1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 319及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the following graph. The title is Schoolkids Going to Evening School. You must write no less than 150 words and give possible REASONS for the growing number of
2、schoolkids who learn a second language at evening school. 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if
3、the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Workplace 2020 By Susan Paynter Its a summer morning in the year 2020 and not yet 7: 30 a
4、.m. Jane Han son, flushed from her early morning run along the river, sets down in her work station at home. She is still in her sweats, and this is the first day all week she has slid her knees under a desk. For Jane and millions of other so-called knowledge workers, the job is wherever she is. Tod
5、ay, its at home. A graphics designer, Jane has a current assignment to develop a new logo for a sports shoe for a client. Shes delight ed to have the project, since it gives her a chance to work with Aki, her in ternational partner inYokohama (横滨 ), Japan. Today, Akis face pops up on her computer sc
6、reen as she checks “see-mail,“ a type of communication that replaced E-mail a few years ago. With a click, Jane can call up the video image and voice of each person who left her a message the previous night. This morning, Jane calls Aki back and they see and hear each other via video phone. They col
7、laborate on an interactive screen almost as if they are standing side by side at the same drawing board. Janes husband, George, can often be found working at home as well. “Going to the office“ has become an option, not a necessity, with the advent of the wireless computer. George teaches at a nearb
8、y university, and often broadcasts his lectures via satellite. But this morning he is at an on-campus seminar. The kids are also out of the house today attending classes at a nearby language and science lab. Jane is grateful to have the house to herself today as she and Aki work on the logo. The Vir
9、tual Office Twenty years from now, as many as 25 million Americansnearly 20 percent of the workforcewill stretch the boundaries between home and work far beyond the lines drawn now. Technology has already so accelerated the pace of change in the workplace that few futurists are willing to predict ha
10、rd numbers. But nearly all trend-trackers agree that much of the next centurys work will be decentralized, done at home or in satellite offices on a schedule tailored to fit workers lives and the needs of their families. Even international boundaries may blur as the economy goes truly global. Betwee
11、n 1990 and 1998, telecommuting doubled from about 3 percent to 6 percent of the working populationor about 8.2 million people. The numbers are expected to double again in far less time, with as much as 12 percent of the population telecommuting by the year 2005, says Charlie Grantham, director of th
12、e Institute for the Study of Distributed Work in Windsor, California. Wireless computers and seamless communications systems are already in the works and fueling the trend. The video phone is not far off, an advance that many futurists believe will make even more companies comfortable with employees
13、 working from home. “Now, we communicate at the level of radio,“ says Gerald Celente, author of Trends 2000 and director of The Trends Research Institute of Rhinebeck, New York. E-mail and the telephone are primitive, he argues, and make people feel cut off from co-workers. But once everyone can see
14、 each other on the screen, long-distance relationships will feel more intimate. What about the office? “Todays offices are a direct descendant of the factory,“ says Gil Gordon, a consultant based in Monmouth Junction, New Jersey, who has spent nearly two decades advising companies on how to institut
15、e telecommuting and more flexible work patterns. “They may be better lighted, but theyre much the same.“ Still, Gordon does not think the office building will vanish altogether. Rather, the office of 2020 will be just one place for focused work that re quires true collaboration. It will also be a ke
16、y site for socializing and cementing the relationships that keep a business going. Physically, however, it may look quite different. The typical office to day allocates about 80 percent of the space to offices and cubicles, with the rest given over to formal meeting rooms, Gordon says. That will soo
17、n change to 20 percent for individual work stations and 40 percent for “touch-down spaces“ to land in but not to move into. We may sit still only long enough to check E-mail and access data. Gordon predicts the remaining 40 percent of space will be devoted to sites used by teams and groups, includin
