1、考博英语模拟试卷 79及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other _. （ A） bruises （ B） blunders （ C） handicaps （ D） drawbacks 2 Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was _ in tropic countries. （ A） prospecti
2、ve （ B） prevalent （ C） provocative （ D） perpetual 3 After several nuclear disasters, a _ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy. （ A） quarrel （ B） suspicion （ C） verdict （ D） controversy 4 He is a(n) _ and well-behaved child, but his parents worry about him for he talks too little. （ A） obedien
3、t （ B） transient （ C） conscious （ D） passionate 5 Mary once _ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music. （ A） merged （ B） collaborated （ C） coincided （ D） constituted 6 A man has to make_ for his old age by putting aside enough to live on when old. （ A） supply （ B） assurance （ C） provisi
4、on （ D） adjustment 7 Earl was balancing himself on top of the fence when he lost his _ and fell off. （ A） equilibrium （ B） equivalence （ C） equivalent （ D） equation 8 The _ of a society, club, etc, are the records of its doings, especially as published each year. （ A） procedures （ B） processes （ C）
5、proceedings （ D） projects 9 Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _ know where to look. （ A） virtually （ B） initially （ C） invariably （ D） infinitely 10 Outsiders have _ the success of Eastern Asias economics with admiration, wonderment and sometimes hostility. （ A） gazed （ B） g
6、lanced （ C） contemplated （ D） peered 11 It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an _ plan. （ A） inherent （ B） ingenious （ C） infectious （ D） indulgent 12 There are some _ between their two descriptions; we are puzzled which we should believe. （ A） discrepancies （ B） distractions （ C） diver
7、sions （ D） discretion 13 In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to _ dreams were likely to be highly respected. （ A） interpret （ B） intervene （ C） inherit （ D） impact 14 Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on _. （ A）
8、consciousness （ B） impulse （ C） instinct （ D） response 15 Equipment not _ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop. （ A） conforming to （ B） consistent with （ C） predominant over （ D） providing for 16 According to a growing number of experts, it is already technically _ to con
9、struct a pioneering space colony, powered by solar energy. （ A） practical （ B） flexible （ C） feasible （ D） beneficial 17 Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly _ to hot, dry winds. They are what we call weather-sensitive people. （ A） subjective （ B） subordinate （
10、 C） liable （ D） vulnerable 18 These areas rely on agriculture almost _, having few mineral recourses and a minimum of industrial development. （ A） respectively （ B） extraordinarily （ C） incredibly （ D） exclusively 19 There is no doubt that the _ of these goods to the others is easy to see. （ A） pres
11、tige （ B） superiority （ C） priority （ D） publicity 20 Military orders are _ and cannot be disobeyed. （ A） defective （ B） conservative （ C） alternative （ D） imperative 21 Some educators try to put students of similar abilities into the same class because they believe this kind of _ grouping is advisa
12、ble. （ A） homogenous （ B） instantaneous （ C） spontaneous （ D） anonymous 22 All the people in the stadium cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons _ slowly into the sky. （ A） ascending （ B） elevating （ C） escalating （ D） lingering 23 He obviously displayed a great _ for some of your poe
13、ms. （ A） consent （ B） admiration （ C） respect （ D） pleasure 24 The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause _ of vegetables in the coming days. （ A） rarity （ B） scarcity （ C） invalidity （ D） variety 25 It is probably both that he is going to the meeting on time _ by the morning traffic jam
14、. （ A） and that he might be delayed （ B） or that he might be delayed （ C） and he might be delayed （ D） otherwise that he might be delayed 26 With a wave of his hand, the magician made the duck _ （ A） scatter （ B） vanish （ C） abandon （ D） fly away 27 The point at _ at the meeting is whether they are
15、to import the assembly line. （ A） argument （ B） controversy （ C） issue （ D） conflict 28 They had planned to go outing this weekend, but they finally had to _ it because of the rainy weather. （ A） cancel （ B） eliminate （ C） delay （ D） prolong 29 This dictionary is _ intended for American learners of
16、Chinese. （ A） especially （ B） particularly （ C） specifically （ D） uniquely 30 A UN official said that aid programs would be _ until there was adequate protection for relief convoy. （ A） depended （ B） suspended （ C） postponed （ D） expended 二、 Reading Comprehension 30 In addition to redistributing inc
17、omes, inflation may affect the total real income and production of the community. An increase in prices is usually associated with high employment. In moderate inflation, industries are operating efficiently and output is near capacity. There is a great deal of private investment and jobs are plenti
