1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 916及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Killing Time Indoors 1现在有不少人业余时间喜欢 “宅 ”在家里 2人们对这种做法有不同看法 3我的看法 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attach
2、ed to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Animals on the Move It looked
3、like a scene from “Jaws“ but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was lowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock. Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the sharks skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transform
4、ed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed t
5、hem. Soon the action was over. Moving to Survive In pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals. Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new
6、territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking. Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to
7、 as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed
8、 study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. In their study the scientists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks movements and analyzed. Studies wer
9、e also made of shark skin and muscle. Skin Is the Key The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animals high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fi
10、bers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxe
11、d. The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming. During the bodys back and forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is rel
12、eased when the sharks body snaps back the other way. As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animals body, the tail whips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet. Source of Energy What causes the fibers to sto
13、re so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the sharks similarity to a belted radial tire doesnt stop with the skin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the sharks collagen “radials“. Instead of air pressure, however
14、, the pressure in the shark may be due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers. When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking aro
15、und for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place. The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored. This energy is then t
16、ransferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable. Dolphin Has Speed Record Another fast marine animal is the dolphin. This seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the
17、shark, the animals efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin. A dolphins skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the water flowing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flo
18、w is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish. This turbulence muses friction and slows the fish down. In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water. The waves, in effect, become tucked into t
19、he skins folds. This allows the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow. Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid speeds, the dolphin can race through the water at record breaking speeds. Other Animals Less Efficient Not all animals move as efficiently as shark
20、s and dolphins. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug. The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy trail over which it crawls. It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only
21、one twelfth as much energy. Scientists say that because of the slugs inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind o
22、f problem? 2 According to the passage, a shark can use movement to do something except_. （ A） to find food （ B） to avoid being chased by its enemies （ C） to find a new place to live （ D） to show its braveness 3 Examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines are used to show that_. （ A） humans are t
23、he most clever living creatures in the world （ B） human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of environment （ C） humans are very successful in inventing transportation tools （ D） humans cant move like other animals in any circumstances 4 What is the key to the sharks swift locomotion in
24、 water? （ A） The skin. （ B） The tail. （ C） The muscle. （ D） The jaw. 5 According to the Duke University scientists, when does the shark stretch its collagen fibers to the greatest extent? （ A） When moving its tail rapidly. （ B） When finding its preys. （ C） When staying without any movement. （ D） Whe
25、n bending its body in swimming. 6 Why is the area just under the sharks collagen fibers similar to a belted radial tire? （ A） Because it is also full of blood pressure. （ B） Because it is also filled with air pressure. （ C） Because it is also inflated by pressure. （ D） Because it also can be used ag
26、ain and again. 7 A laminar flow is formed when a fish swims_. （ A） slowly through the water （ B） rapidly through the water （ C） against the current （ D） at the fastest speed in water 8 Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travels long as it_. （ A） one twelfth times （ B） t
27、he same （ C） 12 times （ D） 1.2 times 9 A shark finds its prey by_. 10 According to the passage,_can be compared to the string of a bow for both of them store energy when stretched. 11 When the shark detects an important food source,_take place. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8
28、short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked
