1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 22及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 He had an increasingly uneasy feeling about his answer to the question. （ A） difficult （ B） worried （ C） anxious （ D） unhappy 2 She was the one in the whole class who was eligible to apply for
2、 the scholarship. （ A） competitive （ B） diligent （ C） qualified （ D） competent 3 His motive in coming was to find out the truth. （ A） reasons （ B） arguments （ C） targets （ D） stimuli 4 Dogs are not permitted into the office. （ A） probably （ B） possible （ C） admitted （ D） allowed 5 Both main parties
3、are backing these proposals. （ A） supporting （ B） discussing （ C） suggesting （ D） making 6 I didnt ask because I was afraid of looking stupid. （ A） foolish （ B） boring （ C） childish （ D） exciting 7 Soldiers are trained to obey their officers orders without question. （ A） reply to （ B） apply for （ C）
4、 agree with （ D） comply with 8 Are you positive that theres been no mistake? （ A） rational （ B） reasonable （ C） certain （ D） bound 9 An exhaustive investigation of the facts proves the contrary. （ A） exhausted （ B） tired （ C） thorough （ D） careful 10 He resented being called a foreigner. （ A） hated
5、（ B） enjoyed （ C） annoyed （ D） shocked 11 Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed. （ A） convert （ B） store （ C） utilize （ D） receive 12 Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices. （ A） slight （ B） surprisi
6、ng （ C） sudden （ D） harmful 13 Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches. （ A） inevitably （ B） obviously （ C） especially （ D） conventionally 14 He invested a considerable amount of money in the project. （ A） immense （ B） positive （ C） pow
7、erful （ D） realistic 15 The interview took place around the kitchen table and was very causal. （ A） formal （ B） informal （ C） regular （ D） irregular 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每 题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 They Say Irelands the Be
8、st Ireland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britains Economist magazine last week. The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfa
9、ction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life“ Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤 ),
10、 gender inequality and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的 ), picking up only 3.89 points. “Although ris
11、ing incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued. “the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown (崩溃 ) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact. “ “Ireland wins because it successfully combines th
12、e most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life“ The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics. No. 2 on the list is Switzer
13、land. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain. The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capit
14、a GDP (人均国内生产总值 ) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th. 16 For 2,050 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Job security is the least important measure of life quality
15、. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the
16、 new with some good elements of the old. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 To measure life quality is easy. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The United States of America is among the top 10 countries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下
17、面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Adult Education 1 Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as ad
18、ults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills. 2 This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper gui
19、dance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses, or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs and professional associations. 3 Modem adult educations for large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with th
20、e rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities; new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and re-education of adults. 4 Th
21、e earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics institution in Glasgow. Benjamin Franklin and some friends found the earliest adult education institution in the U.S. in Philadelphia in 1727. 5 Pe
22、ople recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantl
23、y to meet these and other needs. A. Necessity for developing adult education B. Early days of adult education C. Ways of receiving adult education D. Growth of adult education E. Institutions of adult education F. Definition of adult education 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4 _. 26
24、 Paragraph 5 _. 26 A. by social and economic changes B. guided self-study and correspondence courses C. by studying together with children D. what they did not manage to learn earlier E. dates back to the eighteenth century F. mass production 27 Some adults want to learn _. 28 There are various form
25、s of adult education, including _. 29 Adult education has been made necessary by _. 30 The earliest organized adult education originated in _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Common Problems, Common Solutions The chances are that you made up your mind about smo
26、king a long time ago and decided its not for you. The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers there are, after all about 60 million of them, work with them, and get along with them very well. And finally its a pretty safe bet that youre open-minded and interested in all the various i
