1、考博英语模拟试卷 237及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 According to_across the relevant research community, the published attack represents an extreme position in its demands for proof. （ A） soundings （ B） echoes （ C） sonar systems （ D） reflections 2 Everyone who has visited the city agrees that it is_wit
2、h life. （ A） vibrant （ B） violent （ C） energetic （ D） full 3 The priest made the_of the cross when he entered the church. （ A） mark （ B） signal （ C） sign （ D） gesture 4 The jobs of wildlife technicians and biologists seemed_to him, but one day he discovered their difference. （ A） identical （ B） vert
3、ical （ C） parallel （ D） specific 5 The _ amongst the worlds scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next few decades. （ A） censure （ B） consensus （ C） census （ D） censor 6 Some linguists believe that the_age for children learning a foreign language is 5 to 8. （ A） optimistic （ B）
4、optional （ C） optimal （ D） oppressed 7 When bothered by other animals or humans, some species of horned lizards will posture threateningly and squirt blood from their eyes. （ A） fiercely （ B） distrustfully （ C） menacingly （ D） impudently 8 These notes, which are relevant to international students, a
5、re intended to supplement information given in the Guide and should be read _ the appropriate sections on accommodation, applications, entrance requirements, etc. （ A） in comparison with （ B） in conjunction with （ C） in conflict with （ D） in contrast with 9 The term “New Australians“ came into vogue
6、 in the 50s and 60s, which implied that the goal of immigration was assimilation and that migrants would place their new-found Australian identity ahead of the _ context from which they had come. （ A） athletic （ B） ethic （ C） aesthetic （ D） ethnic 10 They are going to have the serviceman _ an electr
7、ic fan in the office tomorrow. （ A） install （ B） to install （ C） to be installed （ D） installed 11 I spent the whole day yesterday rearranging my books_their subjects and frequency of use. （ A） as regards （ B） as against （ C） as of （ D） as from 12 The old man was remarkably _. He was a musician, eng
8、ineer, writer and philosopher. （ A） unilateral （ B） universal （ C） audacious （ D） versatile 13 Once the _ contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved. （ A） principle （ B） principal （ C） potential （ D） primitive 14 Some _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble. （ A） seemingly （ B）
9、 satisfactorily （ C） uniformly （ D） universally 15 The houses in this area were all erected in _ of housing regulations. （ A） compliance （ B） defiance （ C） alliance （ D） obedience 16 It will take us twenty minutes to get to the railway station,_traffic delays. （ A） acknowledging （ B） affording （ C）
10、allowing for （ D） accounting for 17 He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk _ around one topic. （ A） coherently （ B） initiatively （ C） flexibly （ D） pointedly 18 Their _ - that their project under way was something entirely new proved to be untrue. （ A） repet
11、ition （ B） assumption （ C） impression （ D） comparison 19 There is an undesirable _ nowadays to make films showing violence. （ A） direction （ B） tradition （ C） phenomenon （ D） trend 20 The football match was_ because of the snow. （ A） called off （ B） put away （ C） set aside （ D） counted on 21 In orde
12、r to stimulate the domestic economy, the government has _ to reduce imports. （ A） pledged （ B） resorted （ C） suggested （ D） hesitated 22 He wouldnt answer the reporters questions, nor would he _ for a photograph. （ A） pose （ B） summon （ C） marshal （ D） highlight 23 Your wish to go for a walk does no
13、t _ your leaving the baby alone in the house. （ A） rectify （ B） notify （ C） signify （ D） justify 24 Nixon was a man of limited means,and when he won his Senate seat, a group of businessmen had publicly solicited funds to enable him to keep in touch with the voters in his home state. （ A） donated . （
14、 B） reserved （ C） enlarged （ D） sought 25 Although Darwinism was a profoundly _ world view, it was essentially passive, since it prescribed no steps to be taken, no victories over nature to be celebrated, no program of triumphs to be successively gained. （ A） limited （ B） debatable （ C） innovative （
15、 D） paradoxical 26 Why are some of us good at math, or writing, while others _ at art or basketball? （ A） work （ B） gaze （ C） aim （ D） excel 27 The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston _ a sharp response from the North, which led to the American Civil War. （ A） intent on （ B） provoked （ C） elated （
