1、2009年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、单项选择题 1 The history of English literature begins in the_century. （ A） 7th （ B） 6th （ C） 5th （ D） 4th 2 _is often considered as the “poets poet“ because of his considerable influence on later poets. （ A） Edmund Spenser （ B） William Shakespeare （ C） Thomas Wyatt （
2、D） Ben Johnson 3 The epic of Paradise Lost is based on the stories from_. （ A） The New Testament （ B） The Old Testament （ C） The Ancient Greek Myths （ D） The Ancient Roman Myths 4 Which of the following is NOT true about Robinson Crusoe? （ A） It is written in the autobiographical form. （ B） It is a
3、record of Defoes own experience. （ C） Robinson spends 28 years of isolated life on the island. （ D） It is set in the middle of the 17th century. 5 From her novel we can deduce Jane Austens view of life is_. （ A） romantic （ B） sentimental （ C） realistic （ D） pessimistic 6 In_, common sense and moral
4、propriety took the place of the principle of Romanticism and became the predominant preoccupation in literary works. （ A） Renaissance （ B） the Elizabethan period （ C） the gilded age （ D） the Victorian period 7 Sheridan is considered usually as a great_writer. （ A） comedy （ B） tragedy （ C） essay （ D）
5、 short fiction 8 The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at_. （ A） Jamestown （ B） New York （ C） Boston （ D） Concord 9 The first symbol of self-made American man is_. （ A） George Washington （ B） Washington Irving （ C） Thomas Jefferson （ D） Benjamin Franklin 10 American
6、 Renaissance started from_. （ A） Pragmatism （ B） Utilitarian （ C） New England Transcendentalism （ D） the age of Realism 11 The most influential novelist in Romantic period is_. （ A） Nathaniel Hawthorne （ B） Edgar Allan Poe （ C） Emily Dickinson （ D） Fennimore Cooper 12 _divides the 19th century into
7、the age of Romanticism and Realism in American literature. （ A） The Spanish-American war （ B） The Civil War （ C） WWI （ D） WWII 13 William Dean Howells explores the life of_Americans. （ A） lower-class （ B） upper-class （ C） working-class （ D） middle-class 14 _addressed Ernest Hemingway and his peers a
8、s “the Lost Generation“ which entitled a generation in the 1930s. （ A） Gertrude Stein （ B） William Dean Howells （ C） Sherwood Anderson （ D） Henry James 15 Catch-22 is a novel with outstanding . （ A） euphemism （ B） black humor （ C） allusion （ D） stream of consciousness 二、名词解释 16 art for arts sake 17
9、self-reliance 18 the Jazz Age 三、分析题 18 The following poem is written for the mourning of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. Read it and answer the questions: O Captain! My Captain! O Captain! My Captain! Our fearful trip is done; The ship has weatherd every rack, the prize we sought is
10、won, The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring. But O heart! Heart! Heart! O the bleeding drops of red! Where on the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead. O captain! My Captain! Rise up and hear the bells; Rise up
11、 for you the flag is flung for you the bugle trills, For you bouquets and ribbond wreaths for you the shores crowding, For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning; Here Captain! Dear father! This arm beneath your head; It is some dream that on the deck Youve fallen cold and dead.
12、My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still, My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will; The ship is anchord safe and sound, its voyage closed and done; From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won; Exult, O shores! And ring, O bells! But I, with mournful trea
13、d, Walk the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead. 19 The writer of this famous poem is one of the most influential poets at the age of Romanticism. Can you give out his name and present his contribution in literature briefly? (3 points) 20 Can you enlist at least two major figures of speech us
14、ed in this poem and illustrate their functions respectively? (8 points) 2009年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析 一、单项选择题 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 英国文学始于盎格鲁一撒克逊时代的开始，即公元五世纪。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 埃德蒙 斯宾塞 (Edmund Spenser)是英国文艺复兴时期最杰出的诗人，他的理想主义，对美的热爱以及精美优雅的诗文韵律使他成为 “诗人中的诗人 ”。 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 失乐园 (Paradise Lost)以史诗一般的磅
15、礴气势揭示了人的原罪与堕落。诗 中叛逆之神撒旦，因为反抗上帝的权威被打入地狱，却毫不屈服，为复仇寻至伊甸园。亚当与夏娃受被撒旦附身的蛇的引诱，偷吃了上帝明令禁吃的分别善恶的树上的果子。最终，撒旦及其同伙遭谴全变成了蛇，亚当与夏娃被逐出了伊甸园。该诗体现了诗人追求自由的崇高精神，是世界文学史、思想史上的一部极重要的作品。 “失乐园 ”是从圣经 旧约 (The OldTestament)中创世纪篇(Genesis)中所叙的故事中得来。 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 鲁宾逊漂流记 (Robinson Crusoe)并非作者笛福的 亲身经历。 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 简 奥斯汀的小说
