1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 4及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 She was close, to success. （ A） fast （ B） quick （ C） near （ D） tight 2 The two girls look alike. （ A） beautiful （ B） similar （ C） pretty （ D） attractive 3 The boy is intelligent. （ A） clever （
2、B） naughty （ C） difficult （ D） active 4 Everybody was glad to see Mary back. （ A） sorry （ B） sad （ C） angry （ D） happy 5 What is your goal in life? （ A） plan （ B） aim （ C） arrangement （ D） idea 6 Jack was dismissed. （ A） fired （ B） fined （ C） exhausted （ D） criticized 7 John is crazy about pop music
3、. （ A） sorry （ B） mad （ C） concerned （ D） worried 8 It is the movement, net the color, of objects that excites the bull. （ A） frightens （ B） scares （ C） amuses （ D） confuses 9 It is highly unlikely that she will arrive today. （ A） probably （ B） very （ C） hardly （ D） possibly 10 I am feeling a lot mo
4、re healthy than I was. （ A） many （ B） no （ C） much （ D） some 11 Since ancient times people have found various ways to preserve meat. （ A） eat （ B） cook （ C） freeze （ D） keep 12 We packed up the things we had accumulated (积累 ) over the last three years and left. （ A） late （ B） recent （ C） past （ D） f
5、inal 13 The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning. （ A） bottom of the mountain （ B） foot of the mountain （ C） top of the mountain （ D） starting point 14 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. （ A） beats （ B） destroys （ C
6、） maintains （ D） defends 15 The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close. （ A） stated （ B） said （ C） suggested （ D） announced 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是 正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Earthquake and Animals Sc
7、ientists who try to predict earthquakes have gotten some new helpers recently animals. Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming, and they show their fear by acting in strange ways. Before a quake 地震 ) in China in 1975 snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freez
8、e to death in the cold air. All the unusual behavior, as well as physical changes in earth, alerted (提醒 ) Chinese scientists to the coming quake. They moved people aw/ay from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives., One task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animal behavi
9、or predict quakes. It is not an easy job. First of all not every animal reacts to the danger of an earthquake. Just before a California quake in 1979, for example, an Arabian horse became very nervous and tries to break out of his stall. The horse next to him, however, remained perfectly calm. It is
10、 also difficult sometimes to tell the difference between normal animal cahnness and “earthquake nerves“. A zookeeper once told earthquake researchers that his cougar (美洲狮 ) had been acting strangely. It turned out that the cougar had a stomachache. A second task for scientists is to find out. exactl
11、y what kinds of warning the animals receive. They know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do. Many animals can see, hear, and smell things that people do not even notice. Some can detect tiny changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism (磁力 ) of earth. This extra sense probab
12、ly helps animals predict earthquakes. A good example of this occurred with a group of dogs. They were closed in an area that was being shaken by a series of tiny earthquakes. Before each quake a low boomingsound was heard. Each sound caused the dog to bark (吠 ) wildly. The dogs began to bark during
13、a silent period! A scientist who was recording the quakes looked at his machine. He realized that the dogs had reacted to a booming noise. They also sensed the tiny quake that followed it. The machine recorded both, though humans felt and heard nothing. In this case there was a machine to check what
14、 the dogs were sensing. Many times, however, our machines record nothing out of the ordinary, even though animals know a quake is coming. The animals might be sensing something we do measure but do not recognize as a warning. Discovering what animals sense, and learning how they know danger signals,
15、 is a job for future. 16 During an earthquake in China in 1975, more cows had ,earthquake nerves“ and some remained calm. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Chinese scientists moved people away from the coming quake zone after noticing the strange behavior of some animals and physical chang
16、es in earth. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Animals of the same kind always react in the same way to the danger of a quake. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The cougar behaved strangely because it had sensed the threat of a quake. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 A
17、ll animals can sense the very small changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism of earth. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The dogs mentioned in the passage sensed both the low booming sounds and the minor quakes following them. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 A task fo
18、r future scientists is to find out how an animal receives a warning sigrlal. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Icy Microbes In ice that has sealed a salty Ant
19、arctic lake for more than 2,800 years, scientists have found frozen bacteria and algae that returned to life after thawing. The research may help in the search for life on Mars, which is thought to have subsurface lakes of ice. A research team led by Peter Doran of the University of Illinois at Chic
20、ago drilled through more than 39 feet ice to collect samples of bacteria and algae. When Dorans team brought them back and warmed them up a bit, they sprang back to life. Doran said the microbes have been age-dated at 2,800 years old, but even older microbes may live deeper in the ice sheet sealing
21、the lake, and in the briny water below the ice. That deeper ice and the water itself will be cautiously sampled in a later expedition that will test techniques may one day be used on Mars. Called Lake Vida, the 4.5-square kilometer body is one of a series of lakes located in the McMurdo Dry Valleys
22、of Antarctica, some 2,200 kilometers due south of New Zealand. This lake has been known since the 1950s, but people ignored it because they thought it was just a big block of ice. While at the site for other research in the 1990s, Doran and his colleagues sent radar signals into the clear ice coveri
