1、Designation: C610 16Standard Specification forMolded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers molded expanded
3、perliteblock, fittings, and pipe thermal insulation intended for use onsurfaces with temperatures between 80 to 1200F (27 to649C).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for inf
4、ormation onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regula
5、tory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties ofThermal InsulationsC168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
6、the Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Proper-ties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Pre-formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType The
7、rmal InsulationC335/C335M Test Method for Steady-State Heat TransferProperties of Pipe InsulationC356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to SoakingHeatC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-
8、Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC421 Test Method for Tumbling Friability of PreformedBlock-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type ThermalInsulationC450 Practice for Fabrication of Thermal Insulating FittingCovers for NPS Piping, and Vessel LaggingC518 Test Method for Steady-
9、State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of ThermalInsulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and TubingC795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-tact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC1045 Practice for Calculati
10、ng Thermal Transmission Prop-erties Under Steady-State ConditionsC1058/C1058M Practice for Selecting Temperatures forEvaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of ThermalInsulationC1616 Test Method for Determining the Moisture Contentof Organic and Inorganic Insulation Materials by WeightC1617 Prac
11、tice for Quantitative Accelerated LaboratoryEvaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing IonsLeached from Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosionof MetalsC1763 Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion ofThermal Insulation MaterialsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding
12、MaterialsE136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750C3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of general terms related tothermal insulation used in this specification, refer to Terminol-ogy C168.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 o
13、nThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 onHomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C610 15. DOI:10.1520/C0610-16.2For referenced
14、ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
15、hocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Standard Shapes, Sizes, and Dimensions4.1 Molded expanded perlite block, fitting, and pipe thermalinsulation shall be as follows:4.1.1 BlockBlock shall be furnished in lengths of either 36or 39.4 in. (914 or 1000 mm), widths of 6 in. (152 mm), 12 in.(305 mm),
16、18 in. (457 mm), or 24 in. (610 mm), and inthickness from 112 to 6 in. (38 to 152 mm) in increments of12in. (13 mm).4.1.2 Pipe InsulationMolded expanded perlite pipe insu-lation shall be supplied either as hollow cylindrical shapes splitin half lengthwise (in a plane including the cylindrical axis)
17、orcurved segments. The pipe insulation shall be furnished insections or segments in lengths of either 36 or 39.4 in. (914 or1000 mm) to fit standard sizes of pipe and tubing, and innominal thickness from 1 to 4 in. (25 to 102 mm) in12-in.(13-mm) increments. Inner and outer diameters of multilayercon
18、struction shall be specified. Inner and outer diameters shallbe in accordance with those standard dimensions specified inPractice C585. Since outside diameter tolerances differ be-tween individual manufacturing processes, it is acceptable tohave pipe insulation furnished in two or more layers nested
19、 bythe manufacturer. The purchaser shall consult the manufacturerfor specific requirements.4.1.3 FittingsMolded (expanded insulation fittings shallconform to the inner and outer diameters in accordance withPractice C585. Mitered fittings shall be in accordance withPractice C450.5. Description5.1 Com
20、positionmolded expanded perlite block, fitting,and pipe thermal insulation shall be composed principally ofexpanded perlite and silicate binders may contain reinforcingfibers.6. Dimensional Tolerances6.1 GeneralThe average tolerances for length, width, andthickness shall comply with the requirements
