ B） Because they were bored for nothing to do but standing by the lift. （ C） Because the lift was slow. （ D） Because there were not enough lifts in the building. （ A） The problem of lacking a mirror. （ B） The pr
47、oblem of lacking a decoration for the lift. （ C） A psychological problem. （ D） A material problem. （ A） It allowed workers to spend more time at home. （ B） It gave workers opportunity for better training. （ C） It enabled people to live far from their workplace. （ D） It eliminated many factory jobs.
48、（ A） The lack of a qualified sales force. （ B） Lower price in suburban shopping malls. （ C） Unpleasant highway commuting. （ D） Limited land available. （ A） Job opportunities are better there. （ B） Prices are lower in downtown stores. （ C） Highway commuting has become unpleasant. （ D） The living cond
49、itions are better there. （ A） A discussion of air pollution. （ B） Predictions of fuel surpluses. （ C） Slides of recently discovered fossils. （ D） A description of urban transportation patterns. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact word
