1、Designation: D 1055 04Used in USDOE-NE StandardsStandard Specifications forFlexible Cellular MaterialsLatex Foam1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1055; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o
2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 These specifications,2including t
3、est methods, apply toflexible cellular rubber products known as latex foam rubbersbut do not apply to sponge and expanded rubbers. The basematerial used in their manufacture shall be natural rubber,reclaimed rubber, synthetic rubber, alone or in combination.1.2 In case of conflict between the provis
4、ions of thesegeneral specifications and those of detailed specifications ortest methods for a particular product, the latter shall takeprecedence. Reference to methods for testing cellular rubberproducts should specifically state the particular test or testsdesired.1.3 The values stated in SI units
5、are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in brackets are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and
6、determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 454 Test Method for RubberDeterioration by Heat andAir PressureD 572 Test Method for RubberDeterioration by Heat andOxygenD 573 Test Me
7、thod for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD 1056 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSponge or Expanded RubberD 3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, andProcedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-ing Standard Vulcanized SheetsD 3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces
8、for TestPurposes from Products3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 flexible cellular rubbera cellular organic polymericmaterial that will not rupture within 60 s when a specimen 200by 25 by 25 mm is bent around a 25-mm diameter mandrel ata uniform rate to produce 1
9、lap in5sintheform of a helix ata temperature between 18 and 29C.3.1.2 rubberthe term rubber is used to include bothnatural and synthetic types.3.1.3 skinthe smooth surface of the latex foam rubberproduct, formed by contact with the mold or cover plates, isdefined as a natural skin.4. Materials and M
10、anufacture4.1 Latex Foam RubbersThe structure of latex foamrubbers consists of a network of open or interconnecting cells.Latex foam rubbers are made from rubber latices or liquidrubbers. They are manufactured in sheet, strip, molded, orspecific shapes. Latex foam rubbers shall have a vulcanizedcell
11、ular structure with a porous surface. The cells shall beinterconnecting and of a uniform character. Latex foam rubbersshall be either cored or solid. Size, shape, and distribution ofcoring shall be at the producers option but subject to theapproval of the purchaser.5. Grades of Latex Foam Rubbers5.1
12、 Latex foam rubbers shall have their grade numbersdesignated by two letters which identify the kind of latex foamrubber as follows:RCLatex foam rubbers, cored, andRULatex foam rubbers, uncored.Digits following the letters are used to indicate the degree offirmness, the softer grades being identified
13、 with the lowernumbers and the firmer grades with the higher numbers (seeTable 1).1These specifications are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularPlastics.Current edition approved November 1, 2004. Published Novemb
14、er 2004.Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 1055 -97.2These specifications together with Specification D 1056 replace the formerTentative Methods of Testing Cellular Rubber Products (D 552 46a T) and theTentative Specifications for Cellular Rubber Products (D 798
15、 46a T), which wereaccordingly discontinued in 1949.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summa
16、ry of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Suffx Letters shall be added singly or in combinationafter any grade number to indicate additional requirementsbeyond those
17、specified in Table 1 as basic requirements. Thesignificance of the approved suffix letters is as follows:SIGNIFICANCE OF SUFFIX LETTERSSuffix LettersCWeather ResistanceADLoad DeflectionAEOil ResistanceANote that there are no requirements for oil resistance inthese specifications.F1Low-Temperature Br
18、ittleness at 40C 40F Required with valuesas specified in Table 1F2Low-Temperature Brittleness at 55C 67FAGTear ResistanceAHFlex Resistance Test required with values specified in Table 1JAbrasion ResistanceAKAdhesion ResistanceALWater ResistanceAMFlammability ResistanceAPNon-StainingARResilienceAZSpe
19、cial RequirementsAATest method and values to be arranged between the purchaser and thesupplier.NOTE 1Example: Grade RC 20 F1H denotes soft, cored latex foamrubber made from natural, reclaim synthetic, or a blend with a loaddeflection value of 89 6 18 N 20 6 4 lbf and requiring in addition to thebasi
