1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 289及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Word about “Teaching to the Test“ in three or four paragraphs. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 在多数学校内，各类课程的测试似乎已取代了一般
2、的正常教学。 2很多人对此现象提出质疑，但收效甚微； “应试教育 ”趋势一时很难扭转。 3测试作为一个教学环节，也并非一无是处；有创见的学生不妨因势利导，将测试作为推动学习的一种手段。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For q
3、uestions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Changing our Understanding of Health A The concept of
4、health holds different meanings for different people and groups. These meanings of health have also changed over time. This change is no more evident than in Western society to day, when notions of health and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways. B For much of recent Wester
5、n history. Health has been viewed in the physical sense only. That is, good health has been connected to the smooth mechanical operation of the body, while ill health has been attributed to a breakdown in this machine. Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is
6、 seen in medical terms. According to this view, creating health for people means providing medical care to treat or prevent disease and illness. During this period, there was an emphasis on providing clean water, improved sanitation and housing. In the late 1940s the World Health Organization challe
7、nged this physically and medically oriented view of health. They stated that “health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease“ (WHO, 1946). Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind/body/spirit) and not just in physical term
8、s. C The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasizing the importance of the lifestyle and behavior of the individual. Specific behaviors which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. C
9、reating health meant providing not only medical health care, but health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviors and lifestyles. While this individualistic healthy lifestyles approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society), people experie
10、ncing poverty, unemployment, underemployment or little control over the conditions of their daily lives benefited little from this approach. This was largely because both the healthy lifestyles approach and the medical approach to health largely ignored the social and environmental conditions affect
11、ing the health of people. D During the 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which pe
12、ople live. This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health. The broad socio-ecological view of health was endorsed at the first International Conference of Health Promotion held in 1986, Ottawa, Canada, where people from 38 countries agreed and declared that: The fundamen
13、tal conditions and resources for health are peace, shelter, education, food, a viable income, a stable eco-system, sustainable resources, social justice and equity. Improvement in health requires a secure foundation in these basic requirements. (WHO, 1986) It is clear from this statement that the cr
14、eation of health is about much more than encouraging healthy individual behaviors and lifestyles and providing appropriate medical care. Therefore, the creation of health must include addressing issues such as poverty, pollution, urbanization, natural resource depletion, social alienation and poor w
15、orking conditions. The social, economic and environmental contexts which contribute to the creation of health do not operate separately or independently of each other. Rather, they are interacting and interdependent, and it is the complex interrelationships between them which determine the condition
16、s that promote health. A broad socio-ecological of health suggest that the promotion of health must include a strong social, economic and environmental focus. E At the Ottawa Conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promotion based on the socio-ecological
17、view of health. This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. In exploring the scope of health promotion it states that: Good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quali
18、ty of life. Political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioral and biological factors can all favor health or be harmful to it. (WHO, 1986) The Ottawa Charter brings practical meaning and action to this broad notion of health promotion. It presents fundamental strategies and approaches
19、 in achieving health for all. The overall philosophy of health promotion which guides these fundamental strategies and approaches is one of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health (WHO, 1986). 2 Doctors have been instrumental in improving living standards in Western soci
20、ety. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The approach to health during the 1970s included the introduction of health awareness programs. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The socio-ecological view of health recognizes that lifestyle habits and the provision of adequate health care are critical factors governing health. （
21、 A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The principles of the Ottawa Charter are considered to be out of date in the 1990s. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 In recent years a number of additional countries have subscribed to the Ottawa Charter. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Good health has been connected to the smooth mechanical o
22、peration of the body throughout the history. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The areas of social, economic and environmental relate to peoples health, according to the socio-ecological view of health. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The world Health Organization define in terms in terms of mental , physical and soc
23、ial well-being in the year of _. 10 _ benefited most from the healthy lifestyles approach to health. 11 During the period of _ lifestyle risks were seen as the major contributors to poor health. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At t
24、he end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answe
25、r. （ A） Shell be gone a long time. （ B） Shell be back shortly. （ C） She has too much to do. （ D） She is taking her time. （ A） She doesnt like the fishing industry. （ B） She is very tired. （ C） The fish is not fresh enough. （ D） She feels uncomfortable at work. （ A） The stories on television are not
