1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 80及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the secret to happiness. You should write at least 120 words but no more than
2、 180 words. “The secret to happiness is to blame other people for your troubles. “ Section A （ A） He has decided how to spend his money. （ B） He has no idea about the cost of living. （ C） He has already saved enough money to go around Africa. （ D） He has decided to use the money to pay his tuition n
3、ext year. （ A） Wrapping a product for a customer at a shop. （ B） Buying the box and scissors at a shop. （ C） Weighing the box and scissors at a post office. （ D） Wrapping a parcel to be mailed at a post office. （ A） The woman should finish her paper first. （ B） Hed like to postpone working on the pa
4、per. （ C） It wont take long to finish the paper tomorrow. （ D） He wants to know why the paper hasnt been finished. （ A） Nowadays cooking books are not popular anymore. （ B） The book on cooking is useful to her father. （ C） Her father doesnt have time to cook. （ D） Her father likes reading more than
5、cooking. （ A） She got a pair of fine glasses some time ago. （ B） Many people asked her why she wore makeup. （ C） She has only made some changes for her glasses. （ D） People around her dont like her new look very much. （ A） The final exam might include something in Chapter 5. （ B） The final exam migh
6、t include materials that are not discussed in class. （ C） The professor will probably talk about Chapter 5 in class the next day. （ D） The professor will tell the students what will be tested in advance. （ A） The restaurant is not busy since Christmas. （ B） The restaurant closes early since Christma
7、s. （ C） She promises there will be a table available at 7:00. （ D） She is not sure whether there is a table available at that time. （ A） Tell him more about the painting exhibition. （ B） Take a course about painting before going to the museum. （ C） Invite someone else to the painting exhibition. （ D
8、） Ask Daisy about the details of the painting course. （ A） She wants to ask some information about Bali. （ B） She wants to find an assistant from the agency. （ C） She wants some advice on vacation. （ D） She calls to confirm her reservation. （ A） The couple can enjoy a cool summer there. （ B） It will
9、 cost the woman the least. （ C） It is an excellent place for newly-married couple. （ D） The couple wont be interrupted by terrible weather. （ A） They can enjoy a well-planned trip. （ B） They can get the accurate price of travel immediately. （ C） They can enjoy a happy vacation. （ D） They can know a
10、lot about the native customs. （ A） Pay for it right away. （ B） Provide the credit card number. （ C） Confirm her personal information. （ D） Promise in words. （ A） She is unwilling to go on the business trip. （ B） She is not well prepared for her seminar yet. （ C） She doesnt know how to apply for a co
11、rporate card. （ D） She doesnt have experience in business negotiation. （ A） It will have to be paid by the woman herself. （ B） It will be limited to a maximum per day. （ C） Items with receipt will be paid by the company. （ D） It can be paid by using the corporate card. （ A） Stay at home waiting for
12、further notice. （ B） Fill in a form to get a corporate card. （ C） Keep in mind what the man has told her. （ D） Make sure her work will be handled properly. Section B （ A） The healthier ones heart is, the less smart he is. （ B） The healthier ones heart is, the smarter he is. （ C） The smarter a person
13、 is, the healthier his heart is. （ D） The healthier the heart is, the less chances to get mental illness. （ A） It could increase the blood pressure. （ B） It could bring the brain more hydrogen and nutrients. （ C） It could improve the brain structure. （ D） It could make the nerve cells more sensitive
14、. （ A） The healthier twin is also the smarter one. （ B） The twins are as intelligent as each other. （ C） The raising environment has nothing to do with their intelligence. （ D） The genes have a great influence on their intelligence. （ A） It is helpful for the students to know themselves. （ B） It is
15、helpful to create a balanced school curriculum. （ C） The students should be encouraged to do more exercise. （ D） It is better to check the students heart regularly. （ A） Animals have little interaction with other species. （ B） Human has the widest interaction with its companions. （ C） Friendship rep
16、resents a persons worth. （ D） Friendship doesnt exist in other species. （ A） Friends who are thought of as family members are thought as close friends. （ B） The inner circle plays the most important role in a persons life. （ C） The not-so-close circle couldnt be called friends in theory. （ D） The cl
17、ose circle refers to classmates and colleagues. （ A） Friends should be willing to sacrifice and never ask for rewards. （ B） There should be no secrets between friends. （ C） Friends should seek and share the same interests and activities. （ D） It is necessary for friends to share the same social circ
