1、职称英语（综合类） A级模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Mary has blended the ingredients. （ A） mixed （ B） made （ C） cooked （ D） eaten 2 They agreed to modify their policy. （ A） clarify （ B） change （ C） define （ D） develop 3 The economy continued to
2、exhibit signs of decline in September. （ A） play （ B） send （ C） show （ D） tell 4 A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week. （ A） practically （ B） considerably （ C） remarkably （ D） completely 5 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. （ A） take out （ B） rep
3、air （ C） push in （ D） dig 6 It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow. （ A） ridiculous （ B） funny （ C） odd （ D） foolish 7 A lot of people could fall iii after drinking contaminated water. （ A） muddled （ B） polluted （ C） mixed （ D） troubled 8 The room is dim and quiet. （ A） tiny （ B
4、） pleasant （ C） dark （ D） agreeable 9 The index is the governments chief gauge of future economic activity. （ A） measure （ B） opinion （ C） evaluation （ D） decision 10 Its prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first. （ A） workable （ B） sensible （ C） possible （ D） feasible 11 He is renown
5、ed for his skill. （ A） remembered （ B） recommended （ C） praised （ D） well-known 12 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position. （ A） maintain （ B） establish （ C） acquire （ D） support 13 She stood there, trembling with fear. （ A） jumping （ B） crying （ C） swaying （ D） shaking 14 Medica
6、l facilities are being upgraded. （ A） renewed （ B） repaired （ C） improved （ D） increased 15 Mary looked pale and weary. （ A） gloomy （ B） ugly （ C） silly （ D） exhausted 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据 短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 The S
7、cience of Persuasion If leadership consists of getting things done through others, then persuasion is one of the leaders essential tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的 ) and the eloquent. Over. the past several decades, tho
8、ugh, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied. The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to
9、 them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So its worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise. Third, experiments confi
10、rm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. Its sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show
11、that people really do defer to (服从 ) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that its self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when its scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more
12、persuasive than widely available data. 16 Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Managers do not employ those who are quite dif
13、ferent from them. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Net mentioned 20 Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them. （ A） Right （ B）
14、 Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题
15、要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 60th Anniversary Ceremony in Moscow 1 With thousands of soldiers and war veterans parading across Moscows Red Square and fighter jets screaming overhead, Russia celebrated the 60th anniversary of defeating Nazi Germany. More tha
16、n 50 world leaders, including Chinas President Hu Jintao, attended the ceremony. 2 Speaking at the start of the parade, Russias President Vladimir Putin praised all those who fought for freedom and independence. “The war shows that resorting to force to solve problems will result in tragedy for the
17、world, so a peaceful order should be safeguarded (护卫 ) based on security, justice and cultural exchange,“ Putin said. “Faced with the real threat of terrorism today, we must remain faithful to the memory of our fathers. It is our duty to defend a world order based on security and justice and on a ne
18、w culture of relations among nations that will not allow a repeat of any war, neither cold nor hot,“ he continued. 3 The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic (灾难性的 ) event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries,
19、and claimed 55 million lives. 4 After the celebration, President Hu said that peace, development and cooperation were the future. “China will unswervingly (坚定地 ) follow the road of peace and development and will make a joint effort with all nations to contribute to safeguarding world peace and promo
20、ting development,“ he said. 5 German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder asked Russia for forgiveness for the suffering Germany inflicted (造成 ) during the Second World War in an article in Sundays Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper. “Today we ask forgiveness for the suffering inflicted upon the Russian people
21、and other peoples at the hands of Germans and in the name of Germans,“ Schroeder said. 6 President Hu and the other leaders also joined a wreath (花圈 ) laying ceremony at the Tomb of the Unkn0wn Soldiers on Monday. 23 A.Pacific war B.Gloomy world C.Putins commemorating speech D.Chinas determination E
22、. Schroeders plea for forgiveness F. Worlds worst disaster 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 27 A.an opening ceremony B.61 countries C.a wreath laying ceremony D.the 60th anniversary of its victory over Nazi Germany E. the road of peace and development F. 55 million peo
23、ple of their lives 27 Russia celebrated_ 28 World War Two deprived_ 29 China pledges herself to follow_ 30 The world leaders finally attended_ 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Obesity (肥胖 ): the scourge (祸害 ) of the Western World Obesity is rapidly becoming a ne
24、w scourge of the western world, delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conference of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries 1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million ar
