1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 235及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Directions： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the following condition You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words Suppose you are a part time worker in a restaurant Recently， you ast
2、onishingly found that new customers had been stable and failed to witness a sharp increase Please write a short letter to the manager of the restaurant to 1 make clear about your writing purpose； 2 deliver one or two pieces of your suggestions Section A （ A） After the cabinet has reviewed it. （ B） A
3、fter the U. S. troops have pulled out. （ C） After all parties have agreed on it. （ D） After they returned from Mecca. （ A） By mid-2011. （ B） By the end of 2009. （ C） By mid-2009. （ D） By the end of 2011. （ A） To set up a moon colony by 2020. （ B） To send astronauts back to the moon by 2020. （ C） To
4、continue the current shuttle missions till 2020. （ D） To create more jobs for NASA till 2020. （ A） There were more important space missions. （ B） The space agency lacked technology for the programme . （ C） The current shuttle missions would continue. （ D） Congress failed to pass President Obamas bud
5、get. （ A） Electricity shortage. （ B） Food shortage. （ C） The heavy burden of studies. （ D） Overtime exposure to sunlight. （ A） 1 hour. （ B） 2 hours. （ C） 3 hours. （ D） 2.5 hours. （ A） Students in South East-Asia have great pressure in study. （ B） Genetic factors in visual impairment and blindness. （
6、 C） Students in South East-Asia should spend more time outdoors. （ D） The reason why students in South East-Asia have pressure. Section B （ A） A vacation trip to Yellowstone Park. （ B） A lecture by a visiting professor. （ C） Her biology thesis. （ D） A research project on Yellowstone Park. （ A） More
7、buffalo are surviving the winter. （ B） Fewer buffalo are dying of disease. （ C） More buffalo are being born. （ D） Fewer buffalo are being killed by hunters. （ A） She is from Wyoming and eager to visit Yellowstone Park. （ B） She needs the money to continue her studying. （ C） She has been studying ani
8、mal diseases. （ D） Her thesis adviser is heading the project. （ A） A month. （ B） Two weeks. （ C） A semester. （ D） The whole summer. （ A） She knew about it by reading a booklet. （ B） She knew about it by reading a student union introduction. （ C） She knew about it by reading a newspaper. （ D） She kne
9、w about it by reading a magazine. （ A） Because they want to preserve the natural beauty of the campus. （ B） Because they want to protect the students right for living space. （ C） Because they want to conserve the place for future use. （ D） Because they want to sell the place for a better price. （ A）
10、 They will organize a meeting to discuss a proposal. （ B） They will organize a protest to express their opposition. （ C） They will organize an appeal-letter signing activity. （ D） They will organize a march around the campus. （ A） She will participate in the protest. （ B） She will sign the appeal le
11、tter. （ C） She will take part in a meeting of the Student Action Union. （ D） She will attend her class as usual. Section C （ A） Requesting ones business card directly. （ B） Accepting ones card but not continuing contact with him. （ C） Putting ones business card in the card file. （ D） Refusing a requ
12、est for your business card directly. （ A） Say “Thank you.“ and put it away. （ B） Say “Thank you.“ and examine it briefly. （ C） Say “Thank you.“ and put it in your card file. （ D） Say “Thank you.“ and pass it to your secretary. （ A） To recall someones name and title. （ B） To arrange the next meeting.
13、 （ C） To record the meeting one is attending. （ D） To promote understanding between businessmen. （ A） How to face misfortune. （ B） How to make your self-talk positive. （ C） How to keep a positive attitude. （ D） How to face success. （ A） We can imagine we are a sport professional. （ B） We can imagine
14、 our cause. （ C） We can imagine a beautiful picture. （ D） We can imagine the outcome that we want. （ A） We should try to talk with ourselves. （ B） We should think about people that can help us. （ C） We should try to draw on a positive imagination. （ D） We should put down several positive sentences.
15、（ A） The former CEO. （ B） The CEOs rivals. （ C） The CEO himself. （ D） The employees. （ A） Sales dropped. （ B） There were serious product problems. （ C） Things went along very well. （ D） The new CEO had to be fired. （ A） Hold a press conference. （ B） Blame the former CEO. （ C） Ask for more employees.