18、le. （ A） It is an electronic device that monitors a babys mood. （ B） It is a toy that could tell when the baby is hungry. （ C） It is a device that helps the parents to communicate with their babies. （ D） It is a piece of clothes that could monitor a babys physical condition. （ A） People who have no
19、time to attend their babies. （ B） People who become parents for the first time. （ C） People who have difficulty communicating with their babies. （ D） People who have a heavy burden to support the family. （ A） It is too expensive for an ordinary family. （ B） It is dangerous for its an electronic devi
20、ce. （ C） The information it provides is not convincing. （ D） It is of little practical use. Section C 26 Great employees are dependable, diligent, great leaders and great followers. they possess【 B1】 _easily-defined but hard to find qualities: They ignore job descriptions. The smaller the company, t
21、he more important it is that employees can think on their feet, adapt quickly to shifting priorities, and do whatever it takes,【 B2】 _role or position, to get things done. Theyre odd. The best employees are often a little different: They seem【 B3】_odd, but in a really good way. Unusual personalities
22、 shake things up, make work more fun, and【 B4】 _a plain group into a team with flavor. They know when to dial it back. When a major challenge pops up or a situation gets stressful, the best employees stop expressing their【 B5】 _and fit perfectly into the team. They publicly praise. Remarkable employ
23、ees recognize the【 B6】 _of others, especially in group settings where their impact is even greater. And they privately complain. We all want employees to bring issues forward, but some problems are better【 B7】 _in private. Great employees often get more【 B8】_to bring up controversial subjects in a g
24、roup setting. Remarkable employees come to you before or after a meeting to discuss a【 B9】 _issue, knowing that bringing it up in a group setting could set off a firestorm. They speak when others wont. Remarkable employees have an inborn feeling for the concerns of those around them, and【 B10】 _to a
25、sk questions when others hesitate. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 The Web sometimes is seemed as the Siren specter that lures us into sitting around like some species of houseplant while our trunk grows abnormally wide. Its【 C1
26、】_enticements keep us from doing what we know we should, like, say, making any movement whatsoever or【 C2】 _foods that do not come packaged in Styrofoam(泡沫塑料 ). But according to a new research, the Internet can also be something else: a place for helping people keep weight off. The new study,【 C3】 _
27、over a two-and-a-half-year period, found that the more often people logged on to a website, the more likely they were to【 C4】 _weight loss. Of course, it wasnt just any old website, but one that investigators at the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research(KPCHR)had designed【 C5】 _to help people
28、 keep the pounds off. What made the website work was its mixture of accountability(责任 )and【 C6】_Users were asked to log in once a week to【 C7】 _their weight and the amount of exercise theyd done. If they didnt log in regularly, they got a little nudge by e-mail, then a(n) 【 C8】 _phone call. Once on
29、the site, users could chat with other【 C9】 _of the study in a kind of mini-Facebook setting. The site was designed to mimic as much as possible what its like to be in a weight-loss program that offers【 C10】 _counseling and group meetings. It wasnt quite as effective as human-to-human interaction, bu
30、t it was better than nothing at all. A)abundant F)enter K)personal B)attracts G)establish L)separately C)automated H)maintain M)sociability D)conducted I)obligation N)specifically E)consuming J)participants O)warning 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46
31、 【 C10】 Section B 46 Fixing a World That Fosters Obesity Environment Fostering Obesity A)Why are Americans getting fatter and fatter? The simple explanation is that we eat too much junk food and spend too much time in front of screens be they television, phone or computer to burn off all those empty
32、 calories. One handy prescription for healthier lives is behavior modification. If only people ate more fresh produce. If only children exercised more. Unfortunately, behavior changes wont work on their own without huge societal shifts, health experts say, because eating too much and exercising too
33、little are merely symptoms of a much larger disease. The real problem is a landscape littered with inexpensive fast-food meals; much advertising for fatty, sugary products; inner cities that lack supermarkets; and unhealthy, high-stress workplaces. In other words, its the environment. B)“Everyone kn
