1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 108及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 1. Briefly state the fact of how college students plan their spare time according to your observation. 2. What do you think are good and why? 3. Some misconceptions on planning spare time should be avoided. 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimm
2、ing and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contr
3、adicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 How Europe fails its young Those Europeans who are tempted, in the light of the dismal scenes in New Orleans this fortnight, to downgrade the American challenge should meditate on one wo
4、rd: universities. Five years ago in Lisbon European officials proclaimed their intention to become the worlds premier “knowledge economy“ by 2010. The thinking behind this grand declaration made sense of a sort: Europes only chance of preserving its living standards lies in working smarter than its
5、competitors rather than harder or cheaper. But Europes failing higher-education system poses a lethal threat to this ambition. Europe created the modem university. Scholars were gathering in Paris and Bologna before America was on the map. Oxford and Cambridge invented the residential university: th
6、e idea of a community of scholars, living together to pursue higher learning. Germany created the research university. A century ago European universities were a magnet for scholars and a model for academic administrators the world over. But, as our survey of higher education explains, since the sec
7、ond world war Europe has progressively surrendered its lead in higher education to the United States. America boasts 17 of the worlds top 20 universities, according to a widely used global ranking by the Shanghai Jiao Tong University. American universities currently employ 70% of the worlds Nobel pr
8、ize-winners, 30% of the worlds output of articles on science and engineering, and 44% of the most frequently cited articles. No wonder developing countries now look to America rather than Europe for a model for higher education. Why have European universities declined so precipitously in recent deca
9、des? And what can be done to restore them to their former glory? The answer to the first question lies in the role of the state. American universities get their funding from a variety of different sources, not just government but also philanthropists, businesses and, of course, the students themselv
10、es. European ones are largely state-funded. The constraints on state funding mean that European governments force universities to “process“ more and more students without giving the TM the necessary cash and respond to the universities complaints by trying to micromanage them. Inevitably, quality ha
11、s eroded. Yet, as the American model shows, people are prepared to pay for good higher education, because they know they will benefit from it: thats why America spends twice as much of its GDP on higher education as Europe does. The answer to the second question is to set universities free from the
12、state. Free universities to run their internal affairs: how can French universities, for example, compete for talent with their American rivals when professors are civil servants? And free them to charge fees for their services including, most importantly, student fees. Asias learning The standard E
13、uropean retort is that if people have to pay for higher education, it will become the monopoly of the rich. But spending on higher education in Europe is highly regressive (more middle-class students go to university than working-class ones). And higher education is hardly a monopoly of the rich in
14、America: a third of undergraduates come from racial minorities, and about a quarter come from families with incomes below the poverty line. The government certainly has a responsibility to help students to borrow against their future incomes. But student fees offer the best chance of pumping more re
15、sources into higher education. They also offer the best chance of combining equity with excellence. Europe still boasts some of the worlds best universities, and there are some signs that policy makers have realised that their system is failing. Britain, the pacemaker in university reform in Europe,
16、 is raising fees. The Germans are trying to create a Teutonic Ivy League. European universities are aggressively wooing foreign students. Pan-European plans are encouraging student mobility and forcing the more eccentric European countries (notably Germany) to reform their degree structures. But the
17、 reforms have been too tentative. America is not the only competition Europe faces in the knowledge economy. Emerging countries have cottoned on to the idea of working smarter as well as harder. Singapore is determined to turn itself into a “knowledge island“. India is sprucing up its institutes of
18、technology. In the past decade China has doubled the size of its student population while pouring vast resources into elite universities. Forget about catching up with America; unless Europeans reform their universities, they will soon be left in the dust by Asia as well. 2 Europes only chance of pr
19、eserving its living standards lies in working smarter than its competitors rather than harder or cheaper. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Oxford and Yale invented the residential university. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Since the World War I Europe has progressively surrendered its lead in higher education to th
20、e United States. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 America spends twice as much of its GDP on higher education as Europe does. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Britain is the pacemaker in University reform in Europe. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 European Universities will pay more attention to cooperate with Peking Univers
21、ity. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 America is the only competition Europe faces in the knowledge economy. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 A century ago European universities were a magnet for _ and a model for _ the world over. 10 According to a widely used global ranking by _, America boasts 17 of the worlds top
22、 20 universities. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there
23、 will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） It will be very far. （ B） It will take place as planned. （ C） It was canceled on Saturday. （ D） The arrangements are uncertain so far. （ A） She painted it by herself. （
24、B） She hired her brother to paint it. （ C） It needs to be painted. （ D） It isnt beautifully painted. （ A） She was slimmer then. （ B） She was 140 pounds then. （ C） She was 160 pounds then. （ D） She was in very good figure then, （ A） The audience helped the pianist. （ B） The audience shook the pianist
25、s hand. （ C） The audience disliked the pianists performance. （ D） The audience applauded the pianists performance. （ A） She feels fine. （ B） She feels sick. （ C） She feels better. （ D） She feels tired. （ A） The students took a physical test that afternoon. （ B） The students had to take part in the p
26、hysical labor. （ C） The teacher put off the physical labor, （ D） There wont be a physical test this afternoon. （ A） Sing the song for his friends first. （ B） Continue to practice the song for a week. （ C） Pretend that he is performing for his friends. （ D） Join in the acting group to make a few frie
27、nds. （ A） The woman will arrive at the station in ten minutes. （ B） The woman has fifteen minutes to get to the station. （ C） The man thinks he will be able to reach the station in ten minutes. （ D） The man thinks he will not be able to get to the station on time. （ A） He is very interested in it. （
28、 B） He is indifferent to it. （ C） He is surprised about it. （ D） He is angry with it. （ A） Its low purchase price. （ B） Its wide availability. （ C） Its good nutritional value. （ D） Its higher water content. （ A） In a few weeks. （ B） In two or three months. （ C） In about two years. （ D） In ten years.
29、 （ A） Harm that cannot be repaired. （ B） Harm that are more powerful these days. （ C） Damage that can be repaired. （ D） Harm that are legalized. （ A） Being a problem to the society. （ B） Being squashed. （ C） Taking drugs. （ D） Becoming an orange. （ A） Because cannabis proved to be more harmful than
30、tobacco. （ B） Because canabis is already so widespread. （ C） Because it is not known whether cannabis may be harmful or not. （ D） Because canabis is proved to be positively harmful. （ A） Reject all values. （ B） Be hostile to society. （ C） Reject the values of their elders. （ D） Disregard the values
31、of others. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and
32、 D. （ A） Solar energy. （ B） Synthetic fuel. （ C） Alcohol fuel. （ D） Electricity power. （ A） Air traffic conditions. （ B） Road conditions. （ C） New traffic rules. （ D） Traffic jams on highways. （ A） Arrive early for boarding. （ B） Carry little luggage. （ C） Undergo security checks. （ D） Arrive early
33、for boarding. （ A） He feels funny. （ B） He feels angry. （ C） He feels excited. （ D） He feels sad. （ A） The newcomers dont like the new environment shortly after their arrival. （ B） The newcomers begin to hate the city, the country in the new culture. （ C） The newcomers begin to enjoy their life more
34、 but leave the country. （ D） The newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and enjoy their life. （ A） The people who had no hobbies in their own culture. （ B） The people who were not active and successful in their own culture. （ C） The people who had high position in their own culture. （ D） Th
35、e people who never had any difficulties in their own culture. （ A） It has a negative effect on the natural environment. （ B） The quality of our life is decreased. （ C） The worlds population is approaching certain limits on growth. （ D） Natural resources are used up. （ A） Because it can create the ca
36、pital needed to improve our quality of life. （ B） Because it can provide natural resources to industry. （ C） Because it can make the quality ot life decrease. （ D） Because it can control the worlds population. （ A） The advantages of the economic growth. （ B） The disadvantages of the economic growth.
37、 （ C） The importance of the economic growth. （ D） The debate about whether the economic growth is desirable. （ A） The author is in favor of economic growth. （ B） The author is against continued economic growth. （ C） The author does not show his point of view. （ D） The author is very glad to join the
38、 discussion. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the
39、 exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Today, the Walt Disney Company is worth about fifty-seven thousand million dollars. I
40、t has come a long way since 1920s. At that time, Walt Disney and his brother Toy【 B1】 their first cartoon film, “Steamboat Willie.“ Walt Disneys cartoons were a【 B2】 of drawings on film. Each drawing is a little different from the one before it. Each shows a tiny change in【 B3】 . When we see a film
41、of handrawn cartoons, the cartoon people and animals【 B4】 to move. They speak with voices【 B5】 by actors. The public loved to watch the Disney【 B6】 move and act. Walt Disney, however, was not【 B7】 with just making cartoons. He wanted to do more. Later in life he opened that first Disneyland in Calif
42、ornia. Walt Disney died in 1966. But his company continued. For twenty important years, Michael Eisner【 B8】 as top leader of the Walt Disney Company. Mr. Eisner had joined it in 1984 as chairman and chief executive officer. In the 1990s, the company grew into a total media business.【 B9】 . Michael E
43、isner and Pixar Animation Studios agreed to make five animated movies. This produced the extremely popular film “The Incredibles“.【 B10】 . Some shareholders in the company blamed Mr. Eisner. Michael Eisner remained top leader of the company until 2O04.【 B11】 . 36 【 B1】 37 【 B2】 38 【 B3】 39 【 B4】 40
44、【 B5】 41 【 B6】 42 【 B7】 43 【 B8】 44 【 B9】 45 【 B10】 46 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before mak
45、ing your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 The American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical or tot
46、al change. It was not a sudden and【 S1】 overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia,【 S2】 both were already independent nations. Significant changes were ushered in,【 S3】 they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated【 S4】 rather than out
47、right revolution. During the conflict, people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not【 S5】 disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on. Americas War of Independence heralded the birth of three modem nati
48、ons. One was Canada, which【 S6】 its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States;【 S7】 was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer【 S8】 for prisoners and debtors; the third newcomer the United St
49、ates based itself squarely on republican principles. Yet even the political overturn was not so【 S9】 as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were【 S10】 by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and parliament. A)violent I)other B)seriously J)received C)revolutionary K)but D)evolution