16、 D） pruned 28 The computer can _ stored information in a matter of minutes. （ A） retrieve （ B） reassure （ C） release （ D） revive 29 To our great delight, yesterday we received a(n) _donation from a benefactor. （ A） handsome （ B） awesome （ C） miserly （ D） prodigal 30 The soldier was_of running away w
17、hen the enemy approached. （ A） scolded （ B） charged （ C） accused （ D） punished 二、 Cloze 30 One way of improving ones writing is to get into the habit of keeping a record of your observations, of storing 【 B1】 _ in a note-book or journal. You should make notes on your experiences and on your 【 B2】 _
18、of everyday life so that they are preserved. It is sad 【 B3】 _ to be able to retrieve a lost idea that seemed brilliant when it flashed across your 【 B4】 _ , or a forgotten fact that you need to make a point in a argument or to illustrate a conclusion. The journal habit has still 【 B5】 _ value. Just
19、 【 B6】 _ you need to record observations-the material for writing-you need to practice putting thoughts on paper. Learning to write is more like learning to ski 【 B7】 _ it is like studying calculus or anthropology. Practice helps you discover ways to improve. Writing down ideas for your own use forc
20、es you to examine them. Putting thoughts on paper for someone else to read 【 B8】 _ you to evaluate not 【 B9】 _ the content-what you saybut also the expression 【 B10】 _ you say it. Many writers have benefited from this habit. 31 【 B1】 _ 32 【 B2】 _ 33 【 B3】 _ 34 【 B4】 _ 35 【 B5】 _ 36 【 B6】 _ 37 【 B7】
21、_ 38 【 B8】 _ 39 【 B9】 _ 40 【 B10】 _ 41 【 C1】 42 【 C3】 （ A） entire （ B） complete （ C） total （ D） all 42 English remains a dominant and universal language, which presently【 51】 as a connection-link between great varieties of different nations. Now English is spoken mainly in every corner of the world.
22、 It is very convenient in【 52】 of facilitating contacts between people from different countries. The British council put the figure of 750 million English language speakers. The only【 53】 that the percentage of papers published in English has gone from 65% to 85% in the last 25 years is self-explana
23、tory and only【 54】 the prevalence of English in all spheres of life. The importance of English skills has been exaggerated to the【 55】 that it overweighs practically everything in assessing persons competency. 【 56】 of controversial information that English dominance will be replaced by Chinese, Ara
24、bic or Hindi languages by 2050, which was introduced by a linguist and methodologist David Graddol, a quantity of English language learners is increasing by【 57】 and bounds. It is quite reasonable that everybody in the world should be【 58】 an opportunity to learn English in order to be able to commu
25、nicate effectively at the global level Though, this is by no【 59】 always the case that English learning comes easily to people. Many English learners struggle with English to no purpose for years and cannot master it, whatever【 60】 they exert. The point is that some people have【 61】 linguistic abili
26、ties, so called a feeling for languages and a way【 62】 for others is to learn how to learn English effectively. Most of us can succeed【 63】 dint of our diligence and perseverance. Undoubtedly, every person eau become a successful English learner. The main thing is to sort【 64】 and develop a set of s
27、uccessful language learning techniques, which, indeed,【 65】 from one learner to another. 1. Have curiosity to learn English and cognate something new, opening unexplored horizons of knowledge. Curiosity is a【 66】 force, which will push you up in English learning. You can be inquisitive about languag
28、e, culture, traditions, or even people who【 67】 this country. You should always try to find a force, which will make you tick and help you advance with rapid strides. Someone calls it motivation; others name it an eager【 68】 to learn. No matter how it is called, the main thing is that it brings last
29、ing and positive results. 2. Treat realistically a【 69】 of your goal, your potential and your time. Remember that English learning is impossible to limit within some frameworks. Because language learning has a beginning, but it does not have an exact ending, as English learning prolongs in the whole
30、【 70】 of your life. 62 When travelers lack an awareness of 【 51】 time is regulated in a foreign country, they can expect to feel somewhat disoriented. Since most people 【 52】 time for granted, the effects of values, customs, and social etiquette on the use of time are seldom examined. A culture that
31、 values achievement and progress will discourage people 【 53】 “wasting“ time. Highly efficient business people from these cultures may feel frustrated in a country 【 54】 work proceeds at a slow pace. In religious societies, customs specify times of the day, week, or year for prayer and religious cel