20、c tests a low-temperature test at 40C 40F and a flexing test.6. Physical Properties6.1 The various grades of latex foam rubber shall conformto the requirements as to physical properties prescribed inTable 1, together with any additional requirements indicated.6.2 When subjected to the static fatigue
21、 test the latex foamspecimen shall show no cracking at the folded edge.7. Tolerances on Dimensions7.1 Tolerances on dimensions of latex foam rubber productsare given in Table 2 and Table 3.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Latex foam rubbers furnished under these specificationsshall be manuf
22、actured from natural rubber, synthetic rubber,together with added compounding ingredients of such natureand quality that the finished product complies with the speci-fication requirements. In permitting choice in use of thosematerials by the producer, it is not intended to imply that thedifferent ru
23、bber materials are equivalent in respect to allphysical properties.Any special characteristics other than thoseprescribed in these specifications which are desired for specificapplications shall be specified in the products specifications, asthey can influence the choice of the type of rubber materi
24、als orother ingredients used.All materials and workmanship shall bein accordance with good commercial practice, and the resultingcellular rubber shall be free of defects affecting serviceability.8.2 Due to manufacturing conditions, material may have tobe altered or repaired. This repaired or altered
25、 material will beacceptable under these specifications provided the materialused in such repairs or alterations shall be the same composi-tion and quality as the original product and provided suchalterations do not affect the serviceability, size, and shapebeyond tolerances as provided herein.TABLE
26、1 Physical Requirements of Latex Foam RubbersBasic RequirementsRequirements Added by SuffixLettersGradeNumberIndentation Value on 325 cm250 in.2, 25 % Deflection(Limits)Air Oven Aged 22 hat 100C 212FChange from OriginalLoad-Deflection orIndentation Value(Limits), %Constant DeflectionCompression Set
27、22 h at70C 158F, 50 %Deflection, max, %Suffix F Suffix HLowTemperatureTest, Changefrom OriginalDeflection,max, %Flexing TestCompression Set,max, %Nlbf ChACdAChACdALatex Foam Rubbers (Cored)RC 5 22613 563 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 10 44613 1063 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 15 67618 1564 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 20 89618
28、 2064 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 25 111622 2565 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 30 133627 3066 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 40 178631 4067 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 50 222636 5068 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 60 267640 6069 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 70 311653 70612 620 10 20 75 5 10RC 90 400662 90614 620 10 20 75 5 10Latex Foam Rubbers (Uncored)RU
29、 11 49618 1164 620 10 20 75 5 10RU 20 89622 2065 620 10 20 75 5 10RU 35 156644 35610 620 10 20 75 5 10RU 55 245644 55610 620 10 20 75 5 10RU 80 356667 80615 620 10 20 75 5 10RU 150 6676245 150655 620 10 20 75 5 10AAs defined in Section 19.D10550428.3 Unless otherwise specified, the color of latex fo
30、amrubbers shall be optional with the manufacturer.9. Sampling9.1 When possible, the completed manufactured productshall be used for the tests specified. Representative samples ofthe lot being examined shall be selected at random as required.9.2 When it is necessary or advisable to obtain test speci-
31、mens from the article, as in those cases where the entire sampleis not required or adaptable for testing, the method of cuttingand the exact position from which specimens are to be takenshall be specified. The apparent density and the state of curecan vary in different parts of the finished product,
32、 moreespecially if the article is of complicated shape or of varyingthickness. These factors affect the physical properties of thespecimens.Also, the apparent density is affected by the numberof cut surfaces as opposed to the number of skin-coveredsurfaces on the test specimen.9.3 When the finished
33、product does not lend itself to testingor to the taking of test specimens because of complicated shapeTABLE 2 Tolerances on Dimensions of Latex Foam Rubber Products for General ApplicationsDimensionToleranceDimensionTolerance+ +Thickness, mm Thickness, in.Cored Cored0 to 76, incl 3 2 0 to 3, incl181
34、1676 to 127, incl 5 3 3 to 5, incl31618127 and over 6 5 5 and over14316Uncored UncoredUp to and including 12.7 2 2 Up to and including12116116From 12.7 to 25.4, incl 3 2 From12 to 1, incl18116Over 25.4 3 5 Over 118316Length and Width, mm Length and Width, in.Cored Cored0 to 152, incl 5 2 0 to 6, inc