18、ful. Such has been the historical pattern. Thus many business persons and union leaders, in evaluating a little deflation and a little inflation, consider the latter to be the lesser of two evils. In mild inflation, the losses to fixed-income groups are usually less than gains to the rest of the com
19、munity. Even worker with relatively fixed wages are often better off because of improved employment opportunities and greater take-home pay, a rise in interest rates on new securities may partly compensate for any losses to creditor, and increases in pension benefits may partly make losses to retire
20、es. In deflation, on the other hand, the growing unemployment of labor and capital causes the communitys total well-being to be less; so in a sense, the gainers get less than the losers lose. As a matter of fact, in a depression, or a time of severe deflation, almost everyone suffers, including the
21、creditor who is left with uncollectible debts. For these reasons as increase in consumption of investment spending is considered good in times of unemployment, even if this tends to increase prices slightly. When the economic system is suffering from severe depression, few people will criticize priv
22、ate or public spending on the ground that this might be inflationary. Actually, most of this increased spending will increase production and create jobs. Once, full employment and full plant capacity have been reached, however, any further increases in spending are likely to be completely wasted in
23、prices increase. 31 “Historical patterns“ mentioned in the passage means that in mild inflation _. （ A） there will be more production and employment （ B） private investment will be moderate and peoples income influenced （ C） the bad effects of the two evils will be associated with each other （ D） in
24、dustrial revolution made men and women more equal 32 Which of the following happens if there is mild inflation? （ A） Everyone loses because of the increase of prices. （ B） Retired people do experience any influence. （ C） Creditors gain rather than lose with a rise in interest rates. （ D） Some people
25、 gain more while other lose. 33 In times of inflation _. （ A） people like private or public investment （ B） there is usually full plant capacity （ C） creditors suffer more than other people （ D） everyone suffers and no one gains 34 The authors attitude towards investment is that _. （ A） the more the
26、 investment, the better thc economy （ B） private investment is better than public investment （ C） investment should be set to a limit （ D） investment at the time of inflation is considered better than at the time of deflation 35 Which of the following is clearly the authors own opinion? （ A） The les
27、ser of the two evils is not deflation but inflation. （ B） Peoples income is influenced by both inflation and deflation. （ C） Investment is good in times of deflation and unemployment. （ D） Private and public investment can cause inflation during deflation. 35 Perhaps all criminals should be required
28、 to carry cards which read: Fragile; Handle with Care. It will never so, these days to go around referring to criminals as violent thugs. You must refer to them politely as “social misfits“. The professional killer who wouldnt think twice about using his club or knife to batter some harmless old lad
29、y to death in order to rob her of her meager life-savings must never be given a dose of his own medicine. He is in need of “hospital treatment“. According to his misguided defenders, society is to blame. A wicked society breeds evil-or so the argument goes. When you listen to this kind of talk, it m
30、akes you wonder why we arent all criminals. We have done away with the absurdly harsh laws of the nineteenth century and this is only right. But surely enough is enough. The most senseless piece of criminal legislation in Britain and a number of other countries has been the suspension of capital pun
31、ishment. The violent criminal has become akin of hero-figure in our time. He is glorified on the screen; he is pursued by the press and paid vast sums of money for his “memoirs“. Newspapers which specialize in crime reporting enjoy enormous circulations and the publishers of trashy cops and robbers
32、stories or “murder mysteries“ have never had it so good. When you read about the achievements of the great train robbers, it makes you wonder whether you are reading about the some glorious resistance movement. The hardened criminal is cuddled and cosseted by the sociologists on the one hand and ado
33、red as a hero by the masses on the other. Its no wonder he is a privileged person who expects and receives VIP treatment wherever he goes. Capital punishment used to be a major deterrent. It made the violent robber think twice before pulling the trigger. It gave the cold-blooded poisoner something t
