1、考博英语模拟试卷 219及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Tom ran from the house in a terrible rage, his arms _ in the air. （ A） overriding （ B） flailing （ C） overacting （ D） forsaking 2 They have been arrested as suspected drug _. （ A） abortion （ B） vector （ C） uranium （ D） traffickers 3 She had a shy, reti
2、ring side to her personality that was completely at odds with her public _. （ A） persona （ B） tummy （ C） steppe （ D） rendezvous 4 Hong Kong was _ to Britain after the Opium War. （ A） congregated （ B） castigated （ C） ceded （ D） exceeded 5 Harry vacuum cleaners work entirely by _. （ A） suffrage （ B） s
3、uction （ C） suede （ D） subtlety 6 The company has consistently denied responsibility, but it agreed to the settlement to avoid the expense of _. （ A） tee （ B） tech （ C） llama （ D） litigation 7 English primrose need to be grown in rich damp soil with plenty of _ or compost worked into it. （ A） mariju
4、ana （ B） manure （ C） malt （ D） mallet 8 We spent the day _ through forests and over mountains. （ A） drudging （ B） dribbling （ C） trekking （ D） thumping 9 The organization has so far raised $5 million to finance bone _ trans-plants for children. （ A） marrow （ B） moron （ C） mussel （ D） mire 10 Napoleo
5、n was _ at the battle of Waterloo in 1815. （ A） sublimated （ B） interspersed （ C） vanquished （ D） interposed 11 Sarah _ articles to the New York Times from time to time. （ A） distributes （ B） issues （ C） subscribes （ D） contributes 12 The rain looked as though it had _ for the night. （ A） set off （
6、B） set in （ C） set out （ D） set up 13 The physician had to visit his patient six _ days before the patient could be considered in a fair condition. （ A） consequent （ B） consecutive （ C） consistent （ D） conservative 14 A research worker might _ that the existence of such kind of disease is due to the
7、 pollution of the area. （ A） refer （ B） infer （ C） confer （ D） prefer 15 Old Mr. Browns condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _. （ A） pull off （ B） pull up （ C） pull through （ D） pull out 16 When the nurse took his temperature, it was three degrees above _. （ A） average （ B） reg
8、ular （ C） normal （ D） ordinary 17 Processes in the human body are not in all respects exactly _ to those that can be produced in the experimental animals. （ A） comparative （ B） comparable （ C） competitive （ D） compatible 18 The doctor assured Susan that the pain would _ one hour after she took the m
9、edicine. （ A） wear out （ B） wear down （ C） wear away （ D） wear on 19 When confronted with such questions, my mind goes _ , and I can hardly remember my own date of birth. （ A） dim （ B） vain （ C） faint （ D） blank 20 The best solution to the problem can only be found by a process of trail and _. （ A）
10、mistake （ B） error （ C） success （ D） experiment 21 Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this _ produces artificial cold surrounding it. （ A） absorption （ B） transition （ C） consumption （ D） interaction 22 While some bacteria are beneficial, others are _
11、 in that they cause disease. （ A） detrimental （ B） prodigious （ C） intrusive （ D） mordant 23 Measuring skin fold thickness is considered to be an _ method for estimating the amount of fat on ones body. （ A） accessible （ B） accountable （ C） acceptable （ D） adaptable 24 The continuous unrest was _ the
12、 nations economy. （ A） exaggerating （ B） aggravating （ C） amending （ D） fastening 25 All parts of this machine are _ , so that it is very simple to get replacements for them. （ A） specialized （ B） standardized （ C） minimized （ D） modernized 26 The failure of the experiment to produce the expected re
13、sult should alone be _ to your carelessness. （ A） contributed （ B） ascribed （ C） distributed （ D） prescribed 27 The economic development of that small country is to a considerable extent limited by the _ of raw materials and low consumption level. （ A） abundance （ B） inflation （ C） deficiency （ D） i
14、nstallment 28 Susan made careful _ as to the kinds of cake and candy needed for her party. （ A） stimulation （ B） appreciation （ C） identification （ D） specification 29 If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater _ to produce. （ A） incentive （ B） i
15、nitiative （ C） instruction （ D） instinct 30 Substances, whether in the solid, liquid, or gaseous state, possess _ which are independent of the force of cohesion. （ A） attributes （ B） tendencies （ C） elements （ D） ingredients 二、 Reading Comprehension 30 One busy day, I was racing around trying to get
16、 too much done, and I exclaimed to my three kids in the car, “We can get both things done and kill two birds with one stone!“ My daughter Annie quietly suggested, “You mean feed two birds with one crumb, Mom, dont you? “ I stopped short, realizing how steeped my language is in the culture of war. I
