1、考研英语模拟试卷 112及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 All Americans are at least vaguely (1)_ with the (2)_ of the American Indian. Cutbacks in federal programs for Indians have made th
2、eir problems (3)_ more severe in recent years. Josephy reports,“ (4)_ 1981 it was estimated that cut, backs in federal programs for Indians totaled about $500 million“ (5)_ mole than ten times the cuts affecting their (6)_ fellow Americans. This reduced funding is affecting almost all aspects of res
3、ervation life, (7)_ education. If the Indians could solve their (8)_ problems, solutions to many of their other problems might not be far behind. In, this paper the current status of Indian education will be described and (9)_ and some ways of improving this education will be proposed. Whether to (1
4、0)_ with the dominant American culture or to (11)_ Indian culture has been a longstanding issue in Indian education. The next fifty years became a period of (12)_ assimilation in all areas of Indian culture, but especially in religion and education. John Collier, a reformer who agitated. (13)_ India
5、ns and their culture from the early 1920s until his death in 1968, had a different idea. He believed that instead of effacing native culture, Indian schools (14)_ encourage and (15)_ it. Pressure to assimilate remains a potent force today, (16)_. More and more Indians are graduating from high school
6、 and college and becoming (17)_ for jobs in the non-Indian society.“ When Indians obtain the requisite skills, many of them enter the broader American society and succeed.“ (18)_ approximately 90 percent of all Indian children are educated in state public school systems (Taylor 136, 155). (19)_ thes
7、e children compete with the members of the dominant society, however, is another (20)_. （ A） agreeable （ B） regardless （ C） familiar （ D） sympathetic （ A） predicament （ B） dilemma （ C） scrape （ D） plight （ A） even （ B） ever （ C） greatly （ D） further （ A） Since （ B） Up to （ C） Before （ D） By the end
8、of （ A） or （ B） and （ C） yet （ D） but （ A） non-Indian （ B） Indian （ C） previous （ D） former （ A） except （ B） regarding （ C） besides （ D） including （ A） cultural （ B） educational （ C） social （ D） severe （ A） estimated （ B） evaluated （ C） settled （ D） decided （ A） agree （ B） push forward （ C） assimila
9、te （ D） deal （ A） reserve （ B） converse （ C） detain （ D） preserve （ A） enforced （ B） overall （ C） contemptuous （ D） unbelievable （ A） in favor of （ B） on behalf of （ C） side by side with （ D） far behind （ A） would （ B） should （ C） could （ D） might （ A） realize （ B） assimilate （ C） acknowledge （ D） r
10、evitalize （ A） yet （ B） furthermore （ C） however （ D） just the same （ A） available （ B） reachable （ C） suitable （ D） eligible （ A） In the future （ B） In the past （ C） At present （ D） Maybe （ A） What （ B） Whether （ C） That （ D） How （ A） question （ B） issue （ C） aspect （ D） matter Part A Directions: R
11、ead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 The subject of my study is a woman who is initiating social change in a small region in Texas. The women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers. There is more tha
12、n one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior. The pattern I lifestyle represents how migrant farm workers of all nationalities lived in the past and how many continue to live. I treat this pattern as a baseline wit
13、h which to compare the changes represented by pattern II and III. Families in pattern I work and travel in ex tended kin units, with the eldest male occupying the position of authority. Families are large? Eight or nine children are not unusual? And all members are economic contributors in this stra
14、tegy of family migration. Families in pattern II manifest some differences in behavior while still maintaining aspects of pattern I. They continue to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their schedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year. Parents in this pattern ofte
15、n find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income. Pat tern II families usually have fewer children than do pattern I families. The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all. Both parents work full time in the
16、 area and have an average of three children. Children attend school for the entire year. In pattern III, the women in particular create new roles for themselves for which no local models exist. They not only work full time but may, in addition, return to school. They also assume a greater responsibi
17、lity in family decisions than do women in the other patterns. Although these women are in the minority among residents of the region, they serve as role models for others, causing moderate changes to spread in their communities. Now opportunities have continued to be determined by pre-existing value
18、s. When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses. Such positions were unaccepted to many men in the area because they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women. Women therefore took the jobs, at
19、first, because the income was desperately needed. But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the familys distress, was over. These women enjoyed their work, its responsibility, and the companionship of fellow women workers. The steady, relatively high income allowed their f
20、amilies to stop migrating. And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider changes in their lives that they would not have considered before. 21 Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage? （
21、 A） A Survey of Three Mexican-American Families at Work in Texas. （ B） Innovative Career Women: Effects on Family Unity. （ C） Changes in the Life-styles of Migrant Mexican-American Families. （ D） Farming of Family: The Unavoidable Choice for Migrant Farm Workers. 22 All of the following statements a
22、bout pattern children express differences EXCEPT _. （ A） they migrate for part of each year （ B） they spend less time contributing to family income （ C） they spend more months on school （ D） their parents sometimes work at jobs rather than fanning 23 According to the passage, which of the following
23、is NOT true of women in pattern families? （ A） They earn a reliable and comparatively high income. （ B） They continue to work solely to meet the urgent needs of their family. （ C） They enjoy the fellowship involved in working with other women. （ D） They serve as models of behavior for others in the
24、region. 24 _ have an average of three children. （ A） Pattern families （ B） Pattern families （ C） Pattern families （ D） None of all 25 The authors attitude towards the three patterns of behavior mentioned in the passage is best described as one of _. （ A） great admiration （ B） unbiased objectivity （