18、g conference rooms. But they will not look like todays dull conference rooms. Instead, many will be designed to promote connection and creativity. Its also likely that companies will share space. Instead of more high-rise office towers, there will be more multi-use centers shared by several firms. “
19、You will call ahead and reserve a space and check-in time, and a kind of concierge (服务台职员 ) will assign you a spot and make sure that, as of seven a.m. that day, your phone rings there.“ With all this mobility, employees may long for a sense of belonging. Transitional workspaces may become more indi
20、vidualized, according to Gordon. “A lighted panel may display pictures of your family, your dog or your sailboat.“ Futurist Lisa Aldisert, a senior consultant with a New York-based trends analysis firm, suggests that, through sophisticated microchip applications, a roving employee will be able with
21、the flick of a switch to alter wall colors and room temperature to fit her mood. New Work Relationships The benefits of these changes, for both workers and companies, are al ready evident to many. Compelling studies have convinced many companies that telecommuting is a plus for the bottom line. Aetn
22、a, for example, finds that the people who process its claims produce about 20 percent more when they work outside of the office. What will some other side effects be? No one can guess yet just how the legal relationships between workers and employers will change. Many workers may move from a salary
23、system to an independent contractor system. Or they may sign on with different clients on a project-by-project basis. Companies might continue to provide benefits to many workers to assure their loyalty. In any case, companies will still try to find ways to foster a sense of identity with their prod
24、ucts and services. To do their best, workers will still need to feel part of a team, says Leslie Faught, president of Working Solutions, a work/life benefit company based in Portland, Oregon. Some futurists also note that technology may change the hierarchy of most workplaces. In fact, work may beco
25、me much more democratic, as companies share more information to get the job done. Introducing software to streamline communications within a company, for example, can also mean al lowing access to information that was formerly held by one or two people. That can be threatening to some managers at fi
26、rst, but many change their minds, once they see how much better working relationships can be. “Once they get on board, many managers realize their own lives are better too,“ says Kathy King of the Oregon Office of Energy whose job is to promote telecommunicating from an environmental standpoint. New
27、 Social Life A growing number of American workers have already had a taste of the future. Leslie Faught “talks“ via E-mail with customers and partners scattered across South America, Canada and Asia. She says being able to see them via video phone and work with them via interactive computer will onl
28、y strengthen personal connections she has already forged. Nonetheless, being part of a virtual community will never entirely replace the need for in-person connections right here at home. Thats why workers of the future will also flock to satellite work centers in their neighborhoods. Many will have
29、 amenities (福利生活区 )provided by companies or entrepreneursthat bring people together, as they used to gather around the water-cooler. Its already easy to see prototypes in places like Seattle, where Kinkos and Tullys Coffee are next door, and people bounce in and out while they do both work and commu
30、nity projects. At the heart of all these changes, says Gil Gordon, is the fact that we have finally begun to separate the idea of work from the place where we do it. And that will make blending work and family a lot easier for many people. Like Jane Hanson and her husband, many families will find li
31、fe less hectic and more integrated. 2 This article begins with an episode taken from a sci-fi story with Jane Hanson as its heroine. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The development of technology is speeding up the pace of changes in the workplace. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 In the years to come, the percentage
32、 of telecommuters will grow far be yond the futurists wildest expectations. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Realizing the potential benefits, executives are expecting those changes in the workplace with even greater enthusiasm. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 From the context we may figure out that “telecommuting m
