1、山东省成人本科英语模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp
2、onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 We are all conditioned by the way we are brought up. Our values are determined by our parents, and in a larger sense, by the culture in which we live. The Chinese, for example, are not accustomed to the drinking of milk , and
3、 may actually become sick if they are compelled to drink a glassful of the beverage. Americans, on the other hand, thrive on milk, although they have many taboos(禁忌 )of their own. Some years ago, I gave a dinner party during which I served a delicious hors d oeuvre(餐前小吃 )filled with a meat that tast
4、ed somewhat like chicken. My guests wondered what the meat was, but I refused to tell them until they had eaten their fill. T then explained that they had just dined on the flesh of freshly killed rattlesnake. The reaction was nausea(呕吐 ) -and in some cases violent vomiting. If I had served rattlesn
5、ake to a Chinese, he would doubtlessly have requested a second helping, for in China the dish is considered a delicacy. Another interesting case is the young man I met recently in New York City. An American by birth, he had been removed from his native state of Oregon at the age of six months when h
6、is parents went to Japan as missionaries. Orphaned before his first birthday, he was reared by a Japanese family in a remote village. The young man was unmistakably American in appearance, with blond hair and blue eyes. But he had a Japanese style of walking, Japanese facial expressions, and he thou
7、ght like a Japanese. Though he had learned to speak English fluently, he felt uncomfortable and out of place in an American city. He soon returned to Japan. 1 The best title of this passage is_. （ A） Cultural Conditioning （ B） Our Parents Values （ C） American Customs （ D） Patterns of Behavior 2 The
8、main idea of this passage is that_. （ A） we inherit our values from our parents （ B） the way we are brought up determined what profession we will choose （ C） all cultural values are the same （ D） our values are determined by the culture in which we are brought up 3 The author says that cooked rattle
9、snake is_. （ A） sickening （ B） healthful （ C） tasty （ D） unappetizing 4 When informed they had dined on rattlesnake, the author s guests _. （ A） were delighted （ B） requested a second helping （ C） praised his hospitality （ D） became ill 5 This passage suggests that_. （ A） we can select our values （
10、B） our values are learned （ C） our values change as we mature （ D） some values are correct, while others are wrong 5 Cultural differences in business entertaining include issues such as whom one entertains and where and how one entertains. In countries in which status is important, it is not advisab
11、le to invite people of different statuses to the same dinner party. Americans will often invite people to their homes. While in some societies the home is considered too private, unworthy, or embarrassingly small to serve as an appropriate forum for business entertaining. In some countries there is
12、a “help yourself “ approach to entertaining done in the home. This approach does not work well when entertaining people whose culture teaches them to wait to be asked three time before accepting an offer of food. In one instance, a Chinese guest went an entire evening without eating though he was qu
13、ite hungry because he was too embarrassed to take food after only being asked to do so once. In another case, an American woman executive was being entertained at tea in London. After having the tea served, the American hostess helped herself to cream and sugar rather than waiting to be served. The
14、English woman was embarrassed by the implication that she was not served quickly enough. As a general rule, a small gift from your home country is appreciated. A gift that is tied to the particular interest of the individual is especially appreciated. Gifts for children are also well received. Be ca
15、reful that the “hometown“ gift you are bringing to Singapore was not made in Hong Kong. Because many gifts carry symbolic meanings, it is always best to seek the advice of a cultural informant before selecting gifts. The giving of large gifts, or payments for special service, should only be undertak
16、en after consulting the legal department in the home and host culture. 6 It is no good inviting people of different social positions to the same party in the country where_. （ A） people dont pay any attention to your positions （ B） people care much about their status （ C） entertainment is important
17、（ D） entertainment is not advisable 7 In some countries(societies),_ is considered an unsuitable place for business entertaining. （ A） a hotel （ B） an office （ C） home （ D） a company 8 The Chinese guest is taken for an example to show_. （ A） that offering food should not be made too early （ B） a “he
18、lp yourself“ approach does work well in this case （ C） that accepting an offer of food should be made case （ D） a “help yourself“ approach does not work well in this case 9 The passage infers that American women like_. （ A） a “help yourself“ approach （ B） waiting to be served （ C） a slow service （ D
19、） cream and sugar all 10 According to the passage, _ is usually appreciated. （ A） a big gift （ B） large payment as a gift （ C） a small gift from one s home （ D） a gift from Singapore 10 Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer
20、 is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey(猎物 )into a goal mouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunter s triumph of killing his prey. To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefl
21、y look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwe
22、rs and prey-killers. They cooperated as skillful male group attackers. Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use that of controlling and domesti
23、cating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival. The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hun
24、ting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences, but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skills against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have been eaten
25、, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal. 11 The author believes that sporting activities _. （ A） are forms of biological development （ B） are essentially forms of taming the prey （ C） have actually developed from hunting （ D） have changed the way of hunting 12 In a footba
