1、考博英语模拟试卷 188及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 When he tried to make a _, he found that the hotel that he wanted was completely filled because of a convention. （ A） complaint （ B） claim （ C） reservation （ D） decision 2 Wed like to _ a table for five for dinner this evening. （ A） preserve （ B） rese
2、rve （ C） retain （ D） sustain 3 The War of _ Against Japan lasted eight years from 1937 to 1945. （ A） Resistance （ B） Conflict （ C） Opposition （ D） Defense 4 The committee _ against appointing a new secretary. （ A） solved （ B） settled （ C） resolved （ D） approved 5 Generally, it is only when animals a
3、re trapped that they _ to violence in order to escape. （ A） proceed （ B） appeal （ C） resort （ D） incline 6 I would never have _ a court of law if I hadnt been so desperate. （ A） sought for （ B） accounted for （ C） turned up （ D） resorted to 7 A large part of human activity, particularly in relation t
4、o the environment, is _ conditions or events. （ A） in response to （ B） in favour of （ C） in contrast to （ D） in excess of 8 When he lost his jobs he tried to _ his fortunes by robbing a bank. （ A） revive （ B） retrieve （ C） rectify （ D） recycle 9 Englands team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing
5、 their best next week to _ themselves for last years defeat. （ A） remedy （ B） revive （ C） revenge （ D） retort 10 The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax （ A） efficiency （ B） revenues （ C） privileges （ D） validity 11 A
6、lthough the two players are _ on the tennis court, they are really good friends. （ A） partners （ B） enemies （ C） rivals （ D） companions 12 As an industry, biotechnology stands to _ electronics in dollar volume grid perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020. （ A） contend （ B） contest （ C） rival （ D
7、） strive 13 43 By _ computation, he estimated that the repairs on the house would cost him a thousand dollars. （ A） coarse （ B） rude （ C） crude （ D） rough 14 The day before my history exam, I still hadnt _ reading the first book on the list. （ A） seen about （ B） caught up with （ C） got around to （ D
8、） sat for 15 You would be _ a risk to let your child go to school by himself. （ A） omitting （ B） attaching （ C） affording （ D） running 16 Can you imagine! He offered me $5000 to break my contract. Thats _. Of course I didnt agree. I would take legal action. （ A） fraud （ B） blackmail （ C） bribery （ D
9、） compensation 17 The map was drawn to the standard _ of 1/100000 so there was not much detail. （ A） route （ B） line （ C） rate （ D） scale 18 The captain _ the horizon for approaching ships. （ A） scanned （ B） scrutinized （ C） explored （ D） swept 19 49 The end of winter is the most dangerous time for
10、the animals in Yellowstone Park as food becomes even _. （ A） coarser （ B） scarcer （ C） rarer （ D） harder 20 The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause _ of vegetables in the coming days. （ A） rarity （ B） scarcity （ C） invalidity （ D） variety 21 They stood gazing at the happy _ of childre
11、n playing in the park. （ A） perspective （ B） view （ C） landscape （ D） scene 22 Many scientists remain _ about the value of this research program. （ A） spacious （ B） stationary （ C） specific （ D） skeptical 23 The men were _ to cheat the government by bringing jewels in without paying duty. （ A） schem
12、ing （ B） sufficing （ C） scouting （ D） subduing 24 He _ his head, wondering how to solve the problem. （ A） scrapped （ B） screwed （ C） scraped （ D） scratched 25 Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close _. （ A） scrutiny （ B） temperament （ C） symmetry （ D） contamination 26 Th
13、e politician says he will the welfare of the people. （ A） prey on （ B） take on （ C） get at （ D） see to 27 Whenever anything _ happens, a crowd of people is certain to gather. （ A） famous （ B） sensational （ C） noted （ D） well-known 28 Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news
14、may create a great _. （ A） explosion （ B） sensation （ C） exaggeration （ D） stimulation 29 They tossed your thoughts back and forth for 6var an hour, but still could not make _ of them. （ A） impression （ B） comprehension （ C） meaning （ D） sense 30 She is so _ that she cried for days when her pet rabb
15、it died. （ A） sensitive （ B） sensible （ C） sensory （ D） senseless 31 Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _ by the judge. （ A） service （ B） sentence （ C） crime （ D） crisis 32 Out of _ revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and rain her reputation. （ A） perfect （ B） total
16、（ C） sheer （ D） integral 33 Your story about the frog turning into a prince is _ nonsense. （ A） sheer （ B） shear （ C） shield （ D） sheet 34 Jack was about to announce our plan but I _. （ A） put him through （ B） turned him out （ C） gave him up （ D） cut him short 35 As a result of careless washing, the
17、 jacket _ to a childs size. （ A） shrank （ B） compressed （ C） dropped （ D） decreased 36 Although he has had no formal education, he is one of the _ businessmen in the company. （ A） shrewdest （ B） sternest （ C） nastiest （ D） alertest 37 In our highly technological society, the number of jobs for unski
18、lled workers is _. （ A） shrinking （ B） obscuring （ C） altering （ D） constraining 38 Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations _. （ A） simultaneously （ B） spontaneously （ C） homogeneously （ D） contemporarily 39 This is a _ job. You need to be trained. （ A） skillful （ B） skilled
19、 （ C） competent （ D） competitive 40 He didnt have time to read the report word for word, he just _ it. （ A） skimmed （ B） observed （ C） overlooked （ D） glanced 二、 Cloze 40 Many people who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as
20、England.【 71】 , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others【 72】 to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish,【 73】 the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed【 74】 being classified as “English“. Even in England there are many
21、【 75】 in regional character and speech. The chief【 76】 is between southern England and northern England. South of a【 77】 going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by international students,【 78】 there are local variations. Further north, regional speech is usually
22、 “【 79】 “ than that of southern Britain. Northerners are【 80】 to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more【 81】 . They are openhearted and hospitable; visitors often find that they make friends with them【 82】 . Northerners generally have hearty【 83】 : the visitor to Lancashire or Yo