33、eans _. 7 It appears that being flexible in work patterns, telecommuters tend to be _ in efficiency than their office-based counterparts. 8 Regardless of other workplace changes, employees may long for and workers will still need to _ in order to do their best. 9 Offices in the future tend to look d
34、ifferent and serve different purposes; they will most likely be designed to _. 10 The main advantage of the video phone over E-mail and the telephone is _. 11 With all these possible changes in the workplace or work patterns, people may find it easier to _ between work and family life. Section A Dir
35、ections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pa
36、use, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） A surprise party. （ B） A picnic. （ C） A meeting. （ D） An appointment. （ A） Shes a maid. （ B） She sells stoves and refrigerators. （ C） Shes an apartment manager. （ D） Shes a real estate agent. （ A） By
37、bus. （ B） By plane. （ C） By ear. （ D） By train. （ A） Life is less expensive in the city. （ B） Jobs are easier to find in the city. （ C） Her job is in the city. （ D） Living in the suburbs is expensive. （ A） The woman thinks the salesman was realistic. （ B） The woman thinks the salesman exaggerated hi
38、s part. （ C） The woman thinks the salesman was not dramatic enough. （ D） The woman thinks the salesman played his part well. （ A） At home. （ B） In a hospital. （ C） In a dentists office. （ D） In a hotel. （ A） The woman is afraid of thunderstorms. （ B） The man works for a roofing company. （ C） The roo
39、f of the womans house needs repairing. （ D） The mans roof is leaking. （ A） He must see the dentist. （ B） He must give a speech. （ C） He has a meeting to attend. （ D） He must travel to a business conference. （ A） Sightseeing. （ B） Lying on the beach. （ C） Taking photos of the beaches. （ D） Scuba divi
40、ng. （ A） Biology. （ B） Photography. （ C） Swimming. （ D） Painting. （ A） Large green jellyfish. （ B） Different floating plants. （ C） Oceanic snails. （ D） Sunken treasure. （ A） The disadvantages of working in an office. （ B） How using a computer can affect ones eyes. （ C） Why Tom needs to get glasses.
41、（ D） Research Tom has done for his chemistry paper. （ A） It helps to keep the eyes moist. （ B） It helps the eyes absorb eye-drops. （ C） It improves a persons concentration. （ D） It prevents a buildup of chemicals in the eyes. （ A） Take more frequent breaks. （ B） Improve his computer skills. （ C） Dri
42、nk more coffee. （ D） Go to see an eye doctor. （ A） He doesnt know how to use a computer. （ B） He doesnt want to write the paper. （ C） He needs to get an office job. （ D） He has been working for a long time. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each pas
43、sage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） They order and eat their food at the restaurant. （ B） They buy and take their food out and eat
44、it in their cars or in their homes. （ C） They order, pay for and get their food in their cars. （ D） They do one of the three above-mentioned things. （ A） It is because fast food restaurants are fast, informal, and inexpensive. （ B） It is because people can easily find fast food restaurants. （ C） It
45、is because people like to eat hamburgers. （ D） It is because fast food restaurants sell nearly every kind of food. （ A） They can be got at some of the fast food restaurants. （ B） They can be got at most of the fast food restaurants. （ C） They can be got at a part of the fast food restaurants. （ D） T
46、hey can be got at all of the fast food restaurants. （ A） Shifting job opportunities. （ B） The evolution of the weekend. （ C） Attitudes toward employment, （ D） Attitudes toward leisure activities. （ A） How many weeks there are in a month. （ B） Which days people should work. （ C） How the week is divid
47、ed into days. （ D） Which day begins the week. （ A） It would make leisure activities expensive. （ B） It would create much more free time. （ C） It would make the workday longer. （ D） It would allow people to work on the weekend. （ A） Improvements in farm machinery in the United States. （ B） Farmers lo
48、ss of independence. （ C） Jeffersons views about commercialized agriculture. （ D） International trade in the nineteenth century. （ A） New banking laws made it easier to buy farmland. （ B） The United States increased its agricultural imports. （ C） Crop production became increasingly specialized. （ D）
49、Economic depressions lowered the prices of farm products. （ A） Jefferson established government programs to assist farmers. （ B） Farmers relied less on foreign markets. （ C） Prices for farm products rose. （ D） Farmers became more dependent on loans from banks. （ A） Because it affected the prices that farmers could receive for their crops. （ B） Because it decreased the power of the railroads to control farm prices. （ C） Because it provided evidence that Jeffersons ideal could be achieved.