35、l316116152 to 305, incl 10 3 6 to 12, incl1218305 to 610, incl 13 6 12 to 24, incl1214610 to 914, incl 16 10 24 to 36, incl5838914 to 1219, incl 19 13 36 to 48, incl34121219 to 1524, incl 22 16 48 to 60, incl78581524 to 1829, incl 25 19 60 to 72, incl 1341829 and over 29 22 72 and over 11878Uncored
36、Uncored0 to 152, incl 8 2 0 to 6, incl516116152 to 305, incl 13 3 6 to 12, incl1218305 to 610, incl 18 6 12 to 24, incl111614610 to 914, incl 22 10 24 to 36, incl7838914 to 1219, incl 29 13 36 to 48, incl 1116121219 to 1524, incl 35 16 48 to 60, incl 114581524 to 1829, incl 38 19 60 to 72, incl 1383
37、41829 and over 41 22 72 and over 11278TABLE 3 Tolerances for Special Applications of Latex Foam Rubbers, Such as Automotive Topper Pads, Spring Coverings, etc.DimensionToleranceDimensionTolerance+ +Thickness, mm Thickness, in.Cored Cored0 to 76, incl 5 2 0 to 3, incl31611676 to 127, incl 6 3 3 to 5,
38、 incl1418127 and over 8 5 5 and over516316Uncored UncoredUp to and including 12.7 2 2 Up to and including12116116From 12.7 to 25.4, incl 3 2 From12 to 1, incl18116Over 25.4 3 3 Over 11818Length and Width, mm Length and Width, in.Cored and Uncored Cored and Uncored0 to 152, incl 8 2 0 to 6, incl51611
39、6152 to 305, incl 13 3 6 to 12, incl1218305 to 610, incl 18 6 12 to 24, incl111614610 to 914, incl 22 10 24 to 36, incl7838914 to 1219, incl 29 13 36 to 48, incl 118121219 to 1524, incl 35 16 48 to 60, incl 138581524 to 1829, incl 38 19 60 to 72, incl 112341829 and over 41 22 72 and over 15878D10550
40、43or other reasons, the manufacturer and the purchaser shallagree on the preparation of a suitable test specimen. Whendifferences due to the difficulty in obtaining suitable testspecimens from the finished part arise, the manufacturer andthe purchaser shall agree on acceptable deviations. This can b
41、edone by comparing results of standard test specimens and thoseobtained on actual parts.10. Test Methods10.1 Unless specifically stated otherwise all tests shall bemade in accordance with the methods specified in Sections15-31, which include test procedures for the following:Procedures SectionsBasic
42、 tests:Air oven test 15 and 16Constant deflection compression set 17-19Indentation load deflection test 20-23Suffix tests:HFlexing test 24-26FLow-temperature test 27-30Static fatigue test 3111. General Methods11.1 Except as otherwise specified in these methods oftesting latex foam rubbers, the follo
43、wing test methods of theAmerican Society for Testing and Materials, applicable ingeneral to vulcanized rubber, shall be complied with asrequired and are hereby made a part of these test methods.11.1.1 General Physical Test RequirementsPracticesD 3182 and D 318311.1.2 Aging TestTest Methods D 572, D
44、573, and D 454.11.1.3 Compression Set, Suffx BTest Methods D 395,Method B.11.1.4 Low-Temperature Test, Suffxes F1 and F2Methoddescribed in Sections 27-30 of these specifications.11.2 In case of conflict between provisions of the abovemethods and the procedures herein specifically described forlatex
45、foam rubbers, the latter shall take precedence. In case ofconflict between the procedures herein described for latex foamrubbers and the methods of a particular specification or for aparticular latex foam rubber product, the latter shall takeprecedence.12. Measurements of Test Specimens12.1 The leng
46、th and width shall be measured with a steelscale or tape. Care shall be taken not to distort the latex foam.12.2 Thicknesses up to and including 25 mm 1 in. shall bemeasured using a dial-type gage4having a foot minimum of 25mm 1 in. in diameter, taking care not to compress the sample.Thicknesses ove
47、r 25 mm shall be measured using a slidingcaliper gage or as specified in 12.1.When a sliding caliper gageis employed, the gage setting shall be made with the gage outof contact with the latex foam rubber. The sample shall bepassed through the previously set gage and the proper settingshall be the on
48、e when the measured faces of the gage contactthe surfaces of the article without compressing it.12.3 The steel scale or tape used to measure length or widthshall be graduated to 1 mm 132 in. The dial gage formeasuring thickness shall be graduated to 0.02 mm 0.001 in.The calipers used for measuring t
49、hickness shall be graduated to0.1 mm 0.005 in.12.4 Results reported shall be the average of a minimum ofthree measurements.13. Inspection and Rejection13.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place ofmanufacture prior to shipment unless otherwise specified. Themanufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities,without charge, for tests and inspection.13.2 The purchaser reserves the right to make t
