1、考博英语模拟试卷 186及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Research has produced many new _ that will be used in the manufacture of a variety of goods. （ A） hypotheses （ B） summaries （ C） synthetics （ D） emphasize 2 The local government leaders are making every effort to _ the problem of poverty. （ A） abolish
2、 （ B） tackle （ C） remove （ D） encounter 3 Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _. （ A） scarcity （ B） minority （ C） minimum （ D） shortage 4 It is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be _ by insects. （ A） broken i
3、n （ B） run over （ C） taken over （ D） filled in 5 I am sure I can _ him into letting us stay in the hotel for the night. （ A） speak （ B） say （ C） talk （ D） tell 6 While some office jobs would seem _ to many people, there are quite a few jobs that are stimulating, exciting and satisfying. （ A） hostile
4、 （ B） tedious （ C） fantastic （ D） courageous 7 A persons calorie requirements vary _ his life. （ A） across （ B） throughout （ C） over （ D） within 8 The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national _. （ A） engagement （ B） destiny （ C） capacity
5、 （ D） temperament 9 The manager lost his _ just because his secretary was ten minutes late. （ A） mood （ B） temper （ C） mind （ D） passion 10 He was on a diet, though the food _ him enormously. （ A） inspired （ B） tempted （ C） overcame （ D） encouraged 11 The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult
6、to understand because it contains so many _ references. （ A） obscure （ B） acute （ C） notable （ D） objective 12 It is unfortunate that, owing to lack of money, these experiments must now _ before the objective has been achieved. （ A） transferred （ B） terminated （ C） testified （ D） transformed 13 The
7、teacher spoke highly of such _ as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his students. （ A） virtues （ B） features （ C） properties （ D） characteristics 14 Many of the scientists and engineers are judged _ how great their achievements are. （ A） in spite of （ B） in ways of （ C） in favor of （ D） in
8、terms of 15 The younger generations attraction to stereos cannot be explained only _ familiarity with technology. （ A） in quest of （ B） by means of （ C） in terms of （ D） by virtue of 16 Captain Jones _ that five bullets came from Hoffmans gun and that he had the shells of those bullets with him. （ A
9、） purified （ B） magnified （ C） testified （ D） intensified 17 He is the only person who can _ in this case because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously. （ A） testify （ B） charge （ C） accuse （ D） rectify 18 Witnesses who _ in a courtroom must swear to tell the troth when they speak for or agai
10、nst the person being tried. （ A） modify （ B） testify （ C） satisfy （ D） qualify 19 Mary is hoping to get a postgraduate degree in English literature and is writing _ on the works of John Milton. （ A） a theme （ B） a theory （ C） a thesis （ D） a topic 20 The political future of the president is now hang
11、ing by a _. （ A） thread （ B） cord （ C） string （ D） rope 21 He raised his glass and _ her with his last mouthful. （ A） roasted （ B） boasted （ C） coasted （ D） toasted 22 The color blue is a _ of calmness. （ A） token （ B） representation （ C） tone （ D） expression 23 Expected noises are usually more _ th
12、an unexpected ones of like magnitude. （ A） manageable （ B） controllable （ C） tolerable （ D） perceivable 24 On behalf of my company, I am _ to you and your colleagues for your generous help. （ A） subjected （ B） inclined （ C） available （ D） obliged 25 The appearance of the used car is _, its much newe
13、r than it really is. （ A） descriptive （ B） indicative （ C） deceptive （ D） impressive 26 When Jack was eighteen he _ going around with a strange set of people and staying out very late. （ A） took to （ B） took for （ C） took up （ D） took on 27 He _ so much work that he couldnt really do it efficiently.