25、C） dissatisfaction （ D） indifference 26 Emerging from the 1950 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill. This development-and its strong implications for US politics and economy in yea
26、rs ahead-has enthroned the South as Americas most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nations head counting. Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people-numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain
27、adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years. Americans have been migrating south and west in larger number since World War II, and the pattern still prevails. Three sun belt states Florida, Texas and California together had nearly 10 million more p
28、eople in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th-with Cleveland and Washington D.C. dropping out of the top 10. Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say, “Nonstop waves o
29、f immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterdays baby boom generation reached its child bearing years.“ Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just
30、for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Regionally, the Rocky Mountain States reported the most rapid growth rate 37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population. Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. E
31、xcept for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people about 9 per square mile. The flight from over crowdedness affects the migration from Snow Belt to more bearable climates. Nowhere do 1950 census statistics dramatize more the American sear
32、ch for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state. In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose and still are choosing somewhat colder
33、 climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State. As a result, Californias growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent little more than two-thirds the 1960S growth figure and considerably below that of other Wes
34、tern states. 26 Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980 census provided, America in 1970s _. （ A） enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in history （ B） witnessed a southwestern shift of population （ C） underwent an unparalleled period of population growth （ D） broug
35、ht to a standstill its pattern of migration since World War 27 The census distinguished itself from previous studies on population movement in that _. （ A） it stresses the climatic influence on population distribution （ B） it highlights the contribution of continuous waves of immigrants （ C） it reve
36、als the Americans new pursuit of spacious living （ D） it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterdays “baby boom“ 28 We can see from the available statistics that _. （ A） California was once the most thinly populated area in the whole US （ B） the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all l
37、ocated in the West （ C） cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migration （ D） Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of population 29 The word “demographers“ (Line 1, Paragraph 7) most probably means _. （ A） people in favor of the trend of democracy （ B） advocates of
38、migration between states （ C） scientists engaged in the study of population （ D） conservatives clinging to old patterns of life 30 The US population in the 1970s is _ largest of the world. （ A） the first （ B） the second （ C） the third （ D） the fourth 31 During the whole of a dull, dark and soundless
39、 day in the, autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country, and at length found myself, as the shades of the evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. Thus Edgar Allan
40、Poe opened his story of the fall of the House of Usher in 1839. In this beautifully crafted sentence he captured so much that is essential to the horror story: darkness, ominous solitude, foreboding calm, apprehension and uncertainty, and a deep feeling of melancholy that could soon turn to fear. Ma
41、ny kinds of fiction are self-explanatory: mysteries, Westerns, love stories, spy thrillers, and science fiction define themselves by the terms used to name them. The horror story is less easily defined, perhaps because other types of fiction so often use the trappings of terror to enhance their plot
42、s. Charles Dickens used the vehicle of an old-fashioned ghost story to tell A Christmas Carol, but that book is not a honor story. Nor does a Grimm brothers fairy tale such as Hansen and Grate with its child-devouring witch, belong to the genre. The nature of the horror story is. best indicated by t
43、he title of the 1980s television series Tales from the Dark Side. Human beings have always acknowledged that there is evil in the world and a dark side to human nature that cannot be explained except perhaps in religious terms. This evil may be imagined as having an almost unlimited power to inspire
44、 anxiety, fear, dread, and terror in addition to doing actual physical and mental harm. In the tale of horror quite ordinary people are confronted by something unknown and fearful, which can be neither understood nor explained in reasonable terms. It is the emphasis on the unreasonable that lies at
45、the heart of horror stories. This kind of literature arose in the 18th century at the start of a movement called Romanticism. The movement was a reaction against a rational, orderly world in which humanity was basically good and everything could be explained scientifically. The literary type that in
46、spired the horror story is Gothic fiction, tales of evil, often set in sinister medieval surroundings. This original kind of horror fiction has persisted to the present. 31 In his novel, Edgar Allen Poe _. （ A） integrated the description of beauty into his horror story （ B） used a lot of typical des
47、criptions of horror stories （ C） was universally considered as the father of horror story （ D） combined a touch of sadness in his description of horror 32 By saying that many kinds of fiction are self-explanatory (the first sentence of paragraph 2), the author means _. （ A） they are easy to understa
48、nd （ B） they are meant for ordinary readers （ C） they often use horror to develop their plots （ D） their categories show what they are about 33 What is considered to be the most important ingredient that makes a horror story? （ A） Irrationality. （ B） Melancholy. （ C） Uncertainty. （ D） Suspension. 34
49、 The horror stories are based on _. （ A） Gothic fiction （ B） tales of evil （ C） love story （ D） both A and B 35 It is obvious that the assumption behind horror stories is that _. （ A） human beings are basically good （ B） mankind is evil in nature （ C） mankind can be taught to be good （ D） both A and C 36 The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate
