1、Designation: C627 18Standard Test Method forEvaluating Ceramic Floor Tile Installation Systems Usingthe Robinson-Type Floor Tester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C627; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of ceramic floortile installation systems, using the Robinson
3、2-type floor tester.1.2 This test method is intended solely for evaluatingcomplete ceramic floor tile installation systems for failureunder dynamic loads and not for evaluating particular charac-teristics of ceramic tile, such as abrasion resistance. This testmethod does not claim to provide meaning
4、ful results for otherthan evaluating complete ceramic floor tile installation sys-tems.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The metric (SI) units in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if
5、 any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internat
6、ionally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C144 Spe
7、cification for Aggregate for Masonry MortarC150 Specification for Portland Cement2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Robinson-type Floor Tester2Deflection Gauge43. Summary of Test Method3.1 This test method consists of preparing test assembliesthat duplicate the type of installation under consideration,subjecting the
8、m to one or more tests on the Robinson floortester, and evaluating the results in a prescribed manner.Description of the installation method must specifically includeall variables, for example, the type of materials and mixtureproportions of substratum, setting material, and tile grout; typeof tile,
9、 installation technique, and cure.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a standardized procedure forevaluating performance of ceramic floor tile installations underconditions similar to actual specific usages. It can be used tomake comparisons between customary basic installationmetho
10、ds, to establish the influence of minor changes in aparticular installation method, and to judge the merit ofproposed novel methods.5. Apparatus5.1 Foundation for TesterThe foundation for the testershall consist of a minimum 4 by 4-ft (1220 by 1220-mm)square and 1-ft (300-mm) thick cement slab. The
11、testingsurface of this slab shall be smooth, level, and flat with themaximum deviation from a true plane not to exceed132 in.(0.8 mm). The foundation may be equipped for a bottom or topdriven tester. Please see X1.1 for construction details for afoundation using a bottom driven tester that has been
12、known tomeet the requirements of the test method.5.2 TesterThe tester itself shall be a 150 6 5-lbs (68.1 62.3-kg) carriage in the shape of an equilateral triangle. Threeswivel caster wheels shall be equally spaced in a circle with15-in. (381-mm) radius from the center and fastened to theunderside o
13、f the carriage at the intersection of the bisector of1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.06 on Ceramic Tile.Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Origina
14、llyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C627 101. DOI:10.1520/C0627-18.2Detailed working drawings of the an apparatus known to meet the requirementsof this standard are available at a nominal cost from ASTM Headquarters. OrderAdjunct No. ADJC062701.3For referenced ASTM standar
15、ds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Detailed working drawings for construction of a deflection gauge known tomeet the requir
16、ements of this standard are available at nominal cost from ASTMHeadquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJC062702.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally reco
17、gnized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1each angle and the 15-in. (381-mm) radius circle. The carraiges
18、hall be capable of supporting 750 lbs (340.5 kg) of additionalweight, 250 lbs (113.5 kg) of auxiliary weights over eachwheel. The auxiliary weight stacks shall be sufficiently securedto the carriage. Cutaway diagrams of a bottom-driven appara-tus and of a top-driven apparatus are shown in Fig. 1. Pl
19、easesee X1.2 for construction details2for one example of a testerknown to meet the requirements of the test method.5.3 DriveThe tester shall be driven by a motor and speedreducer, variable speed drive, or equivalent, capable of rotatingthe carriage at 15 6 0.5 rpm during testing. Drive transmittalsh
20、all be arranged in such a manner that the plane of travel andthe elevation of the carriage are free to accommodate varioustypes of test assemblies. The drive shaft (whether top or bottomdriven tester) shall be equipped with a universal joint betweenthe driveshaft and carriage to allow contact betwee
