1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 286及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title Are the Traditional Media Giving Their Way? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1. The new media (e.g. The internet) is the best sour
2、ce of information. 2. The traditional media (e.g. newspaper, radio and TV) are the best source of information. 3. Your opinion. 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the quest
3、ions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Anthrax The last ca
4、se of inhalational (pulmonary) anthrax in England and Wales was in 1974, and this was the last time that anyone in England and Wales died from anthrax. In the past twenty years there have been fourteen cases of skin (cutaneous) anthrax and all of these people recovered. Whats anthrax? Anthrax is a b
5、acterial infection caused by the organism Becillus anthracis. The bacterium can be found in grass-eating wild and domestic animals such as cows and sheep, most often in the agriculture regions of Europe (Southern and Eastern). The bacterium forms spores that can survive and lay dormant in the enviro
6、nment, for example, in the soil. These spores need a suitable environment to germinate and cause anthrax infection. This environment may be in the skin, lungs, or the intestine. There are three different types of Anthrax: 1. Cutaneous the commonest form This is the most common type and accounts for
7、approximately 95% of eases. These people handing dead animals, such as abattoir workern and tanners, are at most risk of developing cutaneous anthrax, which is nicknamed “woolsorters disease“. When animal products such as wool, hides, or leather of infected animals are handled infection occurs when
8、the bacterium comes into direct contact with a cut or abrasion in the skin. At first the skin itches. This is soon followed by appearance of a small raised itchy bump that looks like an insect bite. This skin lesion is commonly located on the head, forearms, or hands. Within 1-2 days the skin lesion
9、 develops into a vesicle and then becomes a painless ulcer. This is usually around 1-3 centimeters in diameter and after 2-6 days the black dying central area of the ulcer that is characteristic of cutaneous anthrax is apparent. Left untreated cutaneous anthrax infection can spread and cause blood p
10、oisoning, which is fatal in around 5-20% of cases. However, with effective antibiotic treatment, very few deaths occur. 2. Inhalatioanl very rare When inhaled the larger spores lodge in the windpipe or threat whilst smaller ones lodge further down the respiratory tract in the lungs. The anthrax bact
11、eria produce toxins that are able to enter the bloodstream and cause haemorrhaging and tissue decay. Initial symptoms of inhalational anthrax are mild and non-specific, and are similar to the symptoms include tiredness, weakness, fever, mild non-productive cough, and chest pain, If not treated, over
12、 the next 2-6 days this mild phase becomes very severe causing shortness of breath and difficulty breathing, sepsis, and bleeding. By the time the infection has reached this stage if is usually fatal. 3. Intestinal the most rare form This form of the disease may follow the ingestion of contaminated
13、meat and is a very rare form of food poisoning. Initial symptoms of the illness are nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and fever. As the infection becomes more severe, abdominal pain, vomiting of blood, and severe diarrhea occur. Very often intestinal anthrax is fatal. Treatment Successful treatmen
14、t of anthrax infection can be achieved when the disease is identified early on. Treatment is with a course of antibiotics. It is not necessary to quarantine patients with confirmed anthrax since it is extremely unusual for anthrax to be transmitted from person to person. Commonly asked questions How
15、 long does someone have the infection before symptoms of anthrax develop? Usually between 1-7 days, but the incubation period can be up to 60 days. Who is most at risk of contracting anthrax? Anthrax is an occupational hazard of; workers who process animal hides, hair, bone and bone products; agricu
16、ltural workers; vets; and those working with anthrax in specialist laboratories. Do I need to be vaccinated? A vaccination against anthrax is available but it is only recommended for those people at highest risk. It is not recommended for the general public. There is no need for UK residents to be v
