1、考研英语模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Sometimes we have specific problems with our mother; sometimes, life with her can just be hard work. If there are difficulties in you
2、r (1)_, its best to deal with them, (2)_ remember that any (3)_ should be done (4)_ person or by letter. The telephone is not a good (5)_ because it is too easy (6)_ either side to (7)_ the conversation. Explain to her (8)_ you find difficult in your relationship and then (9)_ some new arrangements
3、that you think would establish a (10)_ balance between you. Sometimes we hold (11)_ from establishing such boundaries because we are afraid that doing (12)_ implies we are (13)_ her. We need to remember that being (14)_ from our mother does not (15)_ mean that we no longer love her. If the conflict
4、is (16)_ and you cannot find a way to (17)_ it, you might decide to give up your relationship with your mother for a while. Some of my patients had (18)_ “trial separations“. The (19)_ allowed things to simmer down, enabling (20)_. （ A） relationship （ B） emission （ C） emulation （ D） interpretation （
5、 A） and （ B） but （ C） thus （ D） or （ A） contradiction （ B） estimation （ C） confrontation （ D） immersion （ A） by （ B） for （ C） to （ D） in （ A） innovation （ B） manoeuvre （ C） medium （ D） synthesis （ A） on （ B） for （ C） off （ D） to （ A） formulate （ B） commence （ C） perceive （ D） terminate （ A） whether
6、（ B） how （ C） what （ D） why （ A） propose （ B） perform （ C） remove （ D） outline （ A） distinctive （ B） turbulent （ C） spontaneous （ D） healthier （ A） back （ B） on （ C） off （ D） by （ A） it （ B） which （ C） what （ D） so （ A） mustering （ B） ejecting （ C） insulting （ D） retaliating （ A） harmonious （ B） who
7、lesome （ C） malignant （ D） independent （ A） instantly （ B） reluctantly （ C） necessarily （ D） steadily （ A） moderate （ B） hereditary （ C） inevitable （ D） extreme （ A） shape （ B） resolve （ C） simulate （ D） grind （ A） successful （ B） compulsory （ C） miserable （ D） stationary （ A） blunder （ B） temptatio
8、n （ C） break （ D） trait （ A） reconciliation （ B） rebellion （ C） recreation （ D） rehearse Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 If soldiering was for the money, the Special Air Service (SAS) and the Special Boat
9、 Service (SBS) would have disintegrated in recent years. Such has been the explosion in private military companies (PMCs) that they employ an estimated 30,000 in Iraq alone and no government can match their fat salaries. A young SAS trooper earns about 2,000($3,500) a month; on the “circuit“, as sol
10、diers call the private world, he could get 15,000. Why would he not? For reasons both warm-hearted and cool-headed. First, for love of regiment and comrades, bonds that tend to be tightest in the most select units. Second, for the operational support, notably field medicine, and the security, includ
11、ing life assurance and pension, that come with the queens paltry shilling. Although there has been no haemorrhaging of special force (SF) fighters to the private sector, there has been enough of a trickle to cause official unease. A memo recently circulated in the Ministry of Defence detailed the lo
12、ss of 24 SF senior non-commissioned officers to private companies in the past year. All had completed 22 years of service, and so were eligible for a full pension, and near the end of their careers. Yet there is now a shortage of hard-bitten veterans to fill training and other jobs earmarked for the
13、m, under a system for retaining them known as “continuance“. America has responded to the problem by throwing cash at it, offering incentives of up to $150,000 to sign new contracts. The Ministry of Defence has found a cheaper ploy. It has spread the story of two British PMC employees, recently kill
14、ed in Iraq, whose bodies were left rotting in the sun. 21 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. （ A） the private world is called “circuit“ by soldiers （ B） PMCs employ an estimated 30,000 soldiers in Iraq alone （ C） Britains best soldiers stand resolute against mammon （ D） A young SBS
15、trooper earns about 15,000 22 The word “security“ in the second paragraph most probably means _. （ A） protection （ B） document （ C） certificate （ D） safety 23 Paragraph 2 is written to _. （ A） advance both warm-hearted and cool-headed causes （ B） reinterate the significance of queens paltry shilling
16、 （ C） shed light on the love of regiment and comrades （ D） interpret why young SAS troopers would not get 15,000 24 The conclusion can be made from the third paragraph that _. （ A） the Ministry of Defence detailed 24 SBS troopers （ B） the fat salaries by the private military companies have worked to
17、 some SF troopers （ C） the present system for retaining hard-bitten veterans is impeccable （ D） 20 years of service underlies a full pension 25 In the last paragraph of the text, the author has _. （ A） comment on a tip （ B） anticipate a result （ C） made a contrast （ D） depict a sample 26 As any dipl