25、e obese. Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said: “Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany, 20 per cent of the people are already affected, but in Japan only one per cent. “But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication. Profe
26、ssor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said: “We are living in the new age (but) with the metabolism of a stone-age man.“ “I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every comer. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization.“ Many of the ex
27、perts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said, “Eighty per cent of all diabetics are obese, also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose tissue complaints.“ “Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disea
28、se. Reducing ones weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure.“ Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs. “Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such as reducing the size of the stomach)
29、 when the body-mass index is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters. One should start earlier.“ Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school. “Child obesity (fat deposits) correlates with the time which children spend in front of TV sets.“ The
30、 consequences were only apparent later on. No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy, for their population group. scourge n. 天灾；祸害 obesity n. 肥胖症 overrun vt. 侵扰；蹂躏 obese adj. 肥胖的 diabetic n. 糖尿病患者； adj.糖尿病的 medication n. 药物疗法 adipose adj. 脂肪的；肥胖的 metabolism n
31、. 新陈代谢 31 It is estimated that there are _ people suffering from obesity in the world. （ A） 250,000,000 （ B） 1,200,000,000 （ C） 1,450,000,000 （ D） 950,000,000 32 It seems that the _ people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in the passage. （ A） European （
32、 B） German （ C） American （ D） Japanese 33 Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity? （ A） High blood pressure （ B） Fatty tissue complaints （ C） Diabetes （ D） Stomach-ache 34 What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure? （ A） Ten percent less body
33、 weight means ten percent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. （ B） Thirteen percent more body weight means ten percent more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. （ C） The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has. （ D） The less
34、 body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has. 35 From the last paragraph we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludnik to prevent children from being obese would be_. （ A） not to permit them to watch TV at all （ B） to te
35、ll them to spend less time watching TV （ C） to turn off TV when they are in front of TV sets （ D） to calculate accurately the time that a child spends watching TV 36 Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack? In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural e
36、ngineers are trying hard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable: Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflicted by terrorists? Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and th
37、e Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit. They spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas a
38、bout how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing. “Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustaine
39、d damage,“ said M. Bruneau. Ph.D.“Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buil
40、dings in the event of terrorist attacks,“ he added. Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the Workd Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged
41、. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building,“ explainedA.Whittaker. Ph.D.“The column became a missile that shot across the road through the window and through the floor.“ The visit to the area also revealed some
42、 surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor flaming system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of fairing debris to remain intact. “Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast
43、 resistance,“ he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-beating column fails. “We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse.“ saidA.Whitaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can
44、predict it.“A.Reinhorn, Ph.D.noted that “earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake resistant design may be directly applicable to blas
45、t engineering and terrorist resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.“ aftermath n. 后果，结 in the vicinity 附近 debris n. 碎片 reconnaissance n. 勘察 ductile adj. 可伸展的，易变形的 36 The question raised in the first. paragrap
46、h is one _. （ A） that was asked by structural engineers a month ago （ B） that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even now （ C） that was never thought of before the terrorist attack （ D） that terrorists are eager to find a solution to 37 The project funded by the National Science Fou
47、ndation_. （ A） was first proposed by some engineers at UB （ B） took about two days to complete （ C） was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attack （ D） was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts 38 The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker_. （ A） was part of the building c
48、lose to the World Trade Center （ B） was part of the World Trade Center （ C） was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center （ D） damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center 39 A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero
49、is that_. （ A） floors in the adjacent buildings remain undamaged （ B） some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion （ C） simple floor framing systems are mom blast resistant （ D） floors in one of the adjacent buildings were pierced by tons of debris 40 What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that_. （ A） blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design （ B） blast engineering can borro