16、 （ D） Reorganize. （ A） More envelopes should be prepared. （ B） He should write more letters. （ C） He should care about his employees. （ D） He should consider resigning. Section A 26 For over three decades Intel has been providing Semi-conductor chips for computer hardware makers around the world. In
17、tels chips have been【 C1】 _ many computers for years both Macs and PCs. But, since tablet computers hit the marketthe trend has shifted towards the small, mobile devices while sales of desktop computers【 C2】 _ . Earlier this year, Intel introduced a new genre of laptops called “ ultra-book convertib
18、le laptops“. Intel Marketing Associate Mike Fard explains, “This year its all about touch, we have touch computers based on Windows 8 running the Intel【 C3】 _ , but even more exciting than just touch, is the ultra-book convertible. What that means is that you have a standard laptop that converts int
19、o a tablet and we have multiple designs that【 C4】 _ this capability of going from a tablet to a laptop. This is one from Lenovo; we also have one from Dell.“ Intel has【 C5】 _ a technology called “ Ivy Bridge“ on its new line of chips【 C6】 _ reduces power consumption【 C7】 _ . This newest generation o
20、f laptops is sure to be a【 C8】 _ with consumers, with lower prices than before. Earlier thin laptops were in the $1 000 price range. The ultra-book convertible【 C9】 _ , is expected to sell for around $600 making it more【 C10】 _ against regular tablet PCs. A) drop F) running K) however B) managed G)
21、processors L) decreasing C) adopted H) hit M) feature D) core I) dramatically N) applied E) competitive J) competent O) which 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 7 Secret Tests of Attraction A) Youre a smart, attractive person. So y
22、ou wouldnt be surprised if one of your friends got the hots (迷恋 ) for you and then started acting all kinds of crazy. Your love-struck friend will wonder if you feel the same way, and will probably dream up subtle tests to find out. They could save themselves some effort by quickly surveying the sci
23、entific literature, though, because they will almost certainly be following one of seven well-trodden paths. B) In a classic study led by Leslie Baxter at Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Oregon, and William Wilmot at the University of Montana, Missoula, a team of researchers interviewed 90 unde
24、rgraduate students about their relationships with people of the opposite sex. The interviewees admitted to a total of 158 “calculated acquisition strategies“ or secret tests that they hoped would reveal how a fancied friend felt about them. Many of the tests were pretty similar, so Baxter and Wilmot
25、 were able to boil them down to just seven categories. Read on to see how infuriating, and downright calculating, friends can become in the pursuit of a relationship upgrade. 1. Endurance C) This is most common type of test. In this category, the love-struck friend does their best to test the other
26、persons feelings by fishing for compliments or demanding helpespecially if it comes at a cost to the other. A classic endurance strategy is the self-put-down. As one respondent recalled: “He was really getting down on himself, saying he wasnt a very capable or nice person. He said it to get me to co
27、mpliment him and verbalize how much I thought of him.“ D) Another type of endurance test is called forced choice, in which your friend wants to see if you will drop everything for them. “ She came to where I work out and said that she was really depressed but didnt want to bother me,“ said one man i
28、n his interview. “She really wanted to see if I would stop what I was doing and show my concern, indicating how much I care for her.“ E) Finally, enamored (迷恋的 ) friends will behave like spoiled brats (小孩 ) , pushing their friends buttons to see how much mistreatment they will put up with without co
29、mplaining will you still like them even when theyre being a pain? 2. Triangulation F) The second most popular type of test was dubbed the triangle; because it relies on the age-old saying “threes a crowd“. Some people engineer “fidelity checks“ , especially if the relationship has already strayed be
30、yond the platonic (柏拉图式 ). One of the interviewees wanted to test if her boyfriend was as keen as she was. “I would intentionally leave him alone with my roommate and then ask him when I returned what have the two of you been up to? If he acted uncomfortable, I would know that he wasnt faithful or a
31、t least that he was thinking about being unfaithful to me.“ G) Others employ jealousy tests: “I tested her limits by going out with other women and making sure that she found out about it. I wanted to know what kind of relationship commitment she wanted,“ said one man. 3. Hint H) Then there are the
32、indirect suggestion tests: joking about serious feelings, hinting or getting increasingly intimate with bodily contact. “ When we were just becoming romantic, he kept getting more and more bold with his touching first his arm around my shoulder, then moving in real close, etc. He was waiting to see
