1、Designation: C91/C91M 12C91/C91M 18Standard Specification forMasonry Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C91/C91M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent
2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers three types of masonry cement for use w
3、here mortar for masonry is required.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two
4、 systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurement inSI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, ofmeasurements made in other units. Values are stated in only SI units
5、 when inch-pound units are not used in practice.1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.4 The following safety hazards ca
6、veat pertains only to Sections 16 and 17 of this specification. This standard does not purportto address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establishappropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices
7、 and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolonged exposure.)21.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized princ
8、iples on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M Test Method for Compres
9、sive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarC187 Test Method for Amount of
10、 Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement PasteC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement Paste by Gillmore NeedlesC270 Specification for Mortar for Unit MasonryC305 Practice f
11、or Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the 45-m (No. 325) SieveC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and Concret
12、esC778 Specification for Standard SandC1506 Test Method for Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and PlastersIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement
13、 and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.11 on Masonry Cement.Current edition approved April 1, 2012March 1, 2018. Published May 2012April 2018. Originally approved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 20052012 asC91C91/C91M 12. 05. DOI: 10.1520/C0091-12.10.1520/C0091_C0091M-18.2
14、Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. See the section on Safety Precautions in the Manual of Cement Testing.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the s
15、tandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accur
16、ately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United Stat
17、es13. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 masonry cementa hydraulic cement, primarily used in masonry and plastering construction, consisting of a mixture ofportland or blended hydraulic cement and plasticizing materials (such as limestone, hydrated or hydraulic lime) together with othermaterials intro
18、duced to enhance one or more properties such as setting time, workability, water retention, and durability.3.1.1 masonry cement, na hydraulic cement, primarily used in masonry and plastering construction, consisting of a mixtureof portland or blended hydraulic cement and plasticizing materials (such
19、 as limestone, hydrated or hydraulic lime) together withother materials introduced to enhance one or more properties such as setting time, workability, water retention, and durability.3.1.2 Other terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology C219.4. Classification4.1 Type NFor use in p
20、reparation of Specification C270 Type N mortar without further addition of cements or hydrated lime,and for use in preparation of Specification C270 Type S or Type M mortar when cement is added in accordance with therequirements of C270.4.2 Type SFor use in preparation of Specification C270 Type S m
21、ortar without further addition of cements or hydrated lime.4.3 Type MFor use in preparation of Specification C270 Type M mortar without further addition of cements or hydrated lime.5. Physical Properties5.1 Masonry cement shall conform to the applicable requirements prescribed in Table 1 for its cla
22、ssification.6. Sampling6.1 The masonry cement shall be sampled in accordance with Practice C183.7. Temperature and Humidity7.1 The temperature and relative humidity of the air in the vicinity of the mixing slab and dry materials, molds, base plates, andmixing bowl shall conform to the requirements o
23、f Test Method C109/C109M.7.2 The moist cabinet or moist room shall conform to the requirements of Specification C511.8. Fineness8.1 Determine the residue on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve in accordance with Test Method C430.9. Normal Consistency9.1 Determine normal consistency by the Vicat apparatus in ac
24、cordance with Test Method C187.10. Autoclave Expansion10.1 Determine autoclave expansion in accordance with Test Method C151. After molding, store the bars in the moist cabinetor room for 48 h 6 30 min before removal from the molds for measurement and testing in the autoclave. Calculate the differen
25、cein length of the test specimen before and after autoclaving to the nearest 0.01 % of the effective gauge length and report as theautoclave expansion of the masonry cement.TABLE 1 Physical RequirementsMasonry Cement Type N S MFineness, residue on a 45-m (No. 325) sieve, max, % 24 24 24Autoclave exp
26、ansion, max, % 1.0 1.0 1.0Time of setting, Gillmore method:Initial set, minutes, not less than 120 90 90Initial set, minutes, not more than 1000 1000 1000Compressive strength (average of 3 cubes):The compressive strength of mortar cubes, composed of 1part cement and 3 parts blended sand (half graded