17、had used “weapon“ language without even knowing it. I was embarrassed and yet felt a grace: if a child can become conscious of using a new language of peace, then there is hope. Think about the business language: strategies, bullets, high-caliber, power point; about win-lose sports language like “de
18、cimate“, “attack“, “destroy the other team“ , not to mention the movies and video games that simulate the most gruesome annihilations over and over. The lies of propaganda, one-sided media coverage, the alienation of others (those terrorists, the axis of evil) , all part of the “ collective psychic
19、numbing“ of our times. The biggest lie of all is that nuclear weapons are go,ng to protect us. Nuclear weapons are an assault on our life, our planet, and on the Creator of the universe. It seems to afflict what our people could be as a result of the mess seeming too big to handle for the average pe
20、rson, disconnected and disempowered. When the world food programme for children equals 1/70th of the annual world military expense, we see what a crisis we are in. Yet it inspired hope with the life examples of Mohandas Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela, Mother Teresa, Oscar Romero and othe
21、rs. Each spiritual leader lived the maxim, “no justice, no peace,“ nonviolently insisting on the truth, speaking truth to power without harming others or stripping their dignity. Imagine if we focused on this commonality, rather than what divides us; imagine if religions and religious leaders promul
22、gated a global culture of peace and tolerance. We do not have to feel overwhelmed; that U. N. structures, NGO documents, UNESCO declarations, peoples ideas for education exist already, that the internet is a rich source of counterculture information, eonnectedness and hope. Of what use is a vote or
23、medical care in a war-torn society? A culture of war is like a house of cards ; the house can fall and give rise, like the phoenix, to a new culture of peace. There are three fundamental ways to build a culture of peace: understand, participate, communicate. Ill bet our children can think of 50 more
24、, going out and waging peace. 31 How does the author feel about the current culture? （ A） Gratified. （ B） Ashamed. （ C） Indignant. （ D） Panicked. 32 What can we learn from the second paragraph? （ A） The public is surrounded by various violence and lies. （ B） So far we are deeply immersed in the cult
25、ure of war. （ C） Nuclear weapons are vivid expression of a culture of war. （ D） There is another arms race in someplace of the world. 33 By saying “imagine if religions and religious leaders promulgated. . . tolerance. “ (Line 5, Para. 3) the author means _. （ A） peace is the only way to achieve our
26、 human potential （ B） peace is a human right and can not be deprived of （ C） without peace, all other human rights are illusory （ D） they should lead the faithful away from extremes 34 The statement “A culture of war is like a house of cards“ (Line 10, last paragraph) implies except _. （ A） a cultur
27、e of war can be destroyed （ B） a culture of war is not safe and reliable （ C） a culture of war will lead to wars easily （ D） a culture of war can regenerate 35 From the passage we learn that the author is _. （ A） an enthusiast in world peace （ B） a conscientious linguistician （ C） a sympathizer with
28、 poor children （ D） a devotional Christian 35 There are some that would argue that hospitals are no place for dogs, while they are wrong. At least according to new research reported at the American Heart Associations Scientific Sessions 2005. For people hospitalized with advanced heart disease, it i
29、s better to have visitors than to lie quietly alone. But one type of visitor seems to be especially beneficial, researchers reported on Tuesday. That visitor is a dog. In the first controlled study of the effects of pet therapy in a random sample of acute and critically ill heart patients, anxiety a
30、s measured on a standard rating scale dropped 24 percent for those visited by a dog and a human volunteer, by 10 percent for those visited by a volunteer alone and not at all for those with no visitors. Similar results were found in measures of heart and lung function. The senior author of the Pet T
31、herapy Study, Kathie M. Cole, said 76 patients with heart failure, a condition that affects an estimated five million Americans, were randomly assigned one of the three visit types. The dogs, from 12 breeds, were screened for behavior and disease before participating in the study. “Some patients in
