1、Designation: D 1199 86 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Specification forCalcium Carbonate Pigments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers two types of high-contentcal
3、cium carbonate pigments, as follows:1.1.1 Type PCCalcium carbonate precipitate, preparedeither by complete solution or by carbonation of lime.1.1.2 Type GCGround mineral product.1.2 Six grades of pigments, based on particle size (see 3.3)are covered.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regard
4、ed as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime2D 280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and OtherMatter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pi
5、gments3D 281 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments bySpatula Rub-out4D 718 Test Methods for Analysis of Aluminum SilicatePigment3D 1366 Practice for Reporting Particle Size Characteristicsof Pigments3D 3360 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution by Hy-drometer of the Common White Extender P
6、igments3E97 Test Method for Directional Reflectance Factor, 45-deg 0-deg, of Opaque Specimens by Broad-Band FilterReflectometry53. Composition and Properties3.1 The pigment may be prepared by chemical precipitationor by the fine grinding of natural calcium carbonate containingminerals. If additional
7、 agents are used or any surface treatmentis given, their purpose shall be indicated; acceptance shall be asagreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.3.2 CompositionThe pigment shall conform to the re-quirements for composition prescribed in Table 1.3.3 FinenessThe pigment shall conform to the foll
8、owinggeneral requirements for fineness for the grade specified:3.3.1 Grade I (Fine Paint Grade)This grade possessessubstantial amounts of material in the fine sizes, and is ingeneral essentially below 15 to 20 m maximum size. Coarseparticles retained on the No. 325 (45-m) sieve shall be lessthan 0.0
9、5 %. The maximum Specific Surface Diameter (SSD)shall be 2.5 m.3.3.2 Grade II (Coarse Paint Grade)This grade is char-acterized by substantial amounts in the 5- to 45-m range, andis lower in pigment value than Grade I. Coarse particlesretained on the No. 325 (45-m) sieve shall be less than 0.5 %.The
10、maximum SSD shall be 6 m.3.3.3 Grade III (Filler Grade)This grade is characterizedby substantial amounts in the 10- to 45-m range but with thecoarse particles retained on No. 325 (45-m) sieve less than25 % and a maximum SSD of 9 m.3.3.4 Grade IV (Putty Powder Grade)This grade pos-sesses less fines,
11、and have substantial amounts of coarseparticles. The coarse particles, however, shall not exceed 30 %retained on the No. 200 (75-m) sieve. The maximum SSDshall be 12 m.3.3.5 Grade V (Superfine Grade)This grade is a super-fine ground natural limestone and is characterized by majoramounts less than 5
12、m and a weight median particle size in therange of 1 m. The SSD is finer than 1 m.3.3.5.1 Particle size methods for Grade V that are applicableinclude transmission electron microscopy, scanning electronmicroscopy, and the Sedigraph.6Specific Surface Diameter canbe determined by BET nitrogen absorpti
13、on. The method ofmeasurement produces different values, therefore, the methodof measurement shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and theseller.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibili
14、ty ofSubcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published October 2003. Originallyapproved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 1986 as D 1199 86 (1999).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.4Annual Book of
15、 ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.5Discontinued; See 1992 Annual Book of ASTM Standards , Vol 06.01.6The sole source of supply of the sedigraph known to the committee at this timeis Micromeritics, 5680 Goshen Springs Rd., Norcross, GA 30093. If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this inf
16、ormation to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.3.6 Grade VI (Ult
17、rafine Grade)This grade is an ul-trafine precipitated calcium carbonate and is characterized bymajor amounts less than 2 m and a median particle diameterdetermined by electron microscopy in the range of 0.05 m.3.3.6.1 Particle size methods for Grade VI that are appli-cable include transmission elect
18、ron microscopy and scanningelectron microscopy. The Sedigraph will give weight medianparticle size values approximately 10 times greater (;0.5 m)than by microscopy. Since the method of measurement pro-duces different values, the method of measurement shall beagreed upon by the purchaser and the sell
19、er.3.3.7 When closer control within a grade is required, thefineness requirements shall be as agreed upon by the purchaserand the seller.3.4 Dry Brightness or Dispersed Color The dry bright-ness or dispersed color shall be equal, within agreed upontolerances, to that of a reference sample agreed upo
20、n by thepurchaser and the seller.3.5 Oil AbsorptionOil absorption values shall be asagreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.4. Sampling4.1 Two samples, each more than 1 lb (0.45 kg) shall betaken at random from different packages from each lot, batch,days pack, or other unit of production in a s
21、hipment. When nomarkings distinguishing between units of production appear,samples shall be taken from different packages in the ratio oftwo samples for each 5000 kg (10 000 lb), except that forshipments of less than 10 000 lb two samples shall be taken.Atthe option of the purchaser, the samples may
22、 be testedseparately, or after blending, in equal quantities, the samplesfrom the same production unit forming a composite sample.Before testing, each of the samples shall be split, and one halfof each may be sealed for referee testing.5. Test Methods5.1 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with t
23、he follow-ingASTM test methods. Test procedures not covered byASTMtest methods shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and theseller.5.2 Calcium and Magnesium Reported as CarbonateTestMethods C25.5.3 Moisture and Other Volatile Matter Method A of TestMethods D 280.5.4 Oil AbsorptionTest Method D 281.5
24、.5 Coarse ParticlesTest Methods D 718.5.6 Dispersed ColorTest Methods D 718, substituting thereference and test samples of calcium carbonate pigment forthe standard extender pigment and sample respectively.5.7 Specific Surface DiameterPractice D 1366.75.8 Dry BrightnessThe test sample and reference
25、sampleshall be prepared into suitable smooth, dry, packed surfaces inaccordance with accepted practice and tested for reflectanceusing the green filter in accordance with Test Method E97.5.9 Particle SizeTest Method D 3360 is applicable only toGrades I, II, III, and IV.NOTE 1See 3.3.5 for other acce
26、ptable methods.6. Keywords6.1 calcium carbonateASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,
27、and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revi
28、sion of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you
29、shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be o
30、btained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).7The sole source of supply of the sub-sieve sizer known to the committee at thistime is Fisher Manufacturer. If you are aware of alter
31、native suppliers, please providethis information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.TABLE 1 Composition of Calcium Carbonate PigmentsType PC Type GCMoisture and other volatile matter, max, % 0.7 0.2Calcium reported as carbonate, moisture-free,min, %96.5A.Total calcium and magnesium reported ascarbonates, moisture-free, min, %. 94Magnesium as carbonate, max, % . .ADoes not apply to specialty calcium carbonate.D 1199 86 (2003)2
