1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 77及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Key to Being Useful following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1有些人认为成才的关键是个人能力 2有些人认为成才的关键是外部机遇 3我的观点 The K
2、ey to Being Useful Section A （ A） Because her necklace was stolen. （ B） Because her necklace was a fake. （ C） Because her necklace could not be found. （ D） Because her necklace was sold at a low price. （ A） Scolding the man. （ B） Comforting the man. （ C） Helping the man repair the car. （ D） Helping
3、the man escape from the accident. （ A） Heavy casualties were caused by the flood. （ B） The food prices have rised across the country. （ C） It is impossible to grow crops in the countryside any more. （ D） The food is in short in the whole country. （ A） He is a workaholic now. （ B） He has divorced his
4、 wife. （ C） He has changed a new job. （ D） He has changed his work style. （ A） Jazz. （ B） Blues. （ C） Rock and roll. （ D） Popular music. （ A） He will set the table later. （ B） He will ask Tom to set the table. （ C） The woman should set the table herself. （ D） The woman should ask Tom to set the tabl
5、e. （ A） Mute the phone. （ B） Call the customer service for help. （ C） Disable the incoming calls. （ D） Leave the phone in the dormitory. （ A） A landlord. （ B） A publisher. （ C） An operator. （ D） A real estate agent. （ A） Attend a business party. （ B） Go travelling to Shanghai. （ C） Go to Shanghai on
6、 business. （ D） Leave Shanghai for business. （ A） Because she will have a good time in Shanghai. （ B） Because everything on her trip has been arranged well. （ C） Because her assistant will come along with her. （ D） Because she has got an opportunity for promotion. （ A） Attending the negotiation meet
7、ing. （ B） Visiting some business partners. （ C） Visiting several tourist spots. （ D） Attending a trade exhibition. （ A） It is short. （ B） It is long. （ C） It is easy. （ D） It is tight. （ A） She agrees with dieting. （ B） She opposes dieting. （ C） She never cares about dieting. （ D） She has been on a
8、diet. （ A） Drinking soda is good for his health. （ B） He should drink much soda every day. （ C） Drinking soda has nothing to do with his weight. （ D） He could drink diet coke instead of soda. （ A） Because she is a learned person. （ B） Because she is writing a book on dieting. （ C） Because she was ev
9、er a fat person. （ D） Because she has ever learned something about dieting. Section B （ A） He threatened the recruiter. （ B） He lied about his age. （ C） He begged the recruiter. （ D） He bribed the recruiter. （ A） He drove an ambulance for a hospital. （ B） He served as the Honorary Chairman. （ C） He
10、worked in a shipping company. （ D） He served in the army as an officer. （ A） Because he has lived a remarkable life. （ B） Because he is the last American World War I veteran. （ C） Because he has lived a very long life. （ D） Because he has showed great patriotism and obligation to the country. （ A） B
11、ecause they want to earn more money. （ B） Because they need more animal protein of high-quality. （ C） Because they love animals. （ D） Because they try to balance the ecosystem. （ A） It urged people to improve the raising conditions. （ B） It helped people find the cure for bird flu. （ C） It made peop
12、le to rethink the relations between animal and human. （ D） It urged people to reduce the livestock production. （ A） Animal diseases have nothing to do with human health. （ B） Controlling animal diseases is bound to pose an economic threat. （ C） All animal diseases will cause a great deal of harm to
13、human. （ D） Policymakers should control animal diseases in a proper way. （ A） Because the demand for food is increasing. （ B） Because bad weather caused the threat of food shortage. （ C） Because the production of food decreased. （ D） Because the riots affected the price stabilization. （ A） The stand
14、ing water could destroy most of next years sugar crop. （ B） The flood has nothing to do with the rising price of fruits. （ C） The flood has affected the growth of fruits and vegetables. （ D） Queensland area will be infertile after the flood. （ A） To increase the price of wheat. （ B） To earn more fro
15、m exports. （ C） To make sure Russians have enough wheat. （ D） To boost the economy of Russia. （ A） Improve agricultural productivity. （ B） Interfere with the price of food. （ C） Make policies to control population. （ D） Invest more money to feed hungry people. Section C 26 President Richard Nixon us
16、ed to say that the first civil right of every American is the right to be free from domestic violence. That was 40 years ago, a time of civil【 B1】_and high crime. “Domestic violence“ really meant crimes between strangers. Now it means the【 B2】 _, with two recent reminders in the news. On February 12
17、, outside Buffalo, New York, Muzzammil Hassan, a well-known local businessman, told police that his wife was dead. Officers found Aasiya Zubair Hassan with her head【 B3】_The couple created the Bridges TV network, an effort to unite American Muslims and increase understanding across cultures. In the