32、the first group,“ Ms. Cole said, “began to smile and immediately engaged in conversation with dog and volunteer. “ “Their worries seemed to vanish fiom their faces,“ she said. The researchers examined the patients three times: right before the 12-minute visit, eight minutes into it and tour minutes
33、after it was over. Besides the anxiety measurement, researchers found, patients levels of epinephrine, a hormone the body makes when under stress, dropped 17 percent when visited by a person and a dog, and 2 percent when visited by only a person. Epinephrine levels rose an average of 7 percent in th
34、e unvisited group in the study, which was financed by the Pet Care Trust Foundation, a nonprofit group. Pressure in the hearts top left chamber dropped 10 percent after a visit by volunteer and dog. The same pressure rose 3 percent for those visited by a volunteer and 5 percent for the unvisited gro
35、up. Pressure in the pulmonary artery dropped 5 percent during and after a visit by volunteer and dog, but rose in the other two groups. Ms. Cole recommended further studies to determine how long the benefits lasted. “Dogs are a great comfort,“ she said. “They make people happier, calmer and feel mor
36、e loved. That is huge when you are scared and not feeling well. “ 36 The sentence “Similar results were found. . . “ (Last sentence, Para. 1) means _. （ A） the measurement of patients heart and lung function drops when without visitor （ B） human volunteers only cant provide help for the patients hea
37、rt and lung function （ C） patients heart and lung work more effectively when visited by dog and volunteer （ D） none of the above 37 How can we know the heart patient is feeling better according to the study? （ A） When the anxiety measurement doesnt change. （ B） When the patients level of epinephrine
38、 drops. （ C） When he expresses feelings of being loved by visitors. （ D） When he shows the willingness to communicate with people. 38 Which one is used by researchers to determine the benefit of having a dog visitor? （ A） Blood pressure measurement. （ B） Happiness measurement. （ C） Anxiety measureme
39、nt. （ D） Heart rhythm measurement. 39 To which of the following statements would Ms. Cole most likely agree? （ A） Involve pet therapy into normal cures. （ B） Feed pets in every family. （ C） Use the dogs in scientific research. （ D） Avoid patients encounter with dogs. 40 Which of the following statem
40、ents is TRUE according to the article? （ A） People should provide moderate places for dogs in the hospitals. （ B） The benefits of being with dogs for heart patients cant last long. （ C） Encountering dogs will cause the abnormal heart rate of patients. （ D） Study identifies that dog can be the heart
41、patients best friend. 40 Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asked the crowd to gather in the auction room to bid for various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. T
42、his is called “knocking down“ the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform. The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction and the English word comes from the Latin “autic“, meaning “increase“. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils tak
43、en in war; these sales were called “sub hasta“, meaning “under the spear“, a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle“; a short candle was lit by the auctioneer and bids could be made
44、 while it was burning. Practically all goods can be sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, fruit, vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and works of art. The auction rooms at Chrit
45、ies and Sothebys in London and New York are world famous. An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by the buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods t
46、o be sold together, called a “lot“ , is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with lot one and continue the numerical order; he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneers servic
47、es are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the goods he is selling, and he should be acquainted
48、with regular buyers of such goods. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the rivalries among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other. It is largely on his advice that a seller will fix a “
49、reserve“ price, that is, a price below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult to stop a “knock-out“, whereby dealers illegally arrange beforehand not to hid against each other, but nominate one of themselves as the only bidder, in the hope of buying goods at extremely low prices. If such a “knock-out“ comes off, the real auction sale takes place privatel