14、 （ A） put on （ B） turned on （ C） brought on （ D） took on 28 I dont think that this question is subordinate _ the main aim of our company. （ A） with （ B） to （ C） for （ D） on 29 It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial _
15、will be conducted by computer. （ A） transactions （ B） transmissions （ C） transitions （ D） transformations 30 He was _ by the noise outside yesterday evening and could not concentrate on his study. （ A） pecked （ B） oriented （ C） perturbed （ D） paddled 31 He is often inclined to _ in other peoples aff
16、airs, which is none of his business. （ A） manipulated （ B） lumbered （ C） meddle （ D） littered 32 There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the _ from fall to winter. （ A） transmission （ B） transformation （ C） transition （ D） transfer 33 Cultural _ indicates that human
17、 beings hand their languages down from one generation to another. （ A） translation （ B） transition （ C） transmission （ D） transaction 34 There is an undesirable _ nowadays to make films showing violence. （ A） direction （ B） tradition （ C） phenomenon （ D） trend 35 It is a _ not worthy of such heated
18、argument. （ A） trifle （ B） trivial （ C） pride （ D） understanding 36 A most _ argument about who should go and fetch the bread from the kitchen was going on when I came in. （ A） trivial （ B） delicate （ C） minor （ D） miniature 37 Frankly speaking, your article is very good, except for some _ mistakes
19、in grammar. （ A） obscure （ B） glaring （ C） minor （ D） rare 38 Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and taming calm situations into _ ones. （ A） turbulent （ B） tragic （ C） vulnerable （ D） suspicious 39 The new washing machines are _ at the rate of fifty a day. （ A） turned up （
20、 B） turned down （ C） turned out （ D） tamed in 40 Franklin Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the American economys _ flaws. （ A） underlining （ B） vulnerable （ C） vulgar （ D） underlying 二、 Cloze 40 College sports in the United States are a huge deal. Almost all major American universit
21、ies have football, baseball, basketball and hockey programs, and【 71】 millions of dollars each year to sports. Most universities earn millions【 72】 as well, in television revenues and sponsorships. They also benefit【 73】 from the added publicity they get via their teams. Big-name universities【 74】 e
22、ach other in the most popular sports. Football games at the university of Michigan regularly【 75】 crowds of over 90,000. Basketballs national collegiate championship game is a TV【 76】 on a par with (与 相同或相似 ) any other sporting event in the United States,【 77】 perhaps the Super Bowl itself. At any g
23、iven time during fall or winter one can【 78】 ones TV set and see the top athletic programs from schools like Michigan, UCLA, Duke and Stanford 【 79】 in front of packed houses and national TV audiences. The athletes themselves are【 80】 and provided with scholarships. College coaches identify【 81】 tee
24、nagers and then go into high schools to【 82】 the countrys best players to attend their universities. There are strict roles about【 83】 coaches can recruit no recruiting calls after 9 p. m., only one official visit to a campus but they are often bent and sometimes【 84】 . Top college football programs
25、【 85】 scholarships to 20 or 30 players each year, and those student athletes, when they arrive【 86】 campus, receive free housing, tuition, meals, books, and stipends. In return, the players【 87】 the program in their sport. Football players at top colleges【 88】 two hours a day, four days a week from
26、January to April. In summer, its back to strength and agility mining four days a week until mid August, when camp【 89】 and preparation for the opening of the September-to-December season begins【 90】 . During the season, practices last two or three hours a day from Tuesday to Friday. Saturday is game
27、 day. Mondays are an officially mandated day of rest. （ A） attribute （ B） distribute （ C） devote （ D） attach （ A） out （ B） by （ C） in （ D） back （ A） directly （ B） indirectly （ C） apart （ D） indirect （ A） compete for （ B） compete in （ C） compete against （ D） compete over （ A） draw （ B） amuse （ C） gov
28、ern （ D） handle （ A） spectator （ B） spectacle （ C） spectrum （ D） spectacles （ A） save （ B） saving （ C） saved （ D） to save （ A） flip on （ B） flap at （ C） fling away （ D） flush out （ A） battle （ B） to battle （ C） battling （ D） battled （ A） recruited （ B） reconciled （ C） rectified （ D） reserved （ A） pr
29、omising （ B） pleasing （ C） prominent （ D） professional （ A） contrive （ B） convince （ C） convert （ D） convict （ A） which （ B） what （ C） how （ D） whether （ A） ignored （ B） neglected （ C） remembered （ D） noticed （ A） offer （ B） afford （ C） award （ D） reward （ A） in （ B） on （ C） at （ D） around （ A） comm
30、it themselves to （ B） commit themselves on （ C） commute themselves to （ D） comply themselves to （ A） work in （ B） work out （ C） work over （ D） work off （ A） recalls （ B） enlists （ C） convenes （ D） collects （ A） in principle （ B） in confidence （ C） in name （ D） in earnest 三、 Reading Comprehension 60
31、One key question for the next century is how we will provide energy in an environmentally sound way. As living standards rise in the developing world, energy consumption will increase. As a result, many countries are now opening the door for private investment in a sector that used to be solely the