26、always the same. （ B） Watching TV is more helpful than reading a newspaper. （ C） The newspaper may give different information. （ D） A combination of reading and listening is most effective. （ A） She will not make the decision for him. （ B） She doesnt want to give him any help. （ C） She will help him
27、 later. （ D） She will give him some advice. （ A） It was impossible for him to come to the party. （ B） He stayed home to study for his exam. （ C） Everybody was surprised by his attendance at the party. （ D） He had expected to come to the party for a long time. （ A） She cares more about grades than th
28、e man does. （ B） Grades are not important to her. （ C） Her senior project is more difficult for her. （ D） Her senior project is more important right now. （ A） She agrees that they met before. （ B） She is on her way to the seminar. （ C） She met Professor Dean at the mans office. （ D） She wants to mee
29、t the man at the seminar. （ A） Aunt Jane was excited. （ B） Aunt Jane was disappointed. （ C） Aunt Jane was angry. （ D） Aunt Jane was surprised. （ A） Because he was not interested in any job in the market. （ B） Because he is not skillful at computing. （ C） Because he is an English major. （ D） Because
30、the companies in the job market were looking for people good at English speaking. （ A） Because she is an English major. （ B） Because all the companies need people with other skills. （ C） Because she speaks English well and good at computing as well. （ D） Because her brother recommended her. （ A） Go
31、down to Guangzhou and work with her brother. （ B） Keep job-seeking in northern cities. （ C） Call her brother to teach him in import-export business. （ D） Join her in the same company. （ A） One needs to be careful with his goal. （ B） Sleep walkers lack goals for success. （ C） Success is impossible wi
32、thout a goal. （ D） Ones goal in lire is difficult to find. （ A） Acquiring a true sense of responsibility. （ B） Focusing on the desire to fulfill. （ C） Getting ready for the worst. （ D） Imagining objects to obtain and possess. （ A） Because he was thought to be aware of countless plane crashes. （ B） B
33、ecause he was believed to have liked bus-riding. （ C） Because he was thought to be nervous about flying. （ D） Because he was believed not to be able to pilot a plane. （ A） Happiness at different stages of life. （ B） The concept of happiness. （ C） Experiences of all kinds of happiness. （ D） How to fi
34、nd happiness. （ A） The man. （ B） The woman. （ C） Both of the two. （ D） Neither of them. （ A） He likes it too much to read it. （ B） He likes paperback edition. （ C） He thinks the hardback edition is too expensive. （ D） He waits the woman to buy it first. （ A） Because all the movies based on Tom Clanc
35、y books have been successful. （ B） Because there are complex characters in his books. （ C） Because all the people are crazy about his books. （ D） Because his chief character is a good, clean, honest family man. （ A） There are a lot of excitement and intrigue in his stories. （ B） People always keep u
36、p with the Joneses. （ C） People are richer than before and can afford the latest books. （ D） All of the above. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.
37、 After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） By turning ordinary ice into steam. （ B） By passing steam over dry ice. （ C） By heating dry ice. （ D） By mixing dry ice with ordinary ice. （ A） It takes a long time to melt. （ B） It is lighte
38、r to carry. （ C） It is not so cold as ordinary ice. （ D） It is cleaner to use than ordinary ice. （ A） Americans are considered to be the richest people in the world. （ B） Americans like to show foreigners how rich they are. （ C） Americans have one of the highest standards of living in the world. （ D
39、） Americans consider money to be the symbol of their political success. （ A） They become slaves of their possessions. （ B） They do not work hard any more. （ C） They are quite economical with their money. （ D） They cannot live without a TV, car, computer, etc. （ A） Ironic. （ B） Critical. （ C） Neutral
40、. （ D） Sympathetic. （ A） Thinking of money and what can be bought with money as most important. （ B） Thinking of money as more important than the things it can buy. （ C） Thinking of things as more important than money. （ D） Thinking of values as more important than money and the things it can buy. S
41、ection C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words y
42、ou have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 The word laser stands for “light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation“. To many people
43、 lasers are very【 B1】 _, but a laser is simply a【 B2】 _that produces a very strong light. The light from a laser is called【 B3】 _light because it is light that moves in only one direction. In contrast, incoherent light, like the light form the sun or a light【 B4】 _, moves away from its【 B5】 _in all
44、directions and【 B6】 _in a narrow beam. As soon as the laser was developed, scientists began thinking of practical【 B7】_for it. One of the earliest uses was to make extremely【 B8】_measurements of distance and speed. As time passed, many more applications for the laser were developed.【 B9】 _.From lase
45、r printers to technology by which whole encyclopedias of information can be stored on a laser disk (called a CD-ROM) and read by a computer, lasers are revolutionizing computers. Lasers have also made a big difference in the way telephones work. Instead of changing sound waves to electricity that tr
46、avels through copper wire,【 B10】 _One such fiber can carry more than a million conversations at the same time! 【 B11】 _. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You
47、 are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line t
48、hrough the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 The story of the【 S1】 _Titanic continues to【 S2】 _people today partly because of the 1998 Hollywood movies, Titanic. People are also still interested because of the discovery of where the Titanic lies at the bottom of
49、 the Atlantic Ocean. 1986, Robert Ballard and a group of scientists【 S3】 _the resting place of the Titanic【 S4】 _12,000 feet, or 3,647 meters, of water in north Atlantic. Since Ballards discovery of the resting place of the Titanic, a number of scientific and commercial【 S5】 _have visited the site, and more than 8,000 artifacts (史前古器 ) have been taken from the【 S6】 _ ship. These artifacts include jewelry, dishes and glasses, and many other th