21、 shown in Table 1.6.2 Pipe InsulationThe following additional tolerancesapply to perlite pipe insulation supplied as half sections:6.2.1 Fit and ClosureWhen fitted to the appropriate sizepipe, the longitudinal seam of the pipe insulation shall close towithin116 in. (1.6 mm) along the entire length o
22、f the section.6.2.2 ConcentricityThe inner bore of the pipe insulationshall be concentric with the outer cylindrical surface. Thedeviation from concentricity shall not exceed18 in. (3.2 mm)or 5 % of the wall thickness, whichever is greater.6.2.3 Half-Section BalanceThe plane formed by the splitbetwe
23、en half sections shall include the cylindrical axis. Devia-tion of the split plane from the cylinder axis over the 36 or39.4-in. (914 or 1000-mm) length shall not exceed18 in. (3.2mm).7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 Since some requirements for this material are not easilydefined by a numer
24、ical value, the insulation shall not havevisible defects that will adversely affect its service qualities.8. Physical Requirements8.1 The insulation shall conform to the physical require-ments in Table 2.9. Sampling9.1 The insulation shall be sampled in accordance withPractice C390. Specific provisi
25、on for sampling shall be agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier.10. Qualification Requirements10.1 The following requirements are generally employedfor purpose of initial material or product qualification:10.1.1 Flexural strength,10.1.2 Compressive resistance,10.1.3 Surface burning charac
26、teristics,10.1.4 Linear shrinkage after soaking heat,10.1.5 Water absorption after heat aging,10.1.6 Apparent thermal conductivity,10.1.7 Hot-surface performance,10.1.8 Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel,10.1.9 Weight loss by tumbling,10.1.10 Mass loss corrosion rate, and10.1.11
27、 Combustibility.11. Acceptance Requirements11.1 The following requirements are generally employed forpurposes of acceptance sampling of lots or shipments ofqualified products:11.1.1 Density,11.1.2 Dimensions,11.1.3 Workmanship, and11.1.4 Moisture content.12. Test Methods12.1 The properties enumerate
28、d in this specification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following test methods:12.1.1 Density:12.1.1.1 Block InsulationTest Method C303.12.1.1.2 Pipe InsulationTest Method C302, Procedure A.12.1.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:12.1.2.1 Block InsulationTest Method C177 per PracticeC1058/C10
29、58M large temperature difference method or TestMethod C518, using 112 612-in. (38 6 13-mm) thickspecimens.12.1.2.2 Pipe InsulationTest Method C335/C335M, using112 612 in. (386 13-mm) thick specimens of pipe insulationas supplied for fit to a 3-in. (89 mm) nominal iron pipe.12.1.2.3 Apparent thermal
30、conductivity versus mean tem-perature shall be calculated in accordance with Practice C1045.TABLE 1 Dimensional TolerancesBlock PipeLength 18 in. (3.2 mm) 18 in. (3.2 mm)Width 18 in. (3.2 mm) .Thickness 18 in. (3.2 mm) 18 in. (3.2 mm)Inner Diameter . in accordance with Practice C585Outer Diameter .
31、in accordance with Practice C585C610 162Determinations shall be made at four or more mean tempera-tures. Two of the test mean temperatures shall be within 50F(28C) of the highest and lowest mean temperature specified inTable 2. The other two determinations shall be made at meantemperatures spaced eq
32、ually within the specified range. All testtemperatures shall be selected in accordance with PracticeC1058/C1058M and reported in the test results. The results ofthese tests shall be interpolated through reasonable curve fittingor numerical techniques, to establish the apparent thermalconductivity at
33、 the specified mean temperature.12.1.3 Linear Shrinkage After Heat SoakingRefer to TestMethod C356. The test temperature shall be 1200F (649C).12.1.4 Flexural Strength (Block Insulation Only)TestMethods C203 Method 1 (3 Point), Procedure D, test 2in.(50mm) thick specimens. The flexural strength of p
34、ipe insula-tion cannot be tested.12.1.5 Compressive Resistance (Block Insulation Only)Test Method C165, ProcedureA. Test nominal 112 612-in. (386 13mm) thick specimens.12.1.6 Weight Loss by TumblingTest Method C421.12.1.7 Moisture ContentTest Method C1616. The valuereported should be the numerical a
35、verage of the calculatedmoisture content of four specimens rounded to the nearest 1 %.12.1.8 Water Absorption After Heat AgingTest MethodC1763, Procedure A.12.1.8.1 Select one specimen to be tested. For additionalinformation, it is acceptable to select an additional specimen tobe included representi