32、ebrations. If an individual tries to 【 55】 an appointment during a sacred holiday, he or she could unknowingly offend a religious person. Social etiquette determines appropriate times for visits, meetings, and even phone calls. Arriving two hours late for an 【 56】 may be acceptable in one culture, w
33、hereas in 【 57】 , keeping someone 【 58】 fifteen minutes may be considered rude. Promptness is important in American business, academic, and social settings. The 【 59】 of punctuality is taught to young children in school. Tardy slips and the use of bells signal to the child that punctuality and time
34、itself are to be respected. An amusing report of a school childs experience with time 【 60】 in a recent newspaper article: “ 【 61】 a child, my mother used to tell me 【 62】 crucial it was to be at school 【 63】 the first bell rang. Preparation for my on-time appearance began the night before. I was di
35、rected to go to bed early so I could wake 【 64】 wide-eyed at 7 a.m. with enough time to get ready. Although I usually managed to watch my share of TV cortoons, I knew that in one hour I had to get dressed, eat breakfast, 【 65】 my teeth, 【 66】 my hair, and be on my way to school or I would be violati
36、ng an important rule of Moms, the schools or of the worlds. It was hard to tell which.“ People who keep appointments are 【 67】 dependable. If people are late to job interviews, appointments, or classes, they are often viewed 【 68】 unreliable and irresponsible. In the business world, “time is money“
37、and companies may fine their executives for tardiness to business meetings. Of course, it is not always possible to be punctual. Social and business etiquette also provides rules for late arrivals. Calling on the telephone if one is going lo be more than a few minutes late for scheduled appointments
38、 is considered polite and is often expected. Keeping a date or a friend wailing beyond ten to twenty minutes is considered rude. On the other 【 69】 ,arriving thirty minutes 【 70】 to some parties is acceptable. 82 Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help
39、 being struck by the appearance of the women taking part. Their hair-styles and make-up look dated; their skirts look either too long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing
40、 about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age. This illusion is created by changing fashions.【 C1】 _The same cannot be said for women. Each year a few so-called top designers in Paris or London lay down the law and women over the whole world rush to obey. The decre
41、es of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year they decide in their arbitrary fashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out. Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised. If women are merciless
42、ly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. 【 C2】 _Clothes, which have been worn, only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announ
43、cing sadly that she has nothing to wear. 【 C3】 _Many women squander vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women, who cannot afford to discard clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Hem-limes are taken up or let down; wais
44、t-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on. 【 C4】 _Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount
45、 of discomfort, providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in dainty shoes. 【 C5】 _Do the constantly changing fashions of womens cl
46、othes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness and instability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. A. Changing fashions are nothing mor
47、e than the deliberate creation of waste. B. No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. C. The difference between men and women in the matter of fashion is fascinating. D. Over the year, the great majority of men have successfully resisted all attempt
48、s to make them change their style of dress. E. Because they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually black-mailed by the designers and the big stores. 83 【 C1】 84 【 C2】 85 【 C3】 86 【 C4】 87 【 C5】 三、 Reading Comprehension 87 In a perfectly f
49、ree and open market economy, the type of employergovernment or private- -should have little or no impact on the earnings differentials between women and men. However if there is discrimination against one sex, it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and private employers will be the sam