27、ssues about smokers and non-smokers or you wouldnt be reading this. And those three things make you incredibly(难以置信地 ) important today. Because they mean that yours is the voice not the smokers and not the anti-smokers that will determine how much of societys efforts should go into building walls th
28、at separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together. For one tragic result of the emphasis on building walls is the diversion(转移 ) of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases ,which, when all is said and done, still strike the nons
29、moker as well as the smoker. One prominent(卓越的 ) health organization, to cite(引证 ) but a single instance, now spends 28 cents of every publicly contributed dollar on “education“ (much of it in anti- smoking propaganda, and only 2 cents on research). There will always be some who want to build walls,
30、 who want to separate people from people, and up to a point, even these may serve society. The anti-smoking wall-builders have, to give them their due, helped to make us all more keenly aware of choice. But our guess, and certainly our hope, is that you are among the far greatest number who know tha
31、t walls are only temporary(暂时的 ) at best, and that over the long run, we can serve societys interest better by working together in mutual accommodation. Whatever virtue walls may have, they can never move our society toward fundamental solutions. People who work together on common problems, common s
32、olutions, can. 31 What does the word “wall“ used in the passage mean? （ A） Anti-smoking propaganda. （ B） Diseases striking nonsmokers as well as smokers. （ C） Rules and regulations that prohibit smoking. （ D） Separation of smokers from nonsmokers. 32 In paragraph 4, “you“ refers to （ A） smokers. （ B
33、） nonsmokers. （ C） anti-smokers. （ D） smokers who have quitted smoking. 33 It is evident that the author is not in favor of （ A） building a wall between smokers and nonsmokers. （ B） doing scientific research at the expense of ones health. （ C） bringing smokers and nonsmokers together. （ D） proving a
34、ccommodation for smokers. 34 As is suggested, the common solution to the common problem is （ A） to separate people from people. （ B） to work together in mutual accommodation. （ C） to make us more keenly aware of choice. （ D） to serve societys interests better. 35 According to the passage, the writer
35、 looks upon the anti-smoking wall-builders actions （ A） optimistically. （ B） pessimistically. （ C） unconcernedly. （ D） skeptically. 35 The Cherokee Nation Long before the white man came to America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations. The nation of the Cherokees(切罗基族人 ) lived in what is
36、 now the southeastern part of the United States. After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word p
37、ictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet(字母表 ) proved amazingly easy to lear
38、n. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper. In 1830, the U. S. Congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands fo
39、r centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River? The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint(枪口 ) into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in car
40、ts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted (筋疲力尽的 )by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roa
41、dside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died. It was indeed a march of death. 36 The Cherokee Nation used to live （ A） on the American continent. （ B） in the southeastern part of the US. （ C） beyond the Mississippi River. （ D） in the western territory.
42、 37 One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of （ A） writing down the spoken language. （ B） making word pictures. （ C） teaching his people reading. （ D） printing their own newspaper. 38 A law was passed in 1830 to （ A） allow the Cherokees to stay where they were. （ B） send
43、the army to help the Cherokees. （ C） force the Cherokees to move westward. （ D） forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper. 39 When the Cherokees began to leave their lands, （ A） they went in carts. （ B） they went on horseback. （ C） they marched on foot. （ D） all of the above. 40 Many Cherokees di
44、ed on their way to their new home mainly because （ A） they were not willing to go there. （ B） the government did not provide transportation. （ C） they did not have enough food and clothes. （ D） the journey was long and boring. 40 Egypt Felled by Famine Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders wer
45、e powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilian around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned(搜集 ) from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blem and the same or worse could happen today. The ancien
46、t Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons(季风 ) southwards out of Ethiopia would have diminished these floods. Dwindling(逐渐变少；使变小 ) rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to establish the
47、 soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment(沉积，沉积物 ) from the White Nile. The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature(名；特征 ) from that of the White Nile. So by analyzing isotope(同位素；核素 ) differences in mud deposi
48、ted in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leads University worked out what proportion of sediment Came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,2
49、00 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypts Old Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been catastrophic for the Egyptians. Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple effect in societies, says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory(天文台 ) in New York. Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist (地质考古学家 ) from the Smithsonian Institut