36、ng insulation that is not heat aged. If theadditional specimen is included, dry the specimen to constantweight at 100C then condition the additional specimen in acontrolled atmosphere of 73 6 5F and 50 6 5 % for aminimum of 48 h.TABLE 2 Physical RequirementsABlock and PipeDensity, lb/ft3(kg/m3)max 1
37、5 (240)Flexural Strength, lb/in.2(kPa) min 45 (310) Block onlyStress corrosion Cracking of Austentic StainlessSteelpass passMass Loss Corrosion Rate _ # DI waterCompressive Resistance at 5% Deformationor Yield whichever occurs first, lb/in.2(kPa)min 70 (483) Block onlyWeight Loss by Tumbling, % loss
38、 in Weight after 10minutesmax 70Moisture content,B% by weight max 10Linear Shrinkage,% at 1200F (649C) for 24 h max length 2width 2thickness 8Apparent Thermal ConductivityCBtu-in./h-ft2F (W/m/K), maxMeanTemperatureApp. ThermalConductivity byTest Method C177,C335/C335M,orC518100F (38C) 0.48 (0.069)20
39、0F (93C) 0.53 (0.076)300F (149C) 0.59 (0.085)400F (204C) 0.64 (0.092)500F (260C) 0.69 (0.099)600F (316C) 0.75 (0.108)700F (371C) 0.80 (0.115)Water Absorption of Thermal Insulationafter heat aging at 600F and 48 h WaterImmersion,weight gain %max 50Surface Burning CharacteristicsFlame spread index max
40、 0Smoke developed index max 5CombustibilityPass the requirements of Test Method E136 Pass PassHot-surface PerformanceWarpage, in. (mm) max14 (6) Block onlyCracking No cracks completely through the insulation thickness. Surface cracks on hot face are acceptable.APhysical property requirements shown a
41、re for the materials in the as-manufactured condition. They may or may not represent the values of these properties under certainin-service conditions, depending on the type of installation and the ultimate temperature exposure.BWater absorption values shown are for insulation in the as-manufactured
42、 condition. Those portions of the insulation exposed to elevated temperatures may not retaintheir water absorption characteristics.CThe thermal transmission properties of perlite block and pipe insulation may vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness, and shape. Note that the apparentth
43、ermal conductivity requirements in the table are based on samples tested under the conditions specified in Test Methods C177, C335/C335M,orC518. These arecomparative values for establishing specification compliance. They may not represent the installed performance of the insulation under use conditi
44、ons differing substantiallyfrom test conditions.C610 16312.1.8.2 Heat age the test specimen at 600F (316C) for 4to 414 h. Cool the specimen in a desiccator for a minimum of1 h. Weigh the specimen immediately after removing it fromthe desiccator.12.1.8.3 Conduct the test according to Test Method C176
45、3,Procedure A, with a 48 h immersion time.12.1.9 Surface Burning CharacteristicsTest Method E84.12.1.10 Hot-Surface PerformanceTest Method C411 at1200F (649C).12.1.11 Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic StainlessSteelTest Method C795 for preproduction qualification.12.1.12 CombustibilityTest Met
46、hod E136.12.1.13 Mass Loss Corrosion Rate (MLCR)The MLCR,when tested with extracted solutions on steel coupons, shall beequal to or less than that determined when tested with DI Waterin accordance with Practice C1617.13. Inspection13.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon be-tween the pur
47、chaser and the supplier as part of the purchasecontract.14. Rejection and Rehearing14.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthe agreed-upon specification may be rejected. Rejectionshould be reported to the producer or supplier promptly and inwriting. In case of dissatisfaction with
48、the results of the test, theproducer or supplier may make claim for a rehearing.14.2 In case of rejection, the manufacturer or supplier willhave the right to reinspect the rejected shipment and resubmitthe lot after removal of that portion of the shipment notconforming to the specified requirements.
49、15. Certification15.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, aproducers or suppliers certification shall be furnished to thepurchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,or inspected in accordance with this specification and has beenfound to meet the requirements. When specified in the pur-chase order or contract, a report of the test results shall befurnished.15.2 Certification to the stress corrosion requirements ofSpecification C795 can be supplied for a given produc
