1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 192及答案与解析 Section A 0 Most people think of sharks as huge, powerful, frightening predators, ready at any moment to use their sharp teeth to attack swimmers. There are a lot of wrong ideas about sharks. First, there are about 350【 C1】 _of shark, and not all of them are large. They
2、range in【 C2】 _from the dwarf shark, which can be only six inches long and can be held in the hand, to the whale shark, which can be more than 5 feet long. The second【 C3】 _of shark concerns its terrible teeth whose number and type can vary greatly among the different species of shark. A shark can h
3、ave from one to seven【 C4】 _of teeth at the same time, and some types of shark can have several hundred teeth in each jaw. It is true that the cruel and predatory species do have【 C5】_sharp teeth used to【 C6】 _and cut their victim apart, many other types of shark, however, have teeth more【 C7】 _to h
4、olding than to cutting. Finally, not all sharks are predatory animals ready to【 C8】 _out at humans. In fact, only 12 of the 350 species of shark have been known to attack humans, and a shark seldom【 C9】 _humans unless is made angry. The types of shark that have the worst record with humans are the t
5、iger shark, the bull shark, and the great white shark. However, for most species of shark, even some of the largest types, there are no【 C10】_instances of attacks on humans. A. attacks B. negotiate C. size D. declaration E. remote F. known G. misunderstanding H. notifying I. extremely J. species K s
6、ets L. hence M. tear N. strike O. suitable 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 Section B 10 Secrets of Grade-A Parents A)When Carey Graham started Grade One, he got a very special teacher. “She recognized my passion for learning,“ says the now 20-year-ol
7、d. “Every morning wed sit down with workbooks and do writing and math exercises. And any time during the day, she could always be counted on to read to me. She always encouraged me to learn all I could about everything.“ This extraordinary teacher was his mom, Jeanne Lambert, who homeschooled Graham
8、 until high school. Hes now in his second year in the University of Torontos Peace and Conflict Studies program, having received a provincial “Aiming for the Top“ scholarship. Graham is considering a law degree or a masters in political science down the road. He attributes his academic success to th
9、e foundation laid by his parents. B)“You cant be a parent without being a teacher,“ says Bruce Aral, a professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Wilfrid Laurier University in Waterloo, Ontario. “Perhaps the most important teaching in a childs life is done by his parents, not by so
10、me professional with certificates,“ he says. Homeschooling isnt about sitting your kids down in the kitchen and teaching them in the formal sense, says Aral, but about “making sure the resources and opportunities for learning are available to them.“ And that, any parent can do. Here, then, are some
11、methods that parents who would never consider homeschooling can pick up from those who do. Lesson 1 Think Outside the Classroom C)When homeschooler Kerri Paquette, a mother of six, was building a house in Lansdowne, she saw it as a learning opportunity. “They learned math as we measured, about soil
12、as we dug the foundation, about water while we did the plumbing, and about electricity when we did the electrical work. My children make the subjects come alive as much I do,“ says Paquette. Her kids, aged three to 13, continue to view the world as their classroom. They study food and plant growth t
13、hrough their organic garden. They learn about cows by talking to the neighboring farmers. And they learn math, measuring and science while helping Paquette cook. “The other day my nine-year-old, Maddison, started learning a new educational computer program. The section on fractions was all new, but
14、she knew it from when we bake.“ Every activity, says Paquette, can include a lesson. Lesson 2 Eliminate Learning Limits D)A teacher with a class of 25 students cant continue a unit on, say, the body just because one child is still keen but you can. “We dont have a time frame that restricts our inves
15、tigations, and we dont have a daily schedule,“ says Linda Clement, who homeschools her two daughters in Victoria, When her 14-year-old showed an interest in the human body, the curious student read dozens of relevant books and surfed web sites. Janets curiosity took her in all sorts of directions: a
16、 dictionary of poisons and antidotes, an encyclopedia of medicine, books about human personality and much more. E)The benefit to your child goes beyond a thorough knowledge of a subject. Studying deeply a topic builds independent research skills and a love of learning. “If my children are interested