18、days before her death, Aasiya Hassan had taken legal steps to divorce her husband. She had also【 B4】 _a restraining order demanding he stay away from her. Now he is【 B5】 _murder. Another case involved two popular young singers. On February 8, Los Angeles police【 B6】_Chris Brown after a fight that re
19、portedly left injuries on his girlfriend, Rihanna. No charges have yet been brought, but Chris Brown said in a statement that he was sorry and saddened over what happened. The Justice Department says domestic violence can【 B7】 _a pattern of abusive behavior used by one partner in any relationship to
20、 control another partner. It can be physical, sexual, emotional, or【 B8】 _abusecontrolling someones finances. Women are more likely to experience domestic violence, but men are also【 B9】 _And groups are working to bring more attention to abusive teenage relationships. Physical abuse is always a crim
21、e, but domestic violence laws differ from state to state. Legal【 B10】 _do not always cover all kinds of abuse, and abusers may simply change their method of exercising control to try to reduce their chances of getting caught. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35
22、 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 They were the Macbeths of information technology: a wicked couple who seized power and abused it in bloody and greedy ways. But in recent years, the story has【 C1】_Bill Gates, Microsofts founder, has retired to give away his billions. The “Wintel“ couple(short for “Wind
23、ows“ and “Intel“)are【 C2】 _seen as yesterdays, tyrants. Rumors【 C3】 _that a coup is brewing to oust Steve Ballmer, Microsofts current boss. Yet there is life in the old technologists. They still control the two most important standards in【 C4】 _: Windows, the operating system for most personal compu
24、ters, and “Intel Architecture,“ the set of rules governing how software【 C5】 _with the processor it runs on. More than 80 % of PCs still run on the “Wintel“ standard. Accordingly,【 C6】 _for Windows and PC chips, which flagged during the global recession, has【 C7】 _So have both firms results: to many
25、 peoples surprise, Microsoft announced a thumping(巨大的 )quarterly profit of $ 4.5 billion in July; Intel earned a(n) 【 C8】 _$2.9 billion. So now is a good time to take stock of ITs most hated power couple. As The Economist went to press, Intel was on track to reach a【 C9】 _with Americas Federal Trade
26、 Commission(FTC), which would in effect end the antitrust woes that have【 C10】 _both firms. And Microsoft has recently strengthened its ties with ARM, Intels new archrival(主要竞争对手 ). This suggests that the Wintel marriage is crumbling. A)changed F)impressive K)plagued B)computing G)increasingly L)rec
27、overed C)consider H)incredibly M)resolution D)demand I)interacts N)settlement E)desire J)persist O)various 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Is It Cheaper to Be a Woman or a Man? A)To celebrate the launch of gender equality in fin
28、ancial services, the Guardian explored other areas of spending to find out if theres discrimination- and after crunching the numbers found the cost of being a woman is(mildly unscientifically)6% more than a man. Clothes B)Some retailers charge different prices for near identical items, depending on
29、whether you are in the mens or the womens sections. You might think that mens clothes should cost more as they are likely to involve more material, and this is the case at some shopsat Uniqlo, for instance, skinny jeans are 5 more, a cashmere sweater 10 more. However, other retailers charge women mo
30、re: at Next, for example, you will pay 24 for a “supersoft robe“ dressing gown, while a mans is 22. Womens Levis jeans are 20 more than the 70 for mens 501s. Overall, where there was a difference, if you bought the same number of identical garments, you would pay more as a man. This seems to be born
31、e out by transaction data from Barclaycarcl which shows that amongst its customers, women spend an average of 59 a time on clothes, while for men it is 65. C)But across the course of a year, women do have a much bigger outlay(花费 ). The latest ONS(Office for National Statistics)survey on household sp
32、ending shows that in 2011 it was an average 244 a year on mens clothes, against an average of 458 on womens clothes. Womens shoes accounted for 109 a year, while mens cost 68. Mens accessories cost 10 a year, while womens 21. Add this all up and on average women are spending 588 a year on their ward
33、robes, while men are shelling out(花大笔钱 ) 322. Single-sex spending D)The ONS also has data for the cost of underwear and it may not be a surprise that household spending on womens underwear is higher, at an average of 57. 20 a year versus 26 for men. A trip to Marks & Spencer established that mens pa
