1、GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 32及答案与解析 一、 Part I Vocabulary and Structure Directions: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the
2、 center. 1 The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _ chemists. （ A） each （ B） some （ C） certain （ D） any 2 You cannot be _ careful when you drive a car. （ A） very （ B） so （ C） too （ D） enough 3 Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their flail _. （ A）
3、capacity （ B） strength （ C） length （ D） possibility 4 You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _ on business first. （ A） would go （ B） will go （ C） went （ D） have gone 5 When I try to understand _ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me
4、that there are two causes. （ A） why it does （ B） what it does （ C） what it is （ D） why it is 6 Id rather you _ make any comment on the issue for the time being. （ A） dont （ B） wouldnt （ C） didnt （ D） shouldnt 7 All things _, the planned trip will have to be called off. （ A） considered （ B） be consid
5、ered （ C） considering （ D） having considered 8 _ it left to me to decide, I would never hesitate to choose the former. （ A） If （ B） Were （ C） Had （ D） Should 9 Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes. （ A） by that （ B） at that （ C） on that （ D） in tha
6、t 10 However, at times this balance in nature is _, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects. （ A） troubled （ B） disturbed （ C） confused （ D） puzzled 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension Directions: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statement
7、s. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 11 New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. Its a new “global village“ where countries are only seconds
8、 away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modem businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value o
9、f doing business abroad. In modem markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts. Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer needs fear being “out of sight and out of mi
10、nd“. He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the companys plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad, if an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to come bac
11、k in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and prevalent(普遍的 ). Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international
12、 markets. English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isnt generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear t
13、o be equal. The employee posted abroad who speaks the countrys principal language has an opportunity to fist-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients ov
14、er the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm. 11 What is the authors attitude toward high-tech communications equipment? （ A） Critical. （ B） Prejudiced. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Postitive. 12 With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople （ A） have t
15、o get familiar with modem technology （ B） are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations （ C） are attaching more importance to their overseas business （ D） are eager to work overseas 13 In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind“(Para. 3) probably means _. （ A） being unable to think
16、 properly for lack of insight （ B） being totally out of touch with business at home （ C） missing opportunities for promotion when abroad （ D） leaving all care and worry behind 14 According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today? （ A
17、） Connections with businesses overseas. （ B） Ability to speak the clients language. （ C） Technical know-how. （ D） Business experience. 15 The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can _. （ A） better control the whole negotiation process （ B） easily find new approaches to
18、 meet market needs （ C） fast-forward their proposals to headquarters （ D） easily make friends with businesspeople abroad 16 Friction between Americas military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. Americas 220-year experiment in civilian control of the military is a recipe for friction. The nat
19、ions history has seen a series of shifts in decision-making power among the White House, the civilian secretaries and the uniformed elite(精英 ). However, what may seem on the outside an unstable and special system of power sharing has, without a doubt, been a key to two centuries of military success.
20、 In the infighting dates to the revolution, George Washington waged a continual struggle not just for money, but to control the actual battle plan. The framers of the Constitution sought to clarify things by making the president the “commander in chief“. Not since Washington wore his uniform and led
21、 the troops across the Alleghenies to quell(镇压 ) the Whiskey Rebellion has a sitting president taken command in the field. Yet the absolute authority of the president ensures his direct command. The president was boss, and everyone in uniform knew it. In the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln dealt directly
22、 with his generals, and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton handled administrative details. Lincoln, inexperienced in military matters, initially deferred(顺从 ) to his generals. But when their caution proved disastrous, he issued his General War Order No. 1 explicitly commanding a general advance of al
23、l Union forces. Some generals, George B. McClellan in particular, bridled at his hands-on direction. But in constitutional terms, Lincoln was in the right. His most important decision was to put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the Union Army in 1864. Left to its own timetable, the military establishme
24、nt would never have touched Grant. The relationship between the president and his general provides a textbook lesson in civilian control and power sharing. Grant was a general who would take the fight to the enemy, and not second-guess the presidents political decisions. Unlike McClellan, for exampl
25、e, Grant cooperated wholeheartedly in recruiting black soldiers. For his part, Lincoln did not meddle in operations and did not visit the headquarters in the field unless invited. The balance set up by Grant and Lincoln stayed more or less in place through World War I. Not until World War II did the