29、 A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Secretary and boss. （ B） Client and lawyer. （ C） Student and teacher. （ D） Patient and nurse. （ A） That the man will not be able to sleep. （ B） That someone will enter the back door while the man is sleeping. （ C） That the lock on the door wi
30、ll break. （ D） That the man will not be able to come back. （ A） 16. （ B） 12. （ C） 4. （ D） 2. （ A） The Best of Jazz. （ B） Christmas Carols. （ C） Classical Favorites. （ D） Rock Music Collection. （ A） It is closed. （ B） 9 A.M. to 5 P. M. （ C） 12 noon to 9 P.M. （ D） 9 A. M. to 12 noon. （ A） Gensen （ B）
31、Jensen （ C） Jinsin （ D） Ginsin （ A） At Sun Valley. （ B） At the health center. （ C） At home. （ D） At work. （ A） 8. （ B） 7. （ C） 4. （ D） 3.50. （ A） He didnt pass an exam. （ B） He took a make-up exam and failed. （ C） He waited in a long line for the cable car. （ D） He went to the beach and enjoyed it t
32、here. （ A） Go skiing with the woman. （ B） Go to the beach and enjoy the sunlight. （ C） Stay at home and study philosophy. （ D） Go to the beach with the woman. （ A） At home. （ B） At a ski resort. （ C） At the seaside. （ D） In the classroom. （ A） A digital camera （ B） A TV （ C） A stereo （ D） A DVD play
33、er （ A） She wants to buy things at a discount using the card. （ B） She hopes to establish a good credit rating. （ C） She doesnt want to borrow money from her parents. （ D） She is not going to pay off her credit card bill. （ A） People generally have a difficult time getting out of debt. （ B） Students
34、 often apply for more credit cards than they need. （ C） The interest rates on student cards are very high. （ D） Students can come up with a budget due to credit cards. （ A） She hopes that someone will give her the money. （ B） She plans on getting rid of her student credit cards. （ C） She is going to
35、 return the items she purchased on the card. （ D） She is going to find a better paying job to cover her expenses. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only on
36、ce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Microwaves are strange electric waves. （ B） Microwaves travel in straight lines and do not follow the curve of the earths surface. （ C） There are not any wires to send microwaves. （ D） We
37、must amplify microwaves in relay stations. （ A） From the starting point back to the earth. （ B） Several hundred kilometers. （ C） A certain height. （ D） About 50 kilometers. （ A） White apple blossom. （ B） White peach blossom. （ C） White pear blossom. （ D） White plum blossom. （ A） A joke played on the
38、 April Fools Day. （ B） A harmless joke intended to trick people. （ C） An American joke. （ D） A joke in college newspapers. （ A） A Russian submarine appeared near the campus. （ B） A park would be used to park cars. （ C） A new park would be built on the campus. （ D） A Russian jet fighter was seen. （ A
39、） He described it in a realistic way. （ B） He was very imaginative. （ C） His tone was calm. （ D） He never told jokes. （ A） One. （ B） Two. （ C） Three. （ D） Four. （ A） To move muscles. （ B） To early different messages. （ C） To protect the nerves. （ D） To control nerve cells. （ A） A writer. （ B） A lect
40、urer. （ C） A scientist. （ D） A doctor. （ A） The function of brain. （ B） The function of nerve cells. （ C） The five senses. （ D） The chemical processes. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully
41、 for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the
42、 exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 The need for birth control methods has developed fairly【 B1】 _, with the desire among many women to be able to【 B2】 _ when they want to have a baby. At the same time there is a growing【 B3】 _of the problem of a rapidly increasing world population
43、. This problem of a【 B4】 _world population is largely the result of【 B5】 _medical skills, which have【 B6】 _the death rate and at the same time raised the birth rate by increasing live births and the number of babies who【 B7】 _early childhood. There is a growing【 B8】 _that food production cannot keep
44、 pace with these increase, the result of which is that in some countries people are already starving to death. This problem is further complicated by the fact that in places like America and Europe we obtain by trade and consume far more food and resources like oil than, say, the average Indian,【 B9
45、】 _. World population is rising at a rate of two percent a year; this means an addition of 70 million people a year to the present population of more than 3,500 million.【 B10】 _. The fastest growing region is Latin America which includes South and Central America and the Caribbean, while Africa and
46、Asia closely follow Latin America. However, the largest absolute addition to the world population is in Asia【 B11】 _ 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are
47、 required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line throu
48、gh the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 48 The United States has historically had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current 【 S1】 _ marriage rate in the United Statesabout 9 new marriages for every 1,000 people in a yearis
49、substantially higher than-it is in other industrialized countries. However, marriage is no longer as 【 S2】 _ as it was several decades ago. The proportion of American adults who are married 【 S3】 _ from 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent in 2002. This does not mean that large numbers of people will remain 【 S4】 _ throughout their lives. Throughout the 20th century, about, 90 percent of Americans married at some peri