34、ows that you shouldnt eat junk food and you should exercise,“ says Kelly D. Brownell, the director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale. “But the environment makes it so difficult that fewer people can do these things, and then you have a public health catastrophe. “ Dr. Brownell,
35、who has a doctorate in psychology, is among a number of leading researchers who are proposing large-scale changes to food pricing, advertising and availability, all in the hope of creating an environment favorable to healthier diet and exercise choices. To that end, health researchers are grappling
36、with how to fix systems that are the root causes of obesity, says Dee W. Edington, the director of the Health Management Research Center at the University of Michigan. “If you take a changed person and put them in the same environment, they are going to go back to the old behaviors,“ says Dr. Edingt
37、on, who has a doctorate in physical education. “If you change the culture and the environment first, then you can go back into a healthy environment and, when you get change, it sticks. “ C)Indeed, despite individual efforts by some states to tax soda pop, promote farm stands, require healthier scho
38、ol lunches or order calorie information in chain restaurants, obesity rates in the United States are growing. An estimated 72. 5 million adults in the United States are obese, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Last year, about 27 percent of adults said they were obese, com
39、pared with about 20 percent in 2000, as reported in a Centers for Disease Control study published this month. And, the report said, obesity may cost the medical system as much as $ 147 billion annually. Equalizing Food Price D)So what kind of changes might help nudge(促使 )Americans into healthier rou
40、tines? Equalizing food pricing, for one. Fast-food restaurants can charge lower prices for value meals of hamburgers and French fries than for salad because the government subsidizes the corn and soybeans used for animal feed and vegetable oil, says Barry Popkin, a professor of nutrition at the Gill
41、ings School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “We have made it more expensive to eat healthy in a very big way,“ says Dr. Popkin, who has a doctorate in agricultural economics and is the author of a book called The World Is Fat: The Fads, Trends, Policies and Produ
42、cts That Are Fattening the Human Race. E)The inflation-adjusted price of a McDonalds quarter-pounder with cheese, for example, fell 5.44 percent from 1990 to 2007, according to an article on the economics of child obesity published in the journal Health Affairs . But the inflation-adjusted price of
43、fruit and vegetables, which are not subject to federal largess(赠予 ), rose 17 percent just from 1997 to 2003, the study said. Cutting agricultural subsidies would have a big impact on peoples eating habits, says Dr. Popkin. “If we cut the subsidy on whole milk and made it cheaper only to drink low-fa
44、t milk,“ he says, “people would switch to it and it would save a lot of calories. “ Company Keeping Employees From Obesity F)Health experts are also looking to the private sector. On-site fitness centers and vending machines that sell good-for-you snacks are practical workplace innovations that many
45、 companies have instituted. On a more philosophical level, innovative companies are training managers not to burn out employees by overworking them, says Dr. Edington of the University of Michigan. “Stress comes up. It can lead to overeating and obesity,“ Dr. Edington says. At companies that see emp
46、loyee health as a renewable resource, he adds, managers encourage employees to go home on time so they can spend more time with their families, communities or favorite activities. “Instead of going home with an empty tank, you can go home with the energy that we gave you by the way we run our busine
47、ss,“ he says. G)Corporate-sector efforts arent entirely altruistic(无私心的 ). Its less expensive for businesses to keep healthy workers healthy than to cover the medical costs of obesity and related problems like diabetes(糖尿病 ). For employees at IBM and their families, for example, the annual medical c
48、laim for an obese adult or child costs about double that of a non-obese adult or child, says Martin J. Sepulveda, IBMs vice president for integrated health services. H)IBM has been promoting wellness for employees since the 1980s. But in 2008, it began offering a new program, the Childrens Health Re
49、bate, to encourage employees to increase their at-home family dinners, their servings of fruits and vegetables, and their physical activities, as well as to reduce their childrens television and computer time. In addition to helping prevent obesity in children, Mr. Sepulveda says, the program is aimed at employees who might neglect to exercise on their own but would willingly participate as part of a family project. Each family that completes the