16、一反常规，展现了 18世纪末尚未受到资本主义工业革命冲击的英国乡村中产阶级的日常生活和田园风光。她的作品往往通过喜剧性的场面嘲讽人们的愚蠢、自私、势利和盲目自信等可鄙可笑的弱点。奥斯汀的小说出现在 19世纪初叶，一扫风行一时的假浪漫主义潮流，继承和发展了英国 18世纪优秀的现实主义传统，为 19世纪现实主义小说的高潮做了准备。因此她的人生观也应是现实主义的。 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 维多利亚文学作为一个时代的产物，自然带 有宏大与多样性的特点。它是多侧面而且复杂的从各个角度反映了人民生活中的各种巨大变化。它强调常识与规范，从而取代了浪漫主义的文风。考生注意一下各个年代的先后顺序便可
17、以找到正确答案。 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 理查德 B谢立丹 (Richard Bringsley Sheridan)被认为是 18世纪最伟大的剧作家，他的代表作为造谣学校 (The School for Scandal)与情敌(The Rivals)。 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查美洲的历史，即 1607年，英国殖民者在弗吉尼亚州的詹姆斯敦建立了第一个永久殖民地。 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本杰明 富兰克林一般被看成是白手起家美国人的代表。 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 美国的文艺复兴源于新英格兰的超验主义。 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】
18、浪漫主义时期开始于十八世纪末，到内战爆发为止，是美国文学史上最重要的时期。华盛顿 欧文出版的见闻札记 (The Sketch book)标志着美国浪漫主义文学的开端，惠特曼的草叶集 (Leaves of Grass)是浪漫主义时期文学的压卷之作。选项中霍桑无疑是最有影响力的作家。 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 美国内战是 19世纪美国浪漫主义与现实主义的分水岭。 13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 同为现实主义大师，豪威尔斯的作品主要讨论了上升的中产阶级及其 生活方式，而马克 吐温则喜欢把自己家乡和家乡的人放在故事的最前沿。 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “迷惘的一代 ”(t
19、he Lost Generation)一词源于旅欧作家格鲁特 斯坦因 (GertrudeStein)。 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 黑色幽默的第一部代表作是海勒的第二十二条军规 (Catch一22)。 二、名词解释 16 【正确答案】 “Art for arts sake“ is the slogan of Aestheticism in the 19th century, often given in its French form as lart pour lart. It is a simplified expression of the principle adopted b
20、y many great authors that art serves no religious, moral or political purposes but beauty only. It is a rallying cry, a call for arts freedom from the demands of tyranny of meaning and purpose. Oscar Wilde is one of those advocates. His masterpieces of the kind include The Picture of Dorian Gray and
21、 The Importance of Being Earnest. 17 【正确答案】 Self-reliance is the ability to do things or make decisions by ones self. It is the basis of the American society. Self-Reliance is an essay written by American Transcendentalist philosopher and essayist, Ralph Waldo Emerson. It contains the most thorough
22、statement of one of Emersons repeating themes, the need for each individual to avoid conformity and false consistency, and follow his or her own instincts and ideas. 18 【正确答案】 The Jazz Age describes the period after the end of World War I, through the Roaring Twenties, ending with the onset of the G
23、reat Depression. Traditional values of the previous period declined while the American stock market soared. The age takes its name from popular music, which saw a tremendous surge in popularity. Among the prominent concerns and trends of the period are the public embrace of technological development
24、s typically seen as progress cars, air travel and the telephone as well as new modernist trends in social behavior, the arts, and culture. F. Scott Fitzgerald was the lead writer of the time with his masterpiece The Great Gatsby. 三、分析题 19 【正确答案】 The poem is written by Walt Whitman. He was a part of
25、the transition between Transcendentalism and realism, incorporating both views in his works. Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of free verse. His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection Leaves of Grass, whic
26、h was described as obscene for its overt sexuality. 【试题解析】 本题考查惠特曼的文学地位。考生可以着重回答惠特曼的诗歌风格，即他是美国自由体诗歌的鼻祖。 20 【正确答 案】 O Captain! My Captain! is basically an extended metaphor poem written in 1865 by Walt Whitman, concerning the death of American president Abraham Lincoln. The first lines of the poem se
27、rve to begin the controlling metaphor upon which the rest of the poem builds. In this poem, the “Captain“ is a substitute for Abraham Lincoln, and the “ship“ is the United States of America. “The fearful trip“ is the Civil War, which had ended just prior to Lincolns assassination. Thus the ship is r
28、eturning home to cheering crowds having won “the prize“ of victory, just as the Union, led by Lincoln, had returned victorious from the Civil War. Besides metaphor, apostrophe is also employed in the poem. Apostrophe is a form of personification in which an individual addresses someone who is dead,
29、someone who is not there, or an inanimate object. “O Captain! My Captain!“ at the start of the first two stanzas are examples of apostrophe, as is “Exult O shores, and ring O bells!“ in the third stanza. Perhaps as Whitman developed the metaphor he felt that the apostrophe would create a stronger image of a mate calling to his captain in a moment of distress, thus conveying his deep grief on the death of Lincoln. 【试题解析】 本题考查诗歌的修辞方法。在这首诗歌中，作者反复运用了隐喻(metaphor)和呼语 (apostrophe)这两种修辞格，把林肯比 喻成船长，把美国比喻成一只大船，从而深入地表达了诗人对林肯总统的热爱和深切的悼念之情。