26、ll game, what is equal to the prey in hunting is_. （ A） any member of the opposing team （ B） the goal mouth （ C） the goal keeper （ D） the football 13 For over a million years, our forefathers were basically _. （ A） cooperating hunters （ B） successful farmers （ C） runners and jumpers （ D） skillful sp
27、ortsmen 14 The word “operation“(Para. 4)refers to _. （ A） domesticating animals （ B） hunting （ C） prey killing （ D） sports activities 15 Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? （ A） It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for sporting activities. （ B） F
28、arming is very important in human civilization because it saves human beings from risks and uncertainties of hunting for survival. （ C） It is hunting that provides human beings with much simpler ways of obtaining meaty meals. （ D） Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunt
29、ing skills which his fore fathers developed for survival. 15 Reading is considered to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts further questions, and so on. For most of the time this
30、conversation goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at
31、 the unconscious level. Different people converse with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension that is written in the text. The
32、 latter represents higher levels of comprehension, the balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers. There is another conversation that forms our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a process convers
33、ation as opposed to a content conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading. If we are advanced readers, our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a process conversation. It is pre
34、cisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed on us by studying at a higher level. 16 Reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text becomes conscious only when _. （ A） the reader s expectatio
35、ns agree with what is said in the text （ B） the reader has trouble understanding what the author says （ C） the reader asks questions and gets answers （ D） the reader understands a text very well 17 At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to_. （ A） read a text slowly （ B） read without thinkin
36、g hard （ C） interpret a text in their own way （ D） concentrate on the meaning of words only 18 A process conversation has to do with _. （ A） the application of reading strategies （ B） matching our expectations with the meaning of a text （ C） the development of our ability to check the details （ D） d
37、etermining the main idea of a text 19 According to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a balance between_. （ A） conscious and unconscious levels of comprehension （ B） the readers expectations and the meaning of a text （ C） lower and higher levels of compr
38、ehension （ D） interpreting and criticizing a text 20 If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should_. （ A） learn to use different approaches in reading different texts （ B） making our reading process more conscious （ C） pay more attention to the content of a text （ D） take
39、 a critical attitude towards the authors idea 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding lett
40、er on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 With the flowers_everywhere, the park looks beautiful. （ A） to bloom （ B） blooming （ C） be blooming （ D） to be blooming 22 The shortage of energy is getting worse. It_ an immediate solution. （ A） calls off （ B） calls up （ C） calls for
41、（ D） calls at 23 The teacher spoke so fast that it was hard for the students to_what he was saying. （ A） take in （ B） take out （ C） take up （ D） take over 24 Im afraid that there isn t_for you in my car. （ A） place （ B） seat （ C） corner （ D） room 25 It suddenly_to me that we could use a computer to
42、do the job. （ A） happened （ B） occurred （ C） agreed （ D） presented 26 When Edison died, it was proposed that the Americans_all power in their homes, streets and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man. （ A） turn off （ B） turned off （ C） must turn off （ D） would have turned off 27 _
43、are afraid of difficulties, and we are all determined. （ A） None of us （ B） Not all of us （ C） All of us （ D） All of us not 28 If I_ Mary s reputation, I defend her reputation. （ A） speak up for （ B） speak ill of （ C） speak well of （ D） speak well for 29 _ all of us who are here tonight, I would lik
44、e to thank Mr. Smith for his speech. （ A） On account of （ B） On behalf of （ C） For the purpose of （ D） Instead of 30 You cannot be_ careful when you drive a car. （ A） very （ B） so （ C） too （ D） enough 31 When the little girl awoke, she found herself_ by a group of soldiers. （ A） surround （ B） be sur
45、rounded （ C） being surrounded （ D） being surrounding 32 The manager lost his_ just because his secretary was ten minutes late. （ A） mood （ B） temper （ C） mind （ D） passion 33 There are several characteristics of the textbook_attention. （ A） worthwhile （ B） worth of （ C） worthy （ D） worthy of 34 The
46、new building_all the other buildings in the town. （ A） dwarfs （ B） distorts （ C） deserts （ D） depresses 35 I passed the test. I_it without your help. （ A） would not pass （ B） wouldn t have passed （ C） didnt pass （ D） had not passed 36 The Internet has brought_big changes in the way we work. （ A） abo
47、ut （ B） out （ C） back （ D） up 37 The father writes in his will that every son and daughter_a share of his property. （ A） has （ B） to have （ C） having （ D） have 38 He hurried to the hospital, only_his father had just died. （ A） to tell （ B） to be told （ C） telling （ D） told 39 _ tomorrow, he would be
48、 able to see the opening ceremony. （ A） Would he come （ B） If he comes （ C） Was he coming （ D） Were he to come 40 The speaker could hardly find safe ground_his arguments. （ A） on which to base （ B） to base on （ C） on the base （ D） which to base on 41 According to the psychoanalyst, Sigmund Freud, wi
49、sdom comes from the _ of maturity. （ A） fulfillment （ B） establishment （ C） accomplishment （ D） achievement 42 Lucille_at the dance tonight, nor will Peter. （ A） cant be （ B） wont be （ C） may not be （ D） will be 43 Did you like the book I gave you? _the novels that I ve read, I enjoyed this one the most. （ A） Of all （ B） All of （ C） For all （ D） From all
