1、考博英语（阅读理解）练习试卷 4及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 0 Amid remarkable progress on inflation and fiscal reform, Italy heads into 1998 with bright prospects for economic growth and its first-round entry into a single-currency Europe all but certain. Continued wrangling over welfare reform is a potential s
2、tumbling block in the new year, but Italy appears to be on its way to a lasting recovery. The growth speedup began in the second quarter of 1997, but the pace has been exaggerated by government incentives to spur auto sales. Third-quarter real gross domestic product grew 1. 9% from a year ago, and g
3、iven the jump in October industrial production, fourth-quarter GDP should reach 296. Although growth is expected to ease hack in the first half of 1998, as the auto-led boom wanes, several key factors will fuel continued growth. First, short-term interest rates have fallen 5 percentage points in the
4、 past two years, reflecting inflations drop from 6 % to 1.6% in November. Further cuts in official rates are expected after passage of the 1998 budget by year end 1997, as Italy aligns its rates with those across Europe prior to monetary union. Official rates are expected to drop from 6. 25% current
5、ly to 4. 5% or less during the first half, supplying a big boost to domestic demand. Also, while Italys fiscal policy will stay tighter than that of Europe generally, the severe drag of recent years will have lifted. Moreover, trade is a plus, since Italy is one of the European economies least expos
6、ed to the Asian crisis, based on an analysis by J. P. Morgan & Co. The lira should remain stable, and the downdraft from its steep appreciation in 1995 and 1996 is fading. Even with growth set to pick up, inflation in 1998 should remain within the Bank of Italys 2% target, especially with joblessnes
7、s expected to remain above 12%, and with wage growth set to slow. Because 1997 inflation came in less than the governments target, contractual wage adjustments for 1998 will adjust downward, reflecting the undershoot, from about 4% in 1997. Slower wage growth also will help the 1998 budget deficit t
8、o dip below 3% of GDP. (354 words) 1 Whats the topic of this passage? （ A） Economic growth of Italy. （ B） Fiscal reform of Italy. （ C） Inflation in Italy. （ D） Fiscal policy of Italy. 2 Since Italy is out of the red, it seems that Italy_. （ A） has no need of continued wrangling over welfare reform （
9、 B） still has to pay off its debt （ C） may probably be able to enjoy a permanent economic recovery （ D） cant remain like this forever 3 The growth speedup was mainly brought forth by_. （ A） the spur of auto sales （ B） the growth of real gross domestic products （ C） a big boost of domestic demand （ D
10、） a slow growth in wages 4 During the first half of 1998 Italy will get all EXCEPT_. （ A） a sharp increase in auto sales （ B） a great drop in inflation （ C） further cuts in official rates （ D） the slow growth of wages 5 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） Inflation has
11、dropped. （ B） The growth acceleration started in the first half of 1998. （ C） Official rates are expected to cut more. （ D） The fiscal policy will stay tighter than that of Europe in general. 5 It is not easy to talk about your feelings when you are four weeks old. That is a shame, because from the
12、moment we are born we have a lot to say. If parents knew how to respond, troubled babies might be a lot less likely to grow into troubled kids. For all the progress that science has made in unraveling the secrets of the childs brain, it is moms and grandmothers who have always had the right idea. A
13、child with problems, they insist, makes no secret of it from the start, coming into the world timid, moody, jumpy or worse. A growing body of research shows that newborns do tip their emotional hand early on, giving parents a chance to take control of behavioral problems and maybe even prevent condi
14、tions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or depression from fully taking hold. Says Lawrence Diller, professor of pediatrics at the University of California, San Francisco: “Using parenting techniques fit for a childs personality can improve things dramatically for both parents
15、and kids. “ The idea of telltale(流露 )infant behavior is not new. In the 1950s, husband-and-wife psychiatric team Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas, both now 87, identified nine factors of temperament activity level, attention span, adaptability, intensity, distractibility, mood, sensory threshold, r
16、esponse to challenge and predictability of functions such as eating and sleeping that emerge at about four weeks and indicate a lot about personality. “At one month, behavior starts to be discernible,“ says Chess today. “These differences define it. “ Perhaps the best way to keep a difficult baby fr
17、om becoming an impossible child is to practice preventive parenting something some parents do naturally. When a baby is resistant to novelty, parents must use artifice to present new things. Well before the first day of preschool, parents can begin slowly exposing the child to the idea: go for a dri
18、ve to the school one day, return for a walk around the halls the next. “Give the child lead time,“ says Dr. William B. Carey, professor of pediatrics at the University of Pennsylvania, “but insist the change be made. “(354 words) 6 According to the author, _. （ A） we have a lot to say at birth （ B）
19、parents can understand their baby once they see it （ C） problematic babies can be cured when they are four weeks old （ D） its shameless for us not to be able to speak the moment we are born 7 From the second paragraph, we can see_. （ A） moms and grandmothers ideas can not always be right （ B） resear
20、chers have proved that newborns express their temperament （ C） ADHD or depression can be cured when the baby is born （ D） researchers are amazed by moms and grandmothers discovery 8 Which of the following is NOT true based on the third paragraph? （ A） Nine aspects can determine a babys personality.