18、omat from Britain, Austria or Turkey can tell you, handling the legacy of a vanished, far-flung empire is a tricky business. But for Georgia, the gap between old glory and present vulnerability is especially wide. Todays Georgia is diminished by war, buffeted by geopolitics and recovering from post-
19、Soviet chaos. But 800 years ago the country was a mighty military, cultural and ecclesiastical force. Its greatest monarch, Queen Tamara, defeated many foes (including her first husband) and built fine monuments. In her time, Georgia also had a big stake in the Christian life of the Holy Land. From
20、Jerusalem to the Balkans, Georgias priests, artists and church-builders were active and respected. So too were its poets, like Shota Rustaveli, the national bard who dedicated an epic to his beloved queen. In between seeking western aid and coping with power cuts, modern Georgia has pledged to keep
21、a wary eye on every place where churches, inscriptions and frescoes testify to its golden age. That includes Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania and above all, Israel. Last year, Georgians were enraged when a fresco of Rustaveli, in a Jerusalem church under the care of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate,
22、 was defaced, then badly restored. This year, a better restoration was done, but Georgians now want a promise that in all future restoration their own experts can take part. They also want to stop the seepage of Georgian frescoes and icons, supposedly under the Patriarchates care, on to the art mark
23、et. Several times, Georgia has had to use its meagre resources to buy back pieces of the national heritage. The hope is that things will improve with the recent election of a new Jerusalem Patriarch, after his predecessor was ousted under a cloud of scandal. Georgias ties with Israel are good, thank
24、s to a thriving Georgian-Jewish community with happy memories of its homeland. Georgia also gets along with Greece, amid a fug of sentimentality over legends about the Argonauts that link the two nations. But can these warm, fuzzy feelings translate into better protection for an ancient culture? Tha
25、t will be a challenge for Geld Bezhuashvili, who succeeds Salome Zourabichvili, the French-born diplomat who was sacked, after a power struggle, as Georgian foreign minister on October 19th. 26 The word “tricky“ in the first paragraph of the text denotes _. （ A） deceptive （ B） crafty （ C） tough （ D）
26、 tacit 27 According to the text, Georgia used to be influential in _. （ A） religion （ B） agronomy （ C） medicine （ D） horticulture 28 Romania is mentioned in the text to _. （ A） illustrate a fresco of Rustaveli （ B） demonstrate the western aid Georgia obtained （ C） indicate Georgias golden age （ D） s
27、pecify the scope of Georgias lookout 29 It can be inferred from the text that the prospect of Georgias heritage protection _. （ A） is to be a power struggle （ B） is liable to become better （ C） is to be a cloud of scandal （ D） is likely to become active and respected 30 The authors attitude toward t
28、he transformation mentioned in the last paragraph is _. （ A） affirmative （ B） critical （ C） negative （ D） cautious 31 Fear seems to be the dominant mood of the moment. Hurricanes, tidal waves, floods, earthquakes and terrorism this year have all brought with them not only appalling scenes of devasta
29、tion, death and suffering, but also outrage at the lack of preparations to avoid or cope with these disasters. Now even the birds of the air are a threat, we are told. That migrating flock visible On the horizon at sunset, once a consoling reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature, could be carrying
30、 the virus which might soon kill tens of millions of people. Given the many fingers pointed at governments in the wake of other disasters this year, it is hardly surprising that they are scrambling to respond to the threat posed by avian influenza. After confirmation this week that the H5N1 strain o
31、f bird flu, which has been spreading quickly in Asia, had been discovered in Romania and perhaps Greece, European Union foreign ministers convened an emergency meeting. President George Bush, still smarting from a torrent of criticism of his governments clumsy response to Hurricane Katrina, has prom
32、ised to rush out emergency plans for dealing with an outbreak of pandemic flu which have been stalled for years. Countries around the world are hurrying to stockpile the only current antiviral drug, Tamifln, which might be effective in saving lives in any pandemic or curbing its spread. The World He
33、alth Organisation is calling for an internationally coordinated effort. Health ministers from around the globe are due to meet next week in Canada to discuss what steps to take. Is any of this effort justified? Or are politicians simply helping to feed public panic, and then covering themselves by p