23、ng the lake and were surprised to find that 62 feet below there was a pool of liquid water that was about seven times more salty than seawater. That prompted the researchers to return in 1996 with equipment to drill a hole down to within a few feet of the water layer. At the bottom of this hole, res
24、earchers harvested specimens of algae and bacteria. The searchers will retum in 2004 equipped with instruments that are sterilized. They will then drill through the full 62 feet of ice and sample some of the briny water from the lake for analysis. The water specimen will be cultured to see if it con
25、tains life. Specimens from the water are expected to be even older than the life forms extracted from the ice covering. 23 A. Significance of testing techniques for sampling microbes in the deep ice sheet B. special features of lake Vida C. later expedition on mars D. 2004 revisit planned for collec
26、ting lake water specimen E. Antarctic frozen life sampled and revived F. Accidental discovery of ice-sealed lake water Antarctica 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4 _. 26 Paragraph 6 _. 27 A. is found to be a great deal higher than that of seawater B. was of little scientific value C
27、. may be older than that collected below 39 sheet of ice D. might have come from Mars E. is to collect some briny lake water for analysis F. may return to life sooner than microbes frozen in the surface ice 27 Scientists ignored lake Vida because they thought that a lake of ice _. 28 Scientists expe
28、ct that the life, if found in deeper water below the ice sheet, _. 29 What the scientists will do in 2004 _. 30 The salt concentration in the liquid water of Lake Vida _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 New Foods and the New World In the last 500 years, nothing
29、 about people not their clothes, ideas, or languages has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree (可可树 ) by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive,
30、 it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today. The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on
31、it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine (饥荒 )“ of 1845 1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America. There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opp
32、osite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s. According to an Arabic legend, coffee was d
33、iscovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake“ feeling that one-third of the worlds population now starts the day with. 31 According to the passage, which of the following has changed the mo
34、st in the last 500 years? （ A） Food （ B） Clothing （ C） Ideology （ D） Language 32 “Some“ in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to _. （ A） some cocoa trees （ B） some chocolate drinks （ C） some shops （ D） some South American Indians 33 Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato F
35、amine“ because _. （ A） they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else （ B） they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America （ C） the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes （ D） the potato harvest was bad 34 Which country is the lar
36、gest coffee producer? （ A） Brazil （ B） Colombia （ C） Ethiopia （ D） Egypt 35 Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage? （ A） One third of the worlds population drinks coffee. （ B） Coffee is native to Colombia. （ C） Coffee can keep one awake. （ D） Coffee drinks were first
37、 made by Arabs. 36 Pushbike Peril Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer. Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelph
38、ia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. “the task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures.“ she says.
39、 By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To main
40、tain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen. The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a s
41、pring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. “But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle
42、manufacturer were unaware of the problem,“ says Arbogast. The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design a decision is expected later this year. handlebar n (常用复数 )(自行车等的 )车把 abdominal adj腹部的 bioengineer n.生物工程师 counter
43、measure n.对策 abdomen n.膜，腹部 momentum n.冲力 handgrip n.握柄 damping adj.制动的，减速的，缓冲的 commercialize vt.使商品化 36 According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because _. （ A） they are not noble enough （ B） they may kill children （ C） they are likely to crash （ D） they make th
44、e bike move at a low speed 37 In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries _. （ A） to discuss how abdominal injuries in children occur （ B） to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidents （ C） to point out what the countermeasures can be （ D） to
45、tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project 38 Paragraph 3 mainly discusses _. （ A） why the children and their parents were interviewed （ B） when the children turn the handlebars through 90 degrees （ C） what causes the children to topple over （ D） how serious injuries occur 39 The passage implies
46、that _. （ A） it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design （ B） the team of engineers has hot found any countermeasures （ C） children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed （ D） a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years 40 The new handgrip works in
47、 which of the following ways? （ A） It call be commercialized. （ B） It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents. （ C） It adds a few dollars to the cost of a bike. （ D） It changes the direction of the handlebars in all impact. 41 Snow Ranger The two things snow and mountains which are needed
48、for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crashing down the side of a mountain often called “White Death.“ It was file threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalan
49、che control work in the winter of 1937 1938 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest. This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area. Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The