17、accinated before traveling to be the United States of America. What should I do if I am concerned about anthrax infection? Discuss your concerns with your GP and log on to the Public Health Laboratory. I have received a suspicious package or letter. What should I do? Do not open it. Place it in a pl
18、astic bag and call the local police station for advice. Do not take it to the police station. 2 Many more people died of anthrax after 1974 in England. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The bacterium of Bocillus anthracis mostly caused anthrax on domestic animals in the America and Europe. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C）
19、NG 4 People who frequently handle dead animals are more likely to be infected by Becillus anthracis. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Even with antibiotic treatment, death rate of cutaneous is still extremely high. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The symptoms of inhalational anthrax will develop well if properly tre
20、ated by antibiotics. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Contaminated meat intake will also lead to inhalational which is accompanied by the symptoms of nausea, vomiting and fever. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Most cases of anthrax can be cured as long as they are found at the initial, stage. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9
21、 Patients who are diagnosed as anthrax dont have to be quarantined for _. 10 The vaccination against anthrax is only recommended to _. 11 We should _ when we receive a suspicious letter. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end o
22、f each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A）
23、They work at the zoo. （ B） They are going to do some artwork. （ C） They enjoy watching elephants. （ D） They are going to feed the elephants. （ A） Shes working all the time. （ B） Shes out all the time. （ C） She works every other day. （ D） She studies twice a day. （ A） Helping a friend find the right
24、department. （ B） Buying himself some shoes. （ C） Taking a class at the gymnasium. （ D） Returning a jogging suit he bought. （ A） Apologize to Donna. （ B） Confront Donna directly. （ C） Excuse Donna to behavior. （ D） Write Donna a latter. （ A） She doesnt say. （ B） Some cigarettes. （ C） Some colorful dr
25、esses. （ D） White shirts and cigarettes. （ A） Shes putting it in a kennel. （ B） Ken is taking it on vacation. （ C） It will accompany her. （ D） It will be staying with Ken. （ A） Not to go home for spring vacation. （ B） Not to take a vacation. （ C） Not to graduate. （ D） Not to go home after graduation
26、 in May. （ A） At a butcher shop. （ B） At a restaurant. （ C） At a bookstore. （ D） At a grocery store. （ A） To make an appointment. （ B） To ask for an interview. （ C） To have a negotiation. （ D） To promote advertisement. （ A） Impatient but then reluctant. （ B） Indifferent but then interested. （ C） Rel
27、uctant but then convinced. （ D） Impatient but then accepted. （ A） Customers can get the payment back if theyre not satisfied with the products. （ B） The company will redo the products again and again until the costumers are satisfied. （ C） Customers should do exactly according to the contract. （ D）
28、The company charges a proper amount of money. （ A） In the countryside. （ B） At the top of a hill. （ C） By a river. （ D） On a grassland. （ A） A lot of food. （ B） A basketball. （ C） A plenty of drink. （ D） Some toy cars. （ A） A group of people were hunting nearby. （ B） A flock of sheep were running to
29、ward them. （ C） A flock of dogs were fighting. （ D） A team of skiers were skiing. （ A） Chemicals. （ B） Water. （ C） Gas. （ D） Vapor. （ A） What to eat on Thanksgiving. （ B） How to have Thanksgiving. （ C） Where to have Thanksgiving. （ D） Who will the speakers have Thanksgiving with. （ A） Have a party w
30、ith friends. （ B） Go shopping with his wife. （ C） Get together with his parents. （ D） Still on duty. （ A） The man. （ B） The woman. （ C） Both of them. （ D） None of them. （ A） She is busy at work and can not go back to visit her parent. （ B） She cannot afford traffic fee to see her parent. （ C） She is
31、 good at entertaining others. （ D） She wants to invite the man to join her on holidays. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a quest
32、ion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Microwaves are strange electric waves. （ B） Microwaves travel in straight lines and do not follow the curve of the earths surface. （ C） There are not any wires to send microwaves. （ D） We must amplify microwaves in
