1、阅读同步练习试卷 32及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on
2、the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 Marriage is big lately; actually its unmarriage that seems to be capturing our attention. From the award-winning American Beauty to the Bruce Willis-Michelle Pfeiffer movie, The Story of Us, the institution of marriage is being turned inside
3、out, and its not a pretty sight. To judge by these films, modern marriage involves a lot of broken crockery and busted expectations. While many current Hollywood depictions of marriage may be overly pessimistic, statistics in America are alarming: each year half as many Americans get divorced as mar
4、ry. Marriage counselors say couples often choose to separate as a last-ditch effort to change their relationship, and possibly themselves, “Many trial separations dont work because theyre not authentic. Theyre just one persons way of getting out of the relationship,“ says Harriet Lerner, author of t
5、he book The Dance of Anger. But a separation can give couples time to calm down, renegotiate the rules of the relationship and gain some needed distance. For a separation to work, it needs to be well defined. Constance Ahrons, director of the Marriage and Family Therapy Training program at the Unive
6、rsity of Southern California, says “structured separations“ tend to be the most productive. Couples facing separation do best if they establish some basic ground rules first. They should mutually agree on the length of the separation Ahrons says three to six months is average and both must continue
7、to work on their own problems during that time, either with or without a counselor. Couples should agree not to see lawyers during their separation. Lawyers have a way of moving marriage toward divorce. During their period of trial separation couples should not pursue each other at all, either to fi
8、ght or to reconcile, but should agree in advance on what kind of contact they will have. Separated couples can agree to speak on the phone for a prearranged period, for instance, or meet once a week. Some therapists advise their clients to agree not to talk to each other about their relationship dur
9、ing these encounters and to use the time apart to reflect on their own lives and see what they can change about themselves. If there are children involved, Ahrons says, both parties need to agree on all the ground rules having to do with kids. Parents should also be aware that repeated separations a
10、nd reconciliations are difficult and confusing for children. Ahrons says a separation, while painful, can help keep the anger down and give a couple time to think. If both are unsure about the future of the marriage, it can provide a time-out, during which they can see what life would be like withou
11、t the other. “Sometimes,“ Ahrons says, “a separation can lead back into marriage. Sometimes it leads to divorce. But if couples are able to clarify things, it will improve their marriage or, make their divorce better. “ 1 Whats the best title of this passage? （ A） United We Stand. （ B） Divided We Fa
12、ll. （ C） Divided We Stand. （ D） United We Fall. 2 The first sentence in the first paragraph most probably means that_. （ A） people seem to take more notice of unmarriage than marriage （ B） marriage seems to be smaller than unmarriage recently （ C） marriage is popular nowadays while unmarriage seems
13、to be more attention-catching （ D） unmarriage is changing more quickly than marriage in the size and quantity nowadays 3 Which of the following is not included in the advantages of separation between a couple? （ A） To get rid of the relationship as a couple. （ B） To provide time to cool off for the
14、couple. （ C） To discuss about the regulations of their relationship again. （ D） To obtain certain necessary distance between the couple. 4 All of the following statements are true except that_. （ A） the population of divorced American is almost half of that of married American annually （ B） it is ne
15、cessary for the couple who want their separation to be successful to set certain rules （ C） it will make the children puzzled if their parents separate and come back into harmony again and again （ D） lawyers are more needed than the therapists and marriage counselors during the couples separation 5
16、We can infer from the passage that_. （ A） separation can both cause pain for the couple and help keep the anger down （ B） separation is helpful for the couple to be clear about their relationship （ C） no one wants to try separation before he or she gets divorced according to the author （ D） modern m
17、arriage usually involves lots of quarrels and reconciliation 5 40 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of. But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville, England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Gutt-mann, the situation began to change. Sir Ludwig Gutt
18、mann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London. His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled. In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers too
19、k part. The next year, 1949, five teams took part. From those beginnings, things have developed fast. Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year. In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games. Now every four years the Olym
20、pic Games for the Disabled are held, if possible, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games, although they are organized separately. In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville. In the 1984 Wheelchair Olympic Games, 1 064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries t
21、ook part. Unfortunately, they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles, along with the other Olympics. The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding, and in proving that being disabled does not mean you cant enjoy sport. One small source of d
22、isappointment for those who organize and take part in the games, however, has been the unwill-ingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be dis
23、abled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded. 6 The first games for the disabled were held_after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England. （ A） 9 years （ B） 10 years （ C） 21 years （ D） 40 years 7 Besides Stoke Mandeville, surely the games for the disabled were once held in_. （ A） L
24、os Angeles （ B） Rome （ C） London （ D） New York 8 In Para. 3, the word “athletes“ means_. （ A） people who compete in the games （ B） people who organize the games （ C） people who watch the games （ D） people who support the games 9 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Sir Ludwig Guttmann