17、 in a subject,“ says Clement, “we can go as far into the subject, answering as many questions as they have, for as long as is necessary. This freedom encourages their investigations.“ Lesson 3 Teach Your Kids Their Way F)Some children are visual learners(they absorb best when they see something), so
18、me are auditory(they need to hear it), some are kinesthetic(they need hands-on experience)and some are a combination. Uncovering how your child learns best will increase your effectiveness in helping him or her with schoolwork. Unsure of your childs learning style? Ask his teacher. G)The way Melissa
19、 Cowls six children, aged three to 15, pick up on math highlights the great differences in learning styles. “Our ten-year-old, Matthew, needs everything in black and white: Tell him what to do and how to do it, and its done,“ says the mother. “He had a math text that was too colorful, with a layout
20、that was difficult to follow. I switched to a text that was more step-by-step, more concrete. Now he does math tests with no trouble. Our eight-year-old, Ryan, however, is very hands-on. For math, he uses a variety of colorful pens to figure out things like addition and fractions. He needs to see it
21、 and feel it. Not one of my kids learns the same way as the others.“ Lesson 4 Let Them See You Learn H)One of the best parts of homeschooling is that you can continue your own education and your kids can see you doing it and pick up on your love of learning. The same principle can be applied by any
22、parent. “Learning never ends,“ says Julia Goforth, a homeschooling mother of four. “We try new things all the time, whether Im reading something new or were all tasting foods wed never normally eat.“ Reversing the roles also has benefits, giving kids a sense of pride in their own newfound knowledge.
23、 “Today my 12-year-old daughter, Denise, explained to me how she figured out a math problem. Shed wound up with the right answer, but I didnt understand how she managed it,“ says homeschooler Gina Rozon of La Ronge, Sask. “Our kids are teaching us all the time.“ I)Learning doesnt always go smoothly,
24、 for kids and adults alike, which is why its important for children to see their parents struggle with something new. “My children watched me turn my life around by trying new things,“ says Goforth. “I went from being a fearful, stay-at-home mom to an adventurous artists model and public speaker. Le
25、arning belly dance and play the violin is on my to-do list this year.“ Lesson 5 “Own“ Your Childrens Education J)“Helping them isnt about showing your kids how to do the work. Its about being genuinely interested and having regular conversations about what theyre learning,“ says J. Gary Knowles, a p
26、rofessor at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. Rozon has many suggestions for how to get more involved. “Get to know the teacher. Discuss ways to design the assignments to your childs learning style. Spend time in the classroom. Ask for outlines of unit studies so you can find additiona
27、l materials at the library or through videos. Read your childs textbooks: If you work a few pages ahead, youll be able to help them with problems they encounter.“ K)Reading is another must, says Rozon. “Even after your children can read themselves, hearing somebody else read aloud is important. We n
28、early always bring a book wherever we go; we read for at least a half hour before bedtime.“ The more engaged a parent is, the more the child benefits, adds Bruce Aral. “The evidence is clear: Parental involvement is one of the most important factors in school success. The hours children spend in cla
29、ss are but one element of their education.“ 11 Children who learn best from hands-on participation can be classified as kinesthetic learners. 12 Seeing their parents struggle with something new can make the children understand that learning doesnt always go smoothly. 13 Matthew had difficulty with m
30、ath when the math text was too colorful. 14 Graham thinks that his academic success is due to the foundation laid by his parents. 15 Parental engagement plays an important role in childrens academic success. 16 As for taking up homeschooling, it is suggested that the resources and chances for learni
31、ng should be provided in homeschooling. 17 While providing homeschooling for children, parents can also continue their own education. 18 According to Rozons suggestion, reading a few pages ahead of your childrens textbooks enables you to help them with problems better. 19 Getting a thorough knowledg
32、e of a particular subject can bring a lot of benefits to your child. 20 Julia Goforth believes that learning never ends, so she is going to learn belly dance and play the violin this year. Section C 20 What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie
33、 in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home than ever before, setting
34、 the pattern of the working wife and mother. Today about half of the countrys married women are employed outside the home. But, unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore. Instead, many have become, in a sense, prisoners of the completely cook
35、ed convenience meals. It is easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day. Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parent
36、s with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, have been alone rather than as part of a family unit and dont want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesnt require any dressing up, it offers a
37、“fun“ break in the daily routine, and the expense of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out or on the run. Even if it is brought home to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrapping
38、s. Children, especially, love fast food because it is finger food, no struggling with knives and forks, no annoying instructions from adults about table manners. 21 Americans enjoy fast food now mainly because _. （ A） women are busy with their work （ B） there are more single-parent families （ C） it
39、can be eaten in the car or on the run （ D） it is time-saving and convenient 22 It can be inferred that children _. （ A） want to have more freedom at table （ B） never wash dishes after meal （ C） like using forks and knives while eating （ D） take eating time as a fun break 23 People who live alone pre
40、fer not to cook at home on the ground that_. （ A） they are too busy working to think of cooking （ B） they consider cooking for one person is too troublesome （ C） they think eating outside from time to time is enjoyable （ D） they want to share every meal with the friends 24 According to the passage,
41、a drive-in window is _. （ A） a car window from which you can see the driver （ B） a window in the restaurant from which you get your takeout in the car （ C） a place where you can buy unprepared food back home to cook （ D） an entrance where you return the used plates after eating 25 The expression “pi
42、tch in with“(Line 2, Para. 2)probably means _. （ A） complain （ B） enjoy （ C） help （ D） deny 25 Argentina(land of silver)was given its name by 16th-century explorers who believed the country was rich in silver mines. The hopes of the explorers soon vanished when they discovered that the beautiful sil
43、ver ornaments(装饰品 )worn by the Indians came from distant Peru. Though rich in many resources, the so-called land of silver proved relatively poor in minerals of any kind, but its descriptive name has endured. When people think of Argentina, the image that comes at once to mind is that of the Gaucho
44、on his horse, riding across the treeless Pampa The ability of the Gaucho to survive in a hostile land and his skill in mastering the horse and using the animal for his own purposes were extraordinary. Notable, too, were the Gauchos special features of character indifference to material possessions c
45、ombined with a natural warmth and friendliness. The skull of a cow often served him as a chair, but his strong instinct for hospitality led him to offer a stranger his hut with all the expansiveness of a great gentleman opening his manor(庄园 )house. Mounted on his horse, the Gaucho felt himself lord
46、of the world, free to go in any direction he pleased without being subjected to the will of any other person. The Gaucho became characteristic of the Argentine people. If at first his name conveyed the idea of a tramp(流浪汉 )or wild rustic(乡巴佬 ), it soon came to indicate his positive qualities his cle
47、verness, fine horsemanship, bravery, loyalty, and generosity. The phrase “to be a gaucho“ or “to be very gaucho“ soon became phrases of good sense. Today the expression “to make a gauchada“ means that one does a favor through friendship, with no thought of personal gain. The influence of the Gaucho
48、and the impact of his way of life on the habits of future generations of Argentines cannot be overlooked. Many Argentine customs and traditions stem from the way of life of the people of the Pampa 26 What can we know about the origin of Argentina from the first paragraph? （ A） The name was given bec
49、ause the land was rich in silver mines. （ B） The explorers gave the land this name by mistake. （ C） The explorers were disappointed with the poor resources in Argentina （ D） When the land was discovered, Indians from Peru lived there. 27 A gaucho can be best described as _. （ A） a tramp （ B） a rustic （ C） a hunter （ D） a cowboy 28 If you say “You are a real gaucho“ to an Argentine, he will most probably be _. （ A） pleased （ B） disappointed （ C） hurt （ D） amazed 29