34、romising to spend lavishly against a threat which may never materialize and to reduce a risk which they do not understand? To ask these questions is not to counsel complacency, but to apply the kind of test which is required in any kind of disaster planning, not least because the world is an inheren
35、tly dangerous place and it is impossible to plan against every possible disaster. With the media full of warnings of impending mass death, an overreaction is all too possible. 31 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. （ A） strong resentment resulted from the lack of preparations to cope
36、 with recent disasters （ B） the dominant mood of the moment resulted in the appalling scenes of devastation （ C） tens of millions of people could carry the virus on the horizon （ D） reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature emerged at sunset to avoid these disasters 32 According to the text, America
37、n emergency plans for coping with an outbreak of pandemic flu _. （ A） have been stipulated （ B） have been enacted （ C） have been abolished （ D） have been delayed 33 Which of the following remarks on our available antiviral medication would the author make? （ A） Effective but poisonous. （ B） Harmful
38、but populous. （ C） Meager and not reliable. （ D） Affordable and palatable. 34 The phrase “not least“ in the last but one sentence of the text means _. （ A） at most （ B） not at all （ C） marginally （ D） particularly 35 It can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text that _. （ A） strong and inte
39、nse response derive from the mass media （ B） the attempts to be made can no longer be justified by their intention （ C） public panic would be diluted by politicians promise （ D） the only remedy is to spend lavishly against a threat 36 The idea is as audacious as it altruistic: provide a personal lap
40、top computer to every schoolchild particularly in the poorest parts of the world. The first step to making that happen is whittling the price down to $100. And that is the goal of a group of American techno-gurus led by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of the fabled MIT Media Lab. When he unveiled t
41、he idea at the World Economic Forum in January it seemed wildly ambitious. But surprisingly, it is starting to become a reality. Mr. Negroponte plans to display the first prototype in November at a UN summit. Four countries Brazil, Egypt, Thailand and South Africa have said they will buy over I m un
42、its each. Production is due to start in late 2006. How is the group, called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC), able to create a laptop so inexpensively? It is mainly a matter of cleverly combining existing technologies in new ways. The laptop will have a basic processor made by AMD, flash memory instead o
43、f a hard disk, will be powered by batteries or a hand-crank, and will run open-source software. The $100 laptop also puts all the components behind the screen, not under the keyboard, so there is no need for an expensive hinge. So far, OLPC has got the price down to around $130. But good news for th
44、e worlds poor, may not be such great news for the worlds computer manufacturers. The new machine is not simply of interest in the developing world. On September 22nd, Mitt Romney, the governor of Massachusetts, said the state should purchase one for every secondary-school student, when they become a
45、vailable. Sales to schools are just one way in which the $100 laptop could change the computer industry more broadly. By depressing prices and fuelling the trend for “good-enough computing“, where customers upgrade less often, it could eventually put pressure on the worlds biggest PC-makers. 36 Acco
46、rding to the text, which of the following is beyond the publics anticipation? （ A） The idea of cheap trick is starting to come true. （ B） OLPC is able to create so inexpensive laptops. （ C） Every secondary-school student will purchase a $100 laptop. （ D） Sales to schools are just one way to display
47、the first prototype. 37 The creation Of the cheap laptop mentioned in the text relies on _. （ A） hi-tech innovation by experienced scientists （ B） novel means of combination （ C） basic processors manufactured by AMD （ D） the state-of-art facilities and equipment 38 It can be inferred from the text t
48、hat _. （ A） South Africa has claimed that it will purchase over one million units （ B） the idea is as audacious as it altruistic （ C） the flash memory will be supplanted by a hard disk （ D） the desired price of the laptop has not been reached yet 39 Mitt Romney is mentioned in the text so as to _. （
49、 A） evidence the cause for the disappointment of the international computer makers in the goal of OLPC （ B） illustrate good news for the worlds poor （ C） appeal the worlds computer manufacturers （ D） analyse the psychological reaction to the cheap trick advanced by OLPC 40 Based on the last paragraph, which of the following is true? （ A） Every secondary-school student will be granted a $100