33、 relay stations. （ A） From the starting point back to the earth. （ B） Several hundred kilometers. （ C） A certain height. （ D） About 50 kilometers. （ A） White apple blossom. （ B） White peach blossom. （ C） White pear blossom. （ D） White plum blossom. （ A） Six weeks, （ B） Six months. （ C） Six years. （
34、D） Sixteen years. （ A） Mrs. Li. （ B） Patsy Li. （ C） Text doesnt say. （ D） A Japanese. （ A） Marines. （ B） Soldiers. （ C） Sailors. （ D） Mrs. Li. （ A） 6th. （ B） 8th. （ C） 9th. （ D） 25th. （ A） A white horse. （ B） A gray horse. （ C） A gray donkey. （ D） A reindeer. （ A） Hang up stockings. （ B） Find sweets
35、. （ C） Polish shoes. （ D） Go to church. （ A） The individual citizens control. （ B） The individual states control. （ C） The country controls. （ D） Individual cities or village control. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first t
36、ime, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For thes
37、e blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 40 Today it is perfectly natural for us to shake hands when we greet someone, or say good-bye. But like so many other things we do without thinking such actions at one time probably【 B1】 _something else. For example,
38、in【 B2】 _life the hand was probably a symbol of power and【 B3】 _ . The hand was used to fight enemies, kill animals and make spears and tools. So when the hand was【 B4】 _to someone, it could have represented good will, since it showed that the person was not【 B5】 _or ready to fight. We know that the
39、 hand was an important symbol in early【 B6】 _, probably as a mark of power. The Greeks【 B7】 _to their gods with raised hands. Presenting hands palm to palm was at one time the way an inferior person paid respect to a【 B8】 _Among the Arabs,【 B9】_Later on, polite Arabs began to resist the efforts of p
40、eople to kiss their hands, and sometimes they would end up clasping hands as each tried to prevent the other from showing this mark of “inferiority“. 【 B10】 _. The hand and what was done with it have been full of meaning to people down through the ages.【 B11】 _. 41 【 B1】 42 【 B2】 43 【 B3】 44 【 B4】 4
41、5 【 B5】 46 【 B6】 47 【 B7】 48 【 B8】 49 【 B9】 50 【 B10】 51 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before m
42、aking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 51 The year 1987 marked the 200th【 S1】 _of the U.S. Constitution. We all know
43、that the United States is a comparatively young country, but the interesting thing is that its constitution is the oldest written one that has been in continuous use. For over 200 years, it has provided the【 S2】 _for a stable government and has【 S3】 _ basically unchanged. Today we will try to unders
44、tand the U.S. government better by looking at two important【 S4】_provided by the Constitution. These two principles so important to understanding the U.S. government were written into the Constitution 200 years and are still【 S5】 _today. These two principles are the division, or separation, of power
45、, and a system of checks and balances. Before we begin our discussion of these two principles, lets first take a look at the three branches that【 S6】 _the U.S. government. 【 S7】 _, the Constitution provides for three branches of government. These three branches are【 S8】 _, the executive, and the jud
46、icial. First, the legislative branch, which is the Congress of the United States, is【 S9】 _responsible for enacting, or making new laws that are to be followed by the fifty states of the country. Second, the executive branch, which is【 S10】_by the president, executes these same laws that originate i
47、n the legislature. By signing the laws, the president actually puts the laws into effect. After the president has signed a new law, the executive branch of the government is also responsible for seeing that the new is enforced, or carded out. A) basis B) compose C) individual D) anniversary E) princ
48、iples F) remained G) headed H) separated I) To start J) leave K) Finally L) correspondence M) the legislative N) primarily O) in effect 52 【 S1】 53 【 S2】 54 【 S3】 55 【 S4】 56 【 S5】 57 【 S6】 58 【 S7】 59 【 S8】 60 【 S9】 61 【 S10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage
49、is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 61 When a magazine for high school students asked its readers what life would be like in twenty years. They said machines would be run by solar power. Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take