21、（ B） Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas are a couple. （ C） The idea of telltale infant behavior has not been put forward until recently. （ D） Nine determinants of temperament appear at about four weeks. 9 “Parenting technique“ is put forth by_. （ A） Lawrence Diller （ B） William B.Carey （ C） Chess （ D
22、） Thomas 10 What does “lead time“ in the last paragraph mean? （ A） Hard training period. （ B） Transitional period. （ C） Time for leisure. （ D） An easy life. 10 Confirming what women have long known, an American study released on Wednesday-shows men are dragging their feet on getting married. Researc
23、hers say one of the biggest reasons that men are delaying marriage is that more and more couples are choosing to live together before marriage. As a result, sex- -traditionally one of the main reasons for men to marry is relatively easily available, they say. “In a sense, with cohabitation he gets a
24、 quasi-wife without having to commit,“ said David Popenoe, co-director of the National Marriage Project at Rutgers University in New Jersey. “Another big thing in addition to cohabitation is that these men are very, very concerned about divorce. It is not getting your heart broken. . . the worst thi
25、ng that could happen is that somebody could take their money,“ Popenoe adds. The preliminary findings reports on the attitudes toward marriage of 60 unmarried, heterosexual men, between the ages of 25 33. The participants, from different religious, ethnic and family backgrounds, were from four major
26、 metropolitan areas in northern New Jersey, Chicago, Houston, and Washington D. C. Researchers say both men and women are putting off getting married. The average-age for mens first marriage is now 27, the oldest in history, the study shows. This compares to the average age of 23 in 1960, Popenoe sa
27、id. For women, the average age of their first marriage has risen to 25, a full five years older than the 1960 average. And giving women even more reason to be impatient that their boyfriends are dragging their feet, researchers say the trend favors the men. “Guys can afford to wait to marry. The old
28、er they get, the better their chances in some ways of getting married, while for women it is the reverse,“ Popenoe said. “Once a woman gets into her 30s, it is more likely that she will have to marry a man who was married earlier. It is more likely that she will marry a man who brings kidsdnto the m
29、arriage) and more likely that she will have a child by herself,“ Popenoe says. (344 words) 11 What is the main idea of the report? （ A） Confirmation of womens guess. （ B） Marriage in America. （ C） American men are delaying marriage. （ D） American women are against mens delay of marriage. 12 What doe
30、s “commit“ (Line 1, Para. 3) mean? （ A） Buy jewels for the lady. （ B） give deposit. （ C） Be successful in career. （ D） Make promises to he responsible. 13 Which is NOT the reason for men to drag their feet on his marriage according to the passage? （ A） Sex is easier to obtain. （ B） Fear of iuture di
31、vorce. （ C） Waiting for a nicer girl. （ D） Not wanting to lose money. 14 What can we infer about the survey in the fifth paragraph? （ A） It is comprehensive and scientific. （ B） The report findings are primitive. （ C） Young men in New Jersey, Chicago, Houston, and Washington D.C like to delay marria
32、ge. （ D） To be homosexual is the precondition for this survey. 15 What is NOT the attitude of researchers towards delay of marriage? （ A） Delay of marriage is beneficial to males. （ B） Delay of marriage will put women at a disadvantage. （ C） It is reasonable for females to object to their boyfriends
33、 dragging their feet on getting married. （ D） Since women postpone their first marriage as late as 25, it is fair for men to delay marriage. 考博英语（阅读理解）练习试卷 4答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 【知识模块】 阅读理解 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章的第一句话就是中心思想 “随着意大利在通货膨胀和财政方面进行了改革并取得了进步 ， ”与 A项内容相符。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解
34、析】 句中 out of the red是 “没有赤字 ”之意，另外第一段最后一句中有lasting。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 从第第二段第一句的后半部分可以得知，意大利在经济上的快速发展是政府采取了刺激汽车消费带来的。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第一句里的 auto-led boom wanes是说 “以汽车带动的繁荣将减退 ”，所以说汽车销售不会大大地增长。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 参考第二段第一句。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 【知识模块】 阅读理解 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】
35、“当我们一生下来的时候就有很多活要说 ”与原句一样故选 A。从第三句所用的虚拟语气可以看出， B“孩子一出生，父母就能够理解孩子的心思 ”是不对的。 C项错处在于孩子有缺点，不可能 在四周前就能纠正。 D项错在shameless一词上。 Its shameless是 “不要脸 ”的意思；而原文是 a shame则表示“可惜 ”之意。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 A“妈妈和奶奶的想法不总是对的 ”与第二段第一句不符。 B“研究人员已经证实新生儿能够表达自己的性情 ”符合原文。 C项错在这两种毛病不可能完全被控制，只能在某种程度上预防。 D的内容文章里没有提到。 【
36、知识模块】 阅读理解 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 婴儿行为预示理论早在 50年代就提出来了，不是新的。参考第二段。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 参考第二段最后一句。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 lead time原本之意是 “定货至交货的时间 ”转义为 “过渡适应期 ”故选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 【知识模块】 阅读理解 11 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 从文章第一段和第二段第一句可以看出本文的主题是 “美国男人为什么很迟才结婚 ”，故选 C。 B的内容过大 A和 D的内容过小。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 commit的意思是 “答应负责任 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章的第二段到第五段是解释男人推迟结婚的理由。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 由于被选择的做调查人员比较典型，地区分布比较合理，具有一定的代表性，所以我们认为这场试验全面、可信，故选 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 15 【正确答案】 D 【 试题解析】 A和 B的内容在文章里有明确的叙述， C项内容在文章倒数第三段， D的结论在文章早找不到。 【知识模块】 阅读理解