23、rkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous【 84】 at meal times. In accent and character the people of the Midlands【 85】 a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman. In Scotland the sound【 86】 by the letter “R“ is generally a strong sound, and “R“ is often
24、pronounced in words in which it would be【 87】 in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people,【 88】 inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently【 89】 as being more “fiery“ than the English. They
25、are【 90】 a race that is quite distinct from the English. （ A） In consequence （ B） In brief （ C） In general （ D） In fact （ A） confine （ B） attach （ C） refer （ D） add （ A） as （ B） which （ C） for （ D） so （ A） with （ B） by （ C） at （ D） for （ A） similarities （ B） differences （ C） certainties （ D） feature
26、s （ A） factor （ B） virtue （ C） privilege （ D） division （ A） line （ B） row （ C） border （ D） scale （ A） who （ B） when （ C） though （ D） for （ A） wider （ B） broader （ C） rarer （ D） scarcer （ A） used （ B） apt （ C） possible （ D） probable （ A） perfect （ B） notorious （ C） superior （ D） thorough （ A） swiftly
27、 （ B） promptly （ C） immediately （ D） quickly （ A） appetites （ B） tastes （ C） interests （ D） senses （ A） helpings （ B） offerings （ C） fillings （ D） findings （ A） represent （ B） designate （ C） demonstrate （ D） reckon （ A） delivered （ B） denoted （ C） depicted （ D） defined （ A） quiet （ B） obscure （ C） f
28、aint （ D） silent （ A） rather （ B） still （ C） somehow （ D） even （ A） rendered （ B） thought （ C） impressed （ D） described （ A） with （ B） of （ C） among （ D） against 三、 Reading Comprehension 60 The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic effect on your bodys ability to fight o
29、ff heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones. With remarkable consistency, recent research has found that a diet high in plant-based foods fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes is the bodys best weapon in thwarting m
30、any health-related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients you might use to protect your heart or ward off cancer will also benefit your intestinal tract and bones. Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to 40 percent of all cancers cou
31、ld be avoided if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles that have scant nutritional value. Up to 70 percent of cancers might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled their weight. In the past, re
32、searchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eating fruits, vegetables, and grains may be more important in. preventing the disease than not eating fat. “The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer seemed a lot stronger several years ago tha
33、n it does now,“ says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the American Institute for Cancer Research. The road to strong bones is paved with calcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources of calcium, the mineral that
34、puts stiffness into your skeletal system and keeps your bones from turning rubbery and fragile. Your body uses calcium for mom than keeping your bones strong. Calcium permits cells to divide, regulates muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutr
35、ients inside cells. If you dont absorb enough from what you eat to satisfy these requirements, your body will take it from your bones. Because your body doesnt produce this essential mineral, you must continually replenish the supply. Even though the recommended daily amount is 1,200 mg, most adults
36、 dont eat more than 500 mg. One mason may have been the perception that calcium-rich dairy products were also loaded with calories. “In the past, women, in particular, worded that dairy products were high in calories, “says Letha Y. Griffin, M. D., of Peachtree Orthopaedics in Atlanta.“ But today yo
37、u can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt. “Also, low-fat dairy products contain phosphorous and magnesium and are generally fortified with vitamin D, all of which help your body absorb and use calcium. If you find it difficult to inc
38、lude enough calcium in your diet, ask your doctor about supplements. They are a potent way to get calcium as well as vitamin D and other minerals. But if you rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet, you wont benefit from the other nutrients that food provides. Getting the recommended vitamin D
39、may be easy, since your body makes the vitamin when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. 61 Which kind of food is recommended to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones? （ A） Calcium-rich food. （ B） Plant-based and starchy staple food. （ C） High-fat, hi
40、gh-calorie food. （ D） Vitamin D-rich food. 62 The underlined word “thwarting“ (Para. 1) most probably means “_“. （ A） destroying （ B） forbidding （ C） curing （ D） preventing 63 _ percent of all cancers could be avoided if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fa
41、t, high-calorie edibles （ A） 30 to 40 （ B） 40 to 50 （ C） 50 to 60 （ D） 60 to 70 64 According to the passage, most cancers could be avcided by all of the following actions EXCEPT to _. （ A） stop smoking （ B） exercise regularly （ C） eat a non-fat diet （ D） control weight 65 Which of the following stat
42、ements is NOT true? （ A） Today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim mill or low-fat yogurt. （ B） Calcium plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. （ C） You can rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet to take
43、enough calcium. （ D） If you want to absorb calcium, you should expose yourself to the suns rays. 65 Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary a
44、nd an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful then idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the w
45、ork and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free t
46、o fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of
47、civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle
48、 rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as
49、hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they arc firmly persuaded. Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the
