1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 982及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Post-90s Generations Network Life. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1 90后是伴随互联网成长的一代 2在网上的自我表达形式多种多样，如：社交网站、微博、火星文 (Martian language)等
2、 3我的看法 Post-90s Generations Network Life 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agr
3、ees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Work-life Balance: Flex Appeal Georgina Blizzard and Nicky Imrie decided they needed to find a more flexib
4、le working pattern when they became mothers. Having had jobs in public relations, which involved long hours and a lot of pressure, they felt their old style of working would not suit their new responsibilities and decided to find a way to make the work they enjoyed fit in with their changed lives. T
5、hey launched the PR Network in 2005, when Blizzards eldest daughter, Isabella was just three months old. Both women work a three-day week, and built the running of the company around the sort of flexibility they needed. They offer the same level of flexibility to the freelance(自由职业的 )associates, mat
6、ching companies of all sizes looking for freelance support with workers with the right skill set who are happy to take on contracts that fit in with their preferred pattern of hours. While technology now enables many workers to do their thing from anywhere, at any time, recently developed forms of “
7、extremely flexible“ working are providing a way into the workplace for more people with lifestyles that cant easily accommodate a regular working pattern. Shaking up the workplace does not just help individuals. Wingham Rowan, founder of Slivers-of-Time, a social enterprise that has devised a system
8、 allowing people to sell their available working time through an online marketplace, believes extremely flexible working could hold the key to a brighter future for employment in the UK. “We have to start thinking in terms of work, not jobs,“ says Rowan. Slivers-of-Time developed a web-based system
9、to allow people to sell their time online to employers in tiny blocks of two hours or more, on days that suit them. More geared up for in-house staff than home workers, Slivers workers post their CV and their availability and employers can book them to cover busy periods or do a temporary piece of w
10、ork. Ideal for carers, parents and anyone who wanted to use a few spare hours to earn money but found it difficult to hold down a regular job with one employer because of personal commitments, it was awarded government funding as a means to tackle worklessness. “The system has been particularly embr
11、aced by smaller companies,“ says Rowan. Smaller firms erjoy the opportunity to take on workers to cover small bits of time, minimising costs and enabling them to cover busy periods. “There is an office supplies company that knows the best time to call potential buyers is between certain times on a T
12、uesday and Wednesday, so it books staff to cover those times. Then theres a T-shirt printing company that books extra staff if they have a big order to fulfil. And the City of London has found that library inquiries are busier during the school holidays, so it takes on staff to cover those periods.“
13、 The model works well for small companies, but Slivers now has a number of large household names using its system. Helen Turner, recruitment and development manager for John Lewis in Cambridge, used Slivers-of-Time to cover the extremely busy Christmas period. “Slivers-of-Time meant we could cover g
14、aps as small as two hours,“ Turner says. “Once they were hired they worked various hours across the week, depending on their circumstances. We were able to call on extra resources quickly and they supported our partners.“ She says many of the staff were students, while some were carers, and the flex
15、ible model suited both the store and the staff well. Flexible hiring also works well for another household name, Adobe, which uses PR Networks associates to support its existing analyst relations team. Timothy Brook, senior manager of analyst relations at Adobe, says: “We were looking for skilled, k
16、nowledgeable and motivated individuals who could work without the day-to-day management or direction often required by an agency model, and who could work directly with senior management within Adobe in the UK on a number of projects.“ PR Network is in the enviable position of having grown during a
17、recession, but although the downturn has pushed a higher number of people into self-employment, organisations involved in flexible working practices say it cant take all the credit. Xenios Thrasyvoulou, founder of PeoplePerHour(PPH), an online service that allows freelance workers to bid for contrac
18、ts offered by businesses, says the movement towards extremely flexible working for all skill levels was already under way when the recession took hold. PPH was launched in 2007, and now has 35,000 freelancers registered on its books, and 43,000 businesses, mostly small. Thrasyvoulou says the changes
19、 in working practice are “not just a recessionary effect“. “What is happening is a longer-term trend which has been accelerated by the recession, and one that is led by small businesses which are always more creative.“ Both the public sector and small businesses in the private sector are moving towa
20、rds flexible styles of working, according to Andy Lake, editor of the online journal flexibility.co.uk. “In the public sector, more and more contractors are being taken on,“ Lake says. “Theres evidence that things are working in different ways. In the private sector, the biggest growth area is small
21、 businesses, which are keen to grow turnover but not personnel.“ Even larger firms echo this opinion. As Adobes Brook says: “Due to the uncertain economy, we wanted the ability to dial up and dial down our commitment based on available budgets and levels of work.“ This “flexing up and down“ of the w
22、orkforce may be key to the future of industry, opening doors for more people to pursue extremely flexible styles of working. According to the Confederation of British Businesss Shape of Business report, published last November, organisations will increasingly “move to a new employment model where th
23、e core of permanent staff is smaller and a greater number of freelancers, consultants and temporary workers are used“. All in all, its good news for people hoping for greater control of their work-life balance. “More organisations have adopted flexible working practices as a way of saving jobs durin
24、g the recession,“ says Gillian Nissim, founder of Workingmums.co.uk. “We hope this will not just be a stop-gap measure to save money but will bring lasting changes to the UKs working culture, making it easier for women and men to balance work and family life and giving employers the diverse and comm
25、itted workforce they need to thrive.“ 2 Why Blizzard and Imrie considered their former working pattern not suitable for them after they became mothers? （ A） They were too busy to work. （ B） They didnt enjoy the work any more. （ C） They often had to work long hours. （ D） That style of working was too
26、 flexible. 3 Silvers-of-Time is an online marketplace that _. （ A） allows users to sell their goods （ B） brings a bright future for job market （ C） provides full-time job vacancies （ D） offers flexible jobs to freelancers 4 The UK government offered financial assistance to Silvers-of-Time so as to _
27、. （ A） deal with the economy recession （ B） promote flexible working pattern （ C） support small private businesses （ D） decrease the unemployment rate 5 Whats the benefit of hiring temporary workers for small companies? （ A） They can cover the busiest time with minimum cost. （ B） They can make 24-ho
28、ur non-stop operation possible. （ C） Theyll free full-time employees from overwork. （ D） Theyll be able to compete with household names. 6 What kind of people are Adobe looking for in PR Network? （ A） Members in a new professional analyst relations team. （ B） Those who are willing to work permanentl
29、y in Adobe. （ C） Knowledgeable and motivated part-time workers. （ D） Senior managers who can work on a number of projects. 7 PR Network may be envied because _. （ A） it is awarded government funding （ B） it cooperates with some household names （ C） it has grown even in economic downturn （ D） it gets
30、 credit for fighting unemployment 8 Xenios Thrasyvoulou, the founder of PeoplePerHour, believes that_. （ A） most job hunters in PPH are unskillful freelancers （ B） small businesses are the pioneers of flexible working （ C） the trend towards flexible working will vanish soon （ D） the economy recessio
31、n is a block to flexible working 9 According to the passage, the key to the future of industry lies in “_“ of the workforce. 10 The Confederation of British Businesss Shape of Business report showed that organisations will increase the number of temporary workers while cutting _. 11 Gillian Nissim h
32、opes that the flexible working practice would bring_staff to employers. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questio
33、ns will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She wants to invite the man to Boston. （ B） She prefers to have dinner at her own home. （ C） She cannot join in the
34、 dinner with the man. （ D） She would rather try a dinner of another style. （ A） At a hospital. （ B） In a car. （ C） On a plane. （ D） At home. （ A） She will go back home soon. （ B） She needs help from the man. （ C） She feels bad about the delay. （ D） She wants to cancel the flight. （ A） Jenny is not a
35、n acquaintance of the womans. （ B） The mans sister doesnt like Jenny at all. （ C） Jenny doesnt want to come to the party. （ D） The woman doesnt like the way Jenny talks. （ A） The man doesnt like the coat except for its color. （ B） The man doesnt like the coat, especially its color. （ C） The man like
36、s the coat but not the color. （ D） The man likes the coat, particularly the color. （ A） The man should take her words seriously. （ B） She is regretful the man recovers too slowly. （ C） The man should not drink much when he is ill. （ D） She is unhappy for not being invited to the Smiths. （ A） He has
37、been working outdoors lately. （ B） Hed like to get some exercise on weekend. （ C） He is a good tennis player. （ D） He rarely uses his computer. （ A） Her classmate. （ B） Her teacher. （ C） Her boss. （ D） Her colleague. （ A） Where to celebrate the anniversary. （ B） The best style of dinner. （ C） Doing
38、something different. （ D） Which restaurant is best. （ A） Its cheaper than others. （ B） It serves delicious food. （ C） There are fewer people eating there. （ D） Its a large restaurant. （ A） A new French restaurant. （ B） A Chinese restaurant. （ C） A Western restaurant. （ D） A Japanese restaurant. （ A）
39、 She cant have a break again. （ B） The tires of her car are broken. （ C） She cant sell her car in the shop. （ D） Her car is being repaired again. （ A） He is incapable of repairing old cars. （ B） He may overcharge her for the repairing. （ C） He may make an incorrect estimate. （ D） He doesnt know much
40、 about cars. （ A） Offer the woman a ride home. （ B） Write the homework for the woman. （ C） Drive the woman back to campus. （ D） Recommend a new car mechanic to the woman. （ A） Move back to live on campus. （ B） Leave alone those troubles. （ C） Pay a visit to the dormitory. （ D） Move to live near the
41、campus. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
42、 （ A） In 766 B.C. （ B） In 776 B.C. （ C） In 676 B.C. （ D） In 667 B.C. （ A） To display the ancient Greek civilization. （ B） To let more nations and athletes to take part in. （ C） To present the worlds most important athletic contests. （ D） To refresh the ideals of excellence of body, mind, and spirit.
43、 （ A） Any qualified athlete can enter for the game freely. （ B） It is organized by the International Olympic Committee. （ C） It has been held every four years since it was revived. （ D） Any nation can enter a team in the Games unconditionally. （ A） Smoke. （ B） Tar. （ C） Nicotine. （ D） Ashes. （ A） Th
44、ey feel nervous when not smoking. （ B） They have nothing to do when not smoking. （ C） They feel no taste in their mouths without cigarettes. （ D） They dont know how to establish new contacts without cigarettes. （ A） The better taste that is less addictive. （ B） The reduced risk to their health. （ C）
45、 The higher status they symbolize. （ D） The less smoke they give out. （ A） The changing of weather. （ B） The health of teenagers. （ C） Energy drinks and their nutrition. （ D） The danger of energy drinks. （ A） Protein. （ B） Calcium. （ C） Zinc. （ D） Vitamin. （ A） Students and housewives. （ B） Athletes
46、 and trainers. （ C） Young people and busy people. （ D） Singers and teachers. （ A） Cautious. （ B） Supportive. （ C） Opposed. （ D） Relieved. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its gener
47、al idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words y
48、ou have just heard or write down the 36 During the nineteenth century, when little was known about environmentalism and conservation, it was common to hear people in Europe and America say that the resources of the sea were unlimited. They believed the world and nature would【 B1】_ reproduce all the
49、resources they would need. For example, a【 B2】_biologist writing in the mid-nineteenth century【 B3】 _that none of the great sea fisheries were to be【 B4】 _. Today, though, there is evidence that the resources of the sea are seriously endangered. 【 B5】 _, environmentalists have focused their attention on the land and air. Recently, however, they are beginning to discover that the resources of the sea are in as much danger. The list of endangered【 B6】 _now