25、 is welcomed by the British government. （ B） Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany. （ C） Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier. （ D） Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled. 10 From the passage, we may conclude that the writer is_. （ A） in favor of holding the games
26、 for the disabled （ B） against holding the games for the disabled （ C） a disabled person who once took part in the games （ D） one of the organizers of the games for the disabled 10 Not all decisions are alike. Nor is every decision made in the same manner. Although some actions you undertake derive
27、their basis from newly made decisions, there are other instances when decision making does not really take place. The latter, according to Deacon and Firebaugh, may involve routine, programmed, impulsive or intuitive action. When you wake up in the morning and prepare to attend class do you consciou
28、sly make decisions about such things as which side of your hair to comb first, how to brush your teeth, or which shoe to put on first? Probably not. Although you may have made a conscious decision about what you were going to wear to class, you probably didnt spend any time in making a decision abou
29、t how to get ready to attend class. Every individual has certain habits or routine behaviors. Although they originated from decisions made at an earlier time in your life, you no longer consciously make these decisions each time you undertake this type of action. Routine plans or actions serve a use
30、ful purpose in your daily life and management. How long would it take you to get up, get ready, and walk to class if you had to make separate decisions for each action you take? You use routine plans or actions as resources to make new decisions. In addition to the habitual behaviors or routines you
31、 follow, you also have certain specific actions you undertake in a given situation. These are called programmed decisions. Programmed decisions are different from routines. Routine plans or actions are patterns of behavioral actions repeatedly undertaken on a consistent and regular basis. Programmed
32、 decisions, on the other hand, utilize your past experience in a similar situation. For instance, you know you are going to have a test. Your method of studying for this test will be done using your knowledge of a similar experience. The degree of success previously achieved will be a determinant in
33、 how, when, where, and the length of time you study for this test. Programmed decisions, like routines, are a resource in your management. When the action undertaken proves to be successful you repeat the same action the next time a similar situation occurs. This successful achievement, measured by
34、the satisfaction you received, determines when and the extent to which you modify the original decision before employing it again in other like situations. Both routine and programmed decisions serve useful purposes. They act as resources by eliminating the need to make new decisions. They also eval
35、uate managerial action. The success you achieve enables you to by-pass or minimize the use of the decision-making process. 11 People may spend time in making decisions about_. （ A） how to prepare to go to school （ B） how to have the breakfast （ C） what clothes to wear to class （ D） which shoe to put
36、 on first 12 Programmed decisions differ from routines in that_. （ A） they can bring people a lot of trouble （ B） they may be used to evaluate managerial action （ C） they can use the previous experience in a like situation （ D） they are on a consistent and regular basis 13 Routine plans or actions s
37、erve a useful purpose because they_. （ A） can save people plenty of time （ B） may measure the success people have achieved （ C） enable people to make better decisions （ D） can ensure a good score in an exam 14 Peoples decision of the method of studying for a test originates from_. （ A） habitual beha
38、viors （ B） programmed decisions （ C） impulsive actions （ D） intuitive actions 15 The best title of this passage is_. （ A） The Functions of The Programmed Decisions （ B） The Classifications of Decision Making （ C） The Purpose of Routine Decisions （ D） The Origin of Different Decisions 15 Looking back
39、 on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental a
40、rithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary, I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the
41、dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about oth
42、er peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor wit
43、h the title of scientific research. But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard train
44、ing, determination and a goal, A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds. 16 The first paragraph tells us that the author_. （ A） was born to a naturalists family （ B） didnt like his brothers and sisters （ C） lost his he
45、aring when he was a child （ D） was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood 17 The author cant remember his relatives clearly because_. （ A） he was fully occupied with observing nature （ B） he was too young when he lived with them （ C） he didnt live very long with them . （ D） the family wa
46、s extremely large 18 It can be inferred from the passage that the author was considered_. （ A） first of all a scientist （ B） no more than a born naturalist （ C） a scientist as well as a naturalist （ D） a naturalist but not a scientist 19 The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientis
47、t probably because he thinks he_. （ A） has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic （ B） just reads about other peoples observations and discoveries （ C） comes up with solutions in a most natural way （ D） lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist 20 According to the author, a born n
48、aturalist should first of all be_. （ A） full of enthusiasm （ B） full of ambition （ C） knowledgeable （ D） self-disciplined 20 Revenge is one of those things that everyone enjoys. People dont like to talk about it, though. Just the same, there is nothing more satisfying or more rewarding than revenge.
49、 The purpose is not to harm your victims but to let them know that you are upset about something that they are doing to you. Careful plotting can provide you with relief from bothersome coworkers, gossiping friends, or nagging family members. Coworkers who make comments about the fact that you are always fifteen minutes late for work can be taken care of very simply. All you have to do is to get up extra early one day. Before the sun comes up, drive to each coworkers house. Re