27、 standardsand, and half standard 2030 sand) by volume, prepared andtested in accordance with this specification shall be equal to orhigher than the values specified for the ages indicated below:7 days, MPa (psi) 3.4 500 9.0 1300 12.4 180028 days, MPa (psi) 6.2 900 14.5 2100 20.0 2900Air content of m
28、ortar, prepared and tested in accordance withrequirements of this specification:Min, volume % 8 8 8Max, volume % 21 19 19Water retention value, min, % of original flow 70 70 70C91/C91M 18211. Time of Setting11.1 Determine the time of setting by the Gillmore needle method in accordance with Test Meth
29、od C266.12. Density12.1 Determine the density of the masonry cement in accordance with Test Method C188, using kerosine as the liquid. Use thedensity so determined in the calculation of the air content of the mortars.13. Blended Sand13.1 The sand shall be a blend of equal parts by weight of graded s
30、tandard sand and standard 2030 sand conforming toSpecification C778.14. Preparation of Mortar14.1 Proportions for MortarMortar for air entrainment, compressive strength, and water retention tests shall be proportionedto contain 1620 g of sand and a mass of cement, in grams, in accordance with Table
31、2. The sand shall consist of 810 g of gradedstandard sand and 810 g of 2030 standard sand. The quantity of water, measured in millilitres shall be such as to produce a flowof 110 6 5 as determined by Test Method C109/C109M.14.2 Mixing of MortarsMix the mortar in accordance with Practice C305.15. Air
32、 Entrainment15.1 ProcedureIf the mortar has the correct flow, use a separate portion of the mortar for the determination of entrained air.Determine the mass of 400 mL of mortar in accordance with Test Method C185.15.2 CalculationCalculate the air content of the mortar and report it to the nearest 1
33、% as follows:D 5W11W21Vw!/W1/S1!1W2/S2!1Vw# (1)A 51002Wm/4D!where:D = density of air-free mortar, g/cm3,W1 = mass of cement, g,W2 = mass of sand, g,Vw = millilitres-grams of water used,S1 = density of cement, g/cm3S2 = density of standard sand, 2.65 g/cm3,A = volume percent of entrained air, andWm =
34、 mass of 400 mL of mortar, g.16. Compressive Strength16.1 Test Specimens:16.1.1 MoldingImmediately after determining the flow and mass of 400 mL of mortar, return all of the mortar to the mixingbowl and remix for 15 s at the medium speed. Then mold the test specimens in accordance with Test Method C
35、109/C109M, exceptthat the elapsed time for mixing mortar, determining flow, determining air entrainment, and starting the molding of cubes shall bewithin 8 min.16.1.2 StorageImmediately after molding, store all test specimens in the molds on plane plates in a moist cabinet or moistroom for 48 to 52
36、h in such a manner that the upper surfaces shall be exposed to the moist air. Then remove the cubes from themolds, and place them in the moist cabinet or moist room for 5 days in such a manner as to allow free circulation of air aroundat least five faces of the specimens. At the age of 7 days, immer
37、se the cubes for the 28-day tests in saturated lime water in storagetanks of noncorrodible materials.16.2 Procedure:16.2.1 Test the cube specimens immediately after their removal from the moist cabinet or moist room for 7-day specimens, andimmediately after their removal from storage water for all o
38、ther specimens. If more than one specimen at a time is removed fromthe moist cabinet or moist room for 7-day tests, cover these cubes with a damp cloth until the time of testing.TABLE 2 Cement in Laboratory Batch of MortarMasonry Cement Type Mass of Cement, gN 480S 510M 540C91/C91M 18316.2.2 The rem
39、ainder of the testing procedure shall conform to Test Method C109/C109M.17. Water Retention17.1 Water retention shall be determined in accordance with the procedures in Test Method C1506.18. Storage18.1 The cement shall be stored in such a manner as to permit easy access for the proper inspection an
40、d identification of eachshipment, and in a suitable weathertight building that will protect the cement from dampness and minimize warehouse set.19. Inspection19.1 Every facility shall be provided to the purchaser for the necessary inspection and sampling.19.2 All packages shall be in good condition
41、at the time of inspection.20. Rejection20.1 At the option of the purchaser, the cement shall be rejected if it fails to meet any of the requirements of this specification.20.2 At the option of the purchaser, packages more than 2 % below the mass marked thereon shall be rejected. At the optionof the
42、purchaser, the entire shipment represented shall be rejected if the average mass of packages in any shipment as shown byweighing fifty packages taken at random is less than that marked on the packages.20.3 At the option of the purchaser, cement remaining in storage prior to shipment for a period gre
43、ater than six months aftertesting shall be retested and, at the option of the purchaser shall be rejected if it fails to meet any of the requirements of thisspecification.21. Manufacturers Certification21.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, a manufacturers report shall be furni
44、shed at the time of shipmentstating the results of the tests made on samples of the material taken during production or transfer and certifying that the applicablerequirements of this specification have been met.22. Packaging and Package Marking22.1 When masonry cement is delivered in packages, the
45、brand, name of the manufacturer, type of masonry cement, and netmass of the package in kilograms shall be indicated plainly thereon. Similar information shall be provided in the shippingdocuments accompanying the shipment of masonry cement in bulk.23. Keywords23.1 masonry; masonry cement; mortarASTM
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