32、preserve of government. In the developed world too, the move is towards the deregulation end privatization of electricity generation and distribution. There is also a trend towards locally-generated energy, particularly in the developing world. Factories and shopping centers may one day have their o
33、wn power sources. Progress is also being made in minimising the environmental impact of energy production and consumption. A motor car today puts out perhaps 5 percent of the pollution a new car did in 1970. We can produce clean power too but it costs, so to some extent, in the new millennium(一千年 )
34、were going to have the environment we can afford. The spectre of scarce or impossibly expensive energy is no longer with us. thanks to a combination of opening up new regions of the world and new technologies. Shortage is very unlikely. Environmental considerations mean there is a seriousness too ab
35、out alternative energy sources that wasnt there ten years ago. Right now the fuel cell is at the top of the list of alternative technologies. Advances in turbine transportation mean that natural gas is going to have an ever-increasing role. Nuclear power may prove competitive enough to have a much l
36、onger life than many expect, but until theres a major change in public sentiment, I dont expect m see much new nuclear construction. Will the grip of oil on personal transportation continue? Sport-utility vehicles like Land Rovers and Jeeps are hardly the perfect means of urban transport. But people
37、 have become very attached to their automobiles. So until we get around to technology where we beam ourselves around. I suspect well continue to have them. One area which is certainly not clear is the impact of the Internet on transportation. On the one hand, you will be able to accomplish by sittin
38、g in front of a screen what you used to have to go to the airport for: on the other, increased knowledge may well fuel a rising demand for travel. We are only at the beginning of a revolution that is already being called a bigger revolution than the internal combustion engine (内燃机 ). 61 Which of the
39、 following is true about the use of energy? （ A） In the developing countries, there is a trend toward locally-generated energy. （ B） In the developed world, clean power is used in motor ears. （ C） A motor car today puts out perhaps 5 times of the pollution a new car did in 1970. （ D） Factories and s
40、hopping centers are able to have their own power sources. 62 According to the passage, what is NOT an alternative energy source? （ A） Fuel cell. （ B） Nuclear power. （ C） Petrol. （ D） Natural gas. 63 Why is there not much nuclear construction? （ A） Because we are able to provide enough energy. （ B） B
41、ecause people are usually against nuclear power. （ C） Because it is difficult to use nuclear power. （ D） Because we have found many other alternative energies. 64 Which of the following statements is NOT tree according to the passage? （ A） Increased knowledge may well fuel a rising demand for travel
42、. （ B） People today have become very attached to their automobiles. （ C） The fuel cell is at the top of the list of alternative technologies. （ D） The Internet will have great impact on transportation. 65 According to the passage, what is the key question for the next century? （ A） How to save as mu
43、ch energy as possible. （ B） How to restrict the use of nuclear energy. （ C） How to provide energy in an environmentally sound way. （ D） How to use alternative transportation to motor cars. 65 To forgive may be divine, but no one ever said it was easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extr
44、emely difficult to let go of your grudge. But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. “People who forgive show less depression, anger and stress, and more hopefulness,“ says Frederic Luskin, Ph. D., author of Forgive for Good (HarperCollins,
45、2002). “So it can help save on the wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and allow people to feel more vital.“ So how do you start the healing? Try following these steps: Calm yourself. To defuse your anger, try a simple stress-management technique. “Take a couple
46、of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, someone you love, “Luskin says. Dont wait for an apology. “Many times the person who hurt you has no intention of apologizing,“ Luskin says. “They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same
47、 way. So if you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.“ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action. Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your hurt giv
48、es power to the person who caused you pain. “Instead of focusing or, your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you,“ Luskin says. Try to see things from the other persons perspective. If you empathize with that person, you may realize that he or she was acting out
49、 of ignorance, fear even love. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view. Recognize the benefits Of forgiveness, Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns. Dont forget to forgive yourself. “For people, forgiving themselves is the biggest chall