21、n the wheelsand test panel at all times.5.4 Revolution Counter or TimerA revolution counter,capable of recording up to 1000 revolutions, or an automatictiming device which can be present to stop the tester.5.5 WheelsThe wheels shall be attached to swivel casterswith removable axles, equipped with gr
22、ease fittings.All castersshall be of ball bearing contruction. The wheels shall be 4 618 in. (102 6 3 mm) in diameter and 138 6116-in. (35 61.6 mm) in width. The wheels shall be equipped with roller orball bearings. Three sets of three wheels each are required,namely:5.5.1 One set of soft rubber whe
23、els with a 78 6 3 Shore Adurometer hardness5,5.5.2 One set of hard rubber wheels with a 80 6 3 Shore Ddurometer hardness5, and5.5.3 One set of steel wheels with a steel surface. Thesurface of the steel wheel shall be curved in such a way that theradius in the center is greater than the radius on the
24、 edge byapproximately3128 in. (0.6 mm). See Fig. 2.5.6 Weights750-lbs (340 kg) of auxiliary weights arerequired. Weights may be of any size or shape so long as theymeet the requirements found in 5.2 and the loading schedulefound in Table 1. Thirty 25-lb (11.5-kg) disk-shaped, 11-in.(280-mm) diameter
25、 bar bell weights have been known to work.Accuracy of the weights shall be 62%.5.7 Deflection Gauge (optional)A gauge accurate to0.001 in. (0.025 mm) which may be inserted between the upperand lower sheet of a plywood base to measure the deflection ofthe base under the path of the wheels.5The wheels
26、 must be conditioned at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) for a minimum of24 hours prior to measuring the durometer hardness. ShoreAand Shore D durometerhardness measurements shall be taken in the center of the wheel width prior to thewheel being placed into service on each test panel.FIG. 1 Bottom- and Top-Dri
27、ven Floor Tile Installations Systems Testers (Not to Scale)C627 1826. Test Panel Assemblies6.1 The base upon which the tile are installed, the bondingmedium, the type of tile mountings, the type of grout, and thetype of tile used may be varied with the requirements of thetest.6.1.1 Mortar Base for P
28、ortland Cement InstallationsArecommended mortar base panel for portland cement installa-tions may be cast without reinforcements into a 2-in. (51-mm)thick square with minimum dimensions of 4- by 4-ft (1220- by1220-mm), from a mortar mix consisting of six parts by weightof dry sand, clean and graded
29、(see Specification C144) and onepart by weight of portland cement (Type I of SpecificationC150), with enough potable water to make a relatively drymortar which, when stroked with a trowel, gives a smooth,slick appearance. Up to four one half-inch (12.7-mm) diameter,11-in. (280-mm) long sections of p
30、ipe or metal rod, projectingabout 5 in. (127 mm), may be horizontally cast into alternatesides of the panel to serve as lifting handles. An opening up to6-in. (152-mm) square may be cast or cut in the center of themortar base panel to permit entry of the drive shaft for bottomdriven testers. For con
31、ventional-type installation methods, thetile shall be set before the mortar hardens. After curing inaccordance with the recommendation of the manufacturer orsupplier of the product(s) being tested, such a panel is set inplace on the foundation of the testing machine with an easilyremovable plaster.
32、A polyethylene sheet shall be laid betweenthe foundation of the tester and the plaster, so that themortar-base test panel can be easily removed after completionof the test. A plaster mix of ten parts by weight of dry sand,clean and graded (Specification C144) and one part by weightof gypsum plaster
33、with enough water to make a fairly thickslurry has been found satisfactory. Construction details forsuch a panel are shown in Fig. 3.6.1.2 Concrete Base for Thin-Bed InstallationsThe sizeand construction of such a concrete base shall be the same asthat described under 6.1.1, except that the concrete
34、 mix shallconsist of three parts of gravel not over34 in. (19 mm) in size,two and one-half parts of dry sand, clean and graded (Speci-fication C144), one part of portland cement (Type I ofSpecification C150) and one part of potable water, all parts byweight. Unless otherwise specified, the concrete
35、base panelshall be cured for at least seven days before the installation oftile. The concrete base is set in place on the foundation of thetester with plaster as described in 6.1.1.6.1.3 Plywood Base for InstallationsThe plywood baseshall be of sandwich construction. For maximum stiffness, theplywoo