34、o ponder about while he was shaking up or serving his arsenic cocktail. It prevented unarmed policemen from being killed while pursuing their duty by killers armed with automatic weapons. Above all, it protected the most vulnerable members of society, young children, from brutal violence. It is horr
35、ifying to think that the criminal can literally get away with murder. We all know that “life sentence“ does not mean what it says. After ten years or so of good comfortably, thank you, on the proceeds of his crime, of he will go on committing offences until he is caught again. People are always will
36、ing to hold liberal views at the expense of others. Its always fashionable to pose as the defender of under-dog, so long as you, personally, remain unaffected. Did the defenders of crime, one wonders, in their desire for fair-play, consult the victims before they suspended capital punishment? Hardly
37、. You see, they couldnt, because all the victims were dead. 36 What is the main idea of the text? （ A） Society is to blame for the rising crime. （ B） All the criminals arc to be sympathized. （ C） Crime defenders have done a lot for criminals. （ D） Severe punishment should be used to prevent crime. 3
38、7 In the authors opinion, all the following are to blame for crime EXCEPT _. （ A） society （ B） the criminals themselves （ C） the suspension of life sentence （ D） the defenders role 38 The word “deterrent“(Line 1, Para. 3) most probably means“ _ “. （ A） threat （ B） delay （ C） determination （ D） hindr
39、ance 39 What is the tone of the text? （ A） Critical. （ B） Cynical. （ C） Ironic. （ D） Humorous. 40 What is the authors attitude toward capital punishment? （ A） Negative. （ B） Sympathetic. （ C） Supportive. （ D） Neutral. 40 The gravitational pull of the Earth and moon is important to us as we attempt t
40、o conquer more and more of outer-space. Heres why. As a rocket leaves the Earth, the pull of the Earth on it becomes less and less as the rocket roars out into space. If you imagine a line between the Earth the pull of the Earth and the moon, there is a point somewhere along that line, nearer to the
41、 moon than to the Earth, at which the gravitation pull of both the Earth and the moon on an object is just about equal. An object placed on the moon side of that point would be drawn to the moon. An object placed on the Earth side of that point would be drawn to the Earth. Therefore, a rocket need b
42、e sent only to this “point of no return“ in order to get it to the moon. The moons gravity will pull it the rest of the way. The return trip of the rocket to Earth is, in some ways, less of a problem. The Earths gravitational field reaches far closer to the moon than does the moons to Earth. Thus it
43、 will be necessary to fire an Earthbound rocket only a few thousand miles away from the moon to reach a point where the rocket will drift to earth under the Earths gravitational pull. The problem of rocket travel is not so much concerned with getting the rocket into space as it is with guiding the r
44、ocket after it leaves the Earths surface. Remember that the moon is constantly circling the Earth. A rocket fired at the moon and continuing in the direction in which it was fired would miss the moon by a wide margin and perhaps continue to drift out into space until “captured“ in another planets gr
45、avitational field. To reach the moon, a rocket must be fired toward the point where the moon will be when the rocket has traveled the required distance. This requires precise calculations of the speed and direction of the rocket and of the speed and direction of the moon. For a rocket to arrive at a
46、 point where the moons gravity will pull it the rest of the way, it must reach a speed called velocity of escape. This speed is about 25,000 miles per hour. At a speed less than this, a rocket will merely circle the Earth in an orbit and eventually fall back to Earth. 41 This passage deals mainly wi
47、th _. （ A） the gravitational pull of the Earth and the moon （ B） the factors involved in firing a rocket into the outer-space （ C） the gravitational fields of the Earth and the moon （ D） the speed and direction of a rocket traveling in the outer-space 42 It can be seen that if a rocket misses its ta
48、rget, it keeps on traveling through space until _. （ A） it burns up （ B） it is caught in the gravitational field of another planet （ C） it is brought back to the Earth by scientists （ D） it runs out of fuel 43 A rocket might miss its target, by a “wide margin“. This means the rocket missed the targe
49、t _. （ A） because of mechanical failure （ B） by a great deal （ C） by a small distance （ D） because the target moved 44 According to the passage, the most difficult task of fining a rocket is _. （ A） to get the rocket into the space （ B） to calculate the rockets velocity of escape （ C） to guide the rocket after it leaves the Earths surface （ D） to identify the gravitational