33、if I would tell him when to stop as a sign of how much I liked him,“ said one interviewee. 4. Miss me? I) Distance is supposed to make the heart grow fonder, and indeed physical separation is a common test. One respondent admitted: “ To see if our relationship was really strong I tested it. by going
34、 overseas for a few months.“ J) If you have felt like you didnt want to be the first to call, you could be using another separation test called initiation induction. “When I returned from Switzerland, he didnt call me even though he knew exactly when I was returning. He wanted to see if I still felt
35、 the same way about him by calling him first,“ one woman recalls. 5. Heart to heart K) The directness test is really the opposite of a secret strategy. Far more popular with men than women, it involves either asking a person straight out how they feel. L) You can also speak openly about yourself in
36、the hope your love interest will too. “I was having trouble getting him to open up to me about his family and his background,“ one woman said, “so I started talking about my folks and sisters, hoping that he would reciprocate (互换 ) and tell me about himself as a sign that he trusted me and wanted me
37、 to know more about him.“ 6. Inside information M) Ever tried to find out from someones friends whether they might have a crush on you? Then you have employed what Baxter and Wilmot aptly call asking third party tests. It might sound like playground behaviors, but grown-ups do it too. 7. Hijacking N
38、) Most cringeworthy (令人不舒服的 ) of all are public presentation tests, which basically involve backing your friend into a corner, in public. As one woman put it, “I intentionally introduced him as my boyfriend to my best friend who came to visit and then watched how he reacted you know, did he seem emb
39、arrassed?“ O) It is probably a good thing these tests are the least common of all. If youre on the receiving end, while waiting for the ground to swallow you up, this might be the moment when you see your friend in a whole new light just not the way they hoped. 37 In order to test other persons pati
40、ence and feeling for you, you can deliberately ask him/her to say some praise words. 38 Seven categories are used to help you test the feeling of a fancied friend about you. 39 You can use asking third party tests to know whether the person fell violently in love with you. 40 Whether he can stop wha
41、t he is doing and show his concern for you may indicate how much he care for you in a certain degree. 41 You can also try to use some indirect ways to test whether he might have a crush on you. 42 Some people design a test to check the loyalty especially if the relationship has deviated from their i
42、deal mode. 43 Separation test can be used to test whether the relationship is really strong. 44 Directness test are popular with men, who prefer to ask a person straightly. 45 Some people may take the initiative to say their own story in order to get other people to open up to them. 46 Besides self-
43、put-down, forced choice is another way to test endurance. Section C 46 The planet is getting lusher, and we are responsible. Carbon dioxide generated by human activity is stimulating photosynthesis (光合作用 ) and causing a beneficial greening of the Earths surface. For the first time, researchers claim
44、 to have shown that the increase in plant cover is due to this “CO2 fertilization effect“ rather than other causes. However, it remains unclear whether the effect can counter any negative consequences of global warming, such as the spread of deserts. Recent satellite studies have shown that the plan
45、et is harboring more vegetation overall, but pinning down the cause has been difficult. Factors such as higher temperatures, extra rainfall, and an increase in atmospheric CO2 which helps plants use water more efficiently could all be boosting vegetation. To home in on the effect of CO2, Randall Don
46、ohue of Australias national research institute, the CSIRO in Canberra, monitored vegetation at the edges of deserts in Australia, southern Africa, the US Southwest, North Africa, the Middle East and central Asia. These are regions where there is ample warmth and sunlight, but only just enough rainfa
47、ll for vegetation to grow, so any change in plant cover must be the result of a change in rainfall patterns or CO2levels, or both. If CO2 levels were constant, then the amount of vegetation per unit of rainfall ought to be constant, too. However, the team found that this figure rose by 11 per cent i
48、n these areas between 1982 and 2010, mirroring the rise in CO2( Geophysical Research Letters, doi. org/mqx). Donohue says this lends “strong support“ to the idea that CO2 fertilization drove the greening. Climate change studies have predicted that many dry areas will get drier and that some deserts
49、will expand. Donohues findings make this less certain. However, the greening effect may not apply to the worlds driest regions. Beth Newingham of the University of Idaho, Moscow, recently published the result of a 10-year experiment involving a greenhouse set up in the Mojave Desert of Nevada. She found “no sustained increase in biomass“ when extra CO2 was pumped into the greenhouse. “You cannot assume that all these deserts respond the same,“ she says. “Enough water needs to be