36、d face grain direction should be installed so as to runperpendicular to the floor joist or supports. The top shallconsist of two sections of plywood of thickness specified by themanufacturer or supplier of the product(s) being tested suchthat the joint between the two sections runs perpendicular tot
37、he joists and tangential to the center of the wheel path. runsperpendicular to the joists and tangential to the center of thewheel path. The joint between the two sections of plywoodshall be finished per the recommendation of the manufactureror supplier of the product(s) being tested. The bottom sha
38、ll bea minimum14-in. (6.4-mm) plywood. In between the top andbottom of the panel on 16-in. (406-mm) centers, shall be four4-ft (1220-mm) long sections of wood which are nominally2 in. (50 mm) wide (2 by 2 in. 50 by 50 mm or 2 by 4 in. 50by 100 mm lumber) to duplicate the support rendered by joistsin
39、 an actual installation. An opening up to 6-in. (152-mm)square may be cut in the center of the panel to permit entry ofthe drive shaft for bottom driven testers. For details ofconstruction of such a panel see Fig. 4. The panel should bereasonably secured to not allow movement of the panel duringtest
40、ing.6.1.3.1 Plywood Base with Panel-Type or Sheet-TypeUnderlaymentIf a panel-type underlayment (for example,backerboard) or a sheet-type underlayment (for example, sheetmembrane) is to be installed atop the plywood base, it shallconsist of two sections such that the joint between the twosections run
41、s parallel to the joists and tangential to the centerof the wheel path. The installation of the two sections ofunderlayment atop the plywood base and the preparation of thejoint between the two sections of underlayment shall beFIG. 2 Steel Wheel Surface ProfileDimension TableKey in. mmB (optional)12
42、 12.7F 2 50.8H (optional) 5 127.0K (optional) 6 152.4O 48 1219FIG. 3 Concrete Base Panel (Not to Scale)C627 183finished in accordance with the recommendation of the manu-facturer or supplier of the product(s) being tested. An openingup to 6-in. (152-mm) square may be cut in the center of theunderlay
43、ment and plywood base to permit entry of the driveshaft for bottom driven testers. See Fig. 5 for an illustration.6.1.4 Composition Base for InstallationsThe constructionof the composition base panel shall be identical to that of theplywood base outlined in 6.1.3, except that the top of the panelcon
44、sists of composition board or other panel-type sheetingmaterial as specified by the manufacturer or supplier of theDimension TableKey in. mmA14 6.35C As specified by the manufacturer or supplier of the product(s)being testedE158 41.28M 16 406O 48 1219P4958 1261FIG. 4 Plywood Base AssemblyFIG. 5 Plyw
45、ood Base Assembly and Panel-Type UnderlaymentC627 184product(s) being tested. The same method shall be used to setthe composition base on the foundation of the machine asoutlined in 6.1.3.7. Testing Procedure7.1 Prepare a test panel assembly using the required base inaccordance with the instructions
46、 given in 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3,or6.1.4 and install upon such a panel the type of floor tile by themethod that is to be evaluated. A minimum of four grout jointsshall be within the wheel path for each installation to beevaluated.7.2 After curing of the panel in accordance with therecommendation of the
47、 manufacturer or supplier of the prod-uct(s) being tested, mount the test panel on the foundation ofthe testing machine in accordance with the instructions givenfor the type of panel used.7.3 Install soft rubber wheels on the machine and place thenecessary weights over each wheel to obtain the weigh
48、t perwheel specified for each cycle as given in Table 1. Be sure totake into consideration that the weight of the 150-lbs (68.1-kg)carriage is distributed so that each wheel is automaticallyloaded with 50 lbs (23 kg). Therefore, subtract 50 lbs from theweight specified in the column “Total Weight pe
49、r Wheel.”7.3.1 Inspect the wheels for deterioration after each cycleand replace as necessary.7.3.1.1 Discard any rubber wheels which show evidence offatigue (radial cracks), if the diameter of the wheel falls below378 in. (98 mm), or if damage occurs to the wheel which couldresult in catastrophic damage to the test assembly or equip-ment. If any rubber wheels are replaced, make a note in thereport which details the number of wheels replaced and thecycle they were replaced. If rubber wheels are not replaced dueto fatigue or deterioration, they shall