34、nts cost more than knickers, but women face additional costs for tights and bras. A survey earlier this year suggested the average woman has nine bras in her underwear drawer even if you go for Marks & Spencers basic two-pack of white bras, that means an outlay of almost 70, and you will need to rep
35、lace them at some point. E)Another item women will have to buy purely because of their gender is sanitary products. The average woman has periods for at least 30 years of her life and the average cycle is 28 days, so she has 13 a year. Assuming her period lasts five days and she uses four sanitary t
36、owels a day, thats 260 a year. A packet of 26 Always Ultra costs 3. 85 in Boots, so that adds up to 38. 50 a year, or at least 1 155 over a lifetime. For tampons(assuming 20 cost 1.99)the outlay is likely to be around 776 over 30 years. F)For many women, the cost of make-up adds a considerable amoun
37、t each month. The ONS says 2.70 a week, or 140 a year, is spent on cosmetics. Men might argue that they need to buy razors(剃须刀 ), but so do many women and they tend to cost more. At Boots, a pack of 10 Wilkinson Sword razors aimed at the female market cost 4.39- 1.30 more than a similar product aime
38、d at men. The cost of living G)There are other costs that are dictated by nature. Women, for example, are advised to have an average calorie intake of 2 000 a day, while a man needs 2 500 to maintain his weight, so men need 25% more calories every day. This will not necessarily cost 25% more you can
39、 bulk up a meal by throwing in more of the cheaper staples such as pasta and rice etc. , but it will add to the cost. A survey of US office workers found that men who bought takeaway sandwiches were spending almost double on lunch each week than their female counterparts. H)Women are also advised to
40、 drink less -two to three units a day against the three or four guideline for men. A bottle of wine at 13.5% alcohol contains 10.13 units. If it costs 4. 99, assuming you have the maximum each day, as a woman you will spend 1. 47 and as a man 1. 96. Thats a big assumption -many people drink less, so
41、me more. I)One big thing to remember is that although alcohol may be a preservative, women are likely to live longer, and will therefore have to meet their living costs for more years. In 2010 the average life expectancy at birth was 82 for women and 78 for men: that means forking out for food, heat
42、ing, travel, entertainment, for four extra years. The change to annuity rates brought in by the gender directive means that women will get the same income as a man, regardless of the fact that they are expected to live longer, but they will need to factor these years of extra spending into their oth
43、er savings. Haircuts J)Ask most men how much they pay for a haircut and theyll probably say around a tenner at their local barber. Unless they are friends with a hairdresser, women will usually spend at least double that. This will be in part because they go to different places for their cuts, but e
44、ven if a man and a woman walked in to the same salon the woman would probably end up paying more. K)Many salons have stopped pricing according to sex, but some quote different costs according to the length of hair, which means women are likely to end up spending more. In Supercuts, for example, pric
45、es are advertised as starting from 13. 95 for a cut and 16. 95 for a cut and wash. At my local salon the hairdresser said a man would pay 16.95 or 18.95, while a cut and shampoo of my shoulder-length hair would cost 23.90. L)By this point you may well be shouting “I need to buy razors far more often
46、 than my girlfriend“ or “I have to spend on my hair, youre a baldie(光头 )“, and of course your individual circumstances will affect your spending habits and needs or you may have other examples of instances where pricing is different for each sex. 47 It is advisable for a woman to drink no more than
47、three units of wine in a single day. 48 More material used makes mens clothes more expensive than womens at Uniqlo. 49 Peoples spending habits and needs are different according to their own circumstances. 50 According to the data from the ONS, womens spending on underwear is more than twice as much
48、as that of men. 51 Razors seem to be necessary for both men and women. 52 The longer life of women means their lifetime expenses may become higher. 53 On average, that men need more calories than women is one reason for the difference between mens and womens cost of food. 54 Whether men and women go
49、 to the same place or different places for haircuts, women are likely to spend more than men. 55 According to a survey on household spending, people spend most on clothes rather than shoes and accessories. 56 In some salons, the price of haircuts is not set by sex any more, but sometimes by how long the hair is. Section C 56 The two economists call their paper “