26、 pendulum finally swing back toward the White House. Franklin Roosevelt, who had been assistant Navy secretary during World War I, was as well prepared to be commander in chief as any wartime president since George Washington. 16 According to the author, the system of power sharing between the White
27、 House and the generals _. （ A） is unstable and strange （ B） is a guarantee for American military success （ C） has caused a series of quarrels （ D） undermines the bases of American military power 17 The phrase “the uniformed elite“ in Paragraph one most probably refers to _. （ A） outstanding soldier
28、s （ B） officers （ C） officials （ D） generals 18 According to the passage, Washington _. （ A） struggled with the congress only for money （ B） lived up to the code of the constitution that the president was “the commander in chief“ （ C） looked more like a general than a president （ D） did much more th
29、an he should as a president 19 Why was the putting of Grant in charge of the Union Army an important decision? （ A） Because Lincoln was inexperienced in military affairs, he had to do so. （ B） Grant whole-heartedly believed in Lincoln, and their cooperation proved to be a nonesuch. （ C） All things c
30、onsidered, Grant was somewhat better than McClellan. （ D） The decision to put Grant in charge of the Union Army was not against the constitution. 20 In the last paragraph, the author implies that _. （ A） Roosevelt was better prepared to be a wartime president than Lincoln （ B） in the Second World Wa
31、r, the relationship between the White House and the generals was intense （ C） both Lincoln and Roosevelt were good wartime presidents, although their actual way of dealing things may be different （ D） George Washington was actually the best president 21 Crossing Wesleyan Universitys campus usually r
32、equires walking over colorful messages chalked on the ground. They can be as innocent as meeting announcements, but in a growing number of cases the language is meant to shock. Its not uncommon, for instance, to see lewd references to professors sexual preferences scrawled across a path or the menti
33、on of the word “Nig“ that African-American students say make them feel uncomfortable. In response, officials and students at schools are now debating ways to lead their communities away from forms of expression that offend or harass(侵扰 ). In the process, theyre putting up against the difficulties of
34、 regulating speech at institutions that pride themselves on fostering open debate. Mr. Bennet of Wesleyan says he had gotten used to seeing occasional chalkings filled with four-letter words. Campus tradition made any horizontal surface not attached to a building a potential billboard. But when chal
35、kings began taking on a more threatening and lewd tone, Bennet decided to act. “This is not acceptable in a workplace and not acceptable in an institution of higher learning“, Bennet says. For now, Bennet is seeking input about what kind of message-posting policy the school should adopt. The student
36、 assembly recently passed a resolution saying the “right to speech comes with implicit responsibilities to respect community standards“. Other public universities have confronted problems this year while considering various ways of regulating where students can express themselves. At Harvard Law Sch
37、ool, the recent controversy was more linked to the academic setting. Minority students there are seeking to curb what they consider harassing speech in the wake of a series of incidents last spring. At a meeting held by the “Committee on Healthy Diversity“ last week, the schools Black Law Students A
38、ssociation endorsed a policy targeting discriminatory harassment. It would trigger a review by school officials if there were charges of “severe or pervasive conduct“ by students or faculty. The policy would cover harassment based on, but not limited to, factors such as race, religion, creed, sexual
39、 orientation, national origin, and ethnicity(种族划分 ). Boston attorney Harvey Silverglate, says other schools have adopted similar harassment policies that are actually speech codes, punishing students for raising certain ideas. “Restricting students from saying anything that would be perceived as ver
40、y unpleasant by another student continues uninterrupted“, says Silverglate, who attended the Harvard Law town meeting last week. 21 What is the typical scene found in the campus of Wesleyan University? （ A） Pieces of chalk are scattered everywhere on the ground. （ B） There are some meeting announcem
41、ents on the billboard. （ C） All kinds of messages are written on the paths. （ D） Some people are shocked by the meeting announcements. 22 From the passage we can see that _. （ A） officials and students are debating whether they should have free speech （ B） in the past decade, people did not have any
42、 freedom of speech （ C） some students are attacked politically as targets （ D） officials and students are discussing ways of avoiding offending messages 23 Mr. Bennet _. （ A） has gotten used to seeing messages on the billboard （ B） thinks that it is not acceptable to have chalkings on the ground in
43、an institution of higher learning （ C） is looking for a good policy which can guide the way of students message posting （ D） has decided to chalk some messages to fight against the harassing ones 24 The essential of the problem is to _. （ A） stick up for free speech （ B） cleanse the academic setting
44、 （ C） cut the throat of free speech （ D） please the minorities 25 What is the policy adopted by many schools after heated debating? （ A） It is for the universities to clamp down on speech concerning racist comments or other forms of inappropriate ideas. （ B） It is to teach students to learn how to e
45、xpress themselves more clearly. （ C） It is to give the minority groups the fight to speak freely. （ D） It is to urge students to discuss problems concerning race, religion, national origin and ethnicity. 26 There are great careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these
46、 careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing t
47、he forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. And these “generalists“ are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other peoples work, to begin it and judge i
48、t. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained“ man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist and especially the administrator deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with di
49、rection giving. He is an “educated“ man; and the humanities fire his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the r
