1、Designation: D 1248 05Standard Specification forPolyethylene Plastics Extrusion Materials for Wire andCable1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1248; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification provides for the identification ofpolyethylene plastics extrusion materials for wire and cable insuc
3、h a manner that the seller and the purchaser can agree on theacceptability of different commercial lots or shipments. Thetests involved in this specification are intended to provideinformation for identifying materials according to the types,classes, categories, and grades covered. It is not the fun
4、ction ofthis specification to provide specific engineering data fordesign purposes.1.2 This specification does not allow for the use of recycledplastics (see Note 3).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest m
5、ethod portion, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulator
6、y limita-tions prior to use.NOTE 1No ISO equivalent.NOTE 2This standard has undergone major revision from the reap-proval of 1989 and now covers only polyethylene for wire and cableapplications. For information regarding molding and extrusion materials,see Specification D 4976. For information regar
7、ding plastic pipe materi-als, see Specification D 3350.NOTE 3See Guide D 5033 for information and definitions related torecycled plastics.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 150 Test Methods for A-C Loss Characteristics andPermittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insu-lationD
8、257 Test Methods for D-C Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 746 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plasticsand Elastomers by ImpactD 792 Test Methods for Specific Gravity (R
9、elative Density)and Density of Plastics by DisplacementD 1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD 1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD 1531 Test Method for Relative Permittivity (DielectricConstant) and Dissipation Factor
10、by Fluid DisplacementProcedureD 1603 Test Method for Carbon Black in Olefin PlasticsD 1693 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking ofEthylene PlasticsD 1898 Practice for Sampling of PlasticsD 2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor ApplicationsD 2633 Test Methods
11、 for Thermoplastic Insulations andJackets for Wire and CableD 2839 Test Method for Use of a Melt Index Strand forDetermining Density of PolyethyleneD 2951 Test Method for Resistance of Types III and IVPolyethylene Plastics to Thermal Stress-CrackingD 3182 Practice for Rubber-Materials, Equipment, an
12、d Pro-cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and PreparingStandard Vulcanized SheetsD 3349 Test Method for Absorption Coefficient of EthylenePolymer Pigmented with Carbon BlackD 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe andFittings MaterialsD 3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of
13、SolidElectrical Insulating MaterialsD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4329 Practice for Fluorescent UV Exposure of Plastics1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials
14、.Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 1248 - 04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards
15、volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 4703 Practice for Compression Mol
16、ding ThermoplasticMaterials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or SheetsD 4976 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding andExtrusion MaterialsD 5033 Guide for the Development of ASTM StandardsRelating to Recycling and Use of Recycled PlasticsE 1131 Test Method for Compositional Analysis by Ther-mo
17、gravimetryG 151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac-celerated Test Devices That Use Laboratory Light SourcesG 153 Practice for Operating Enclosed Carbon-Arc LightApparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG 154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatusfor UV Exposure of No
18、nmetallic MaterialsG 155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatusfor Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials2.2 Federal Specification:3L-P-390 Plastic, Molding, and Extrusion Materials, Poly-ethylene and Copolymers (Low, Medium, and High Den-sity)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to
19、This Standard:3.1.1 polyethylene plastics, nplastics or resins preparedby the polymerization of no less than 50 % ethylene and no lessthan 95 weight % of total olefins.3.2 Historical usage and user group conventions have re-sulted in inconsistent terminology used to categorize anddescribe polyethyle
20、ne resins and compounds. The followingterminology is in use in ASTM specifications pertaining topolyethylene:3.2.1 Specification D 1248:3.2.1.1 Type (0, I, II, III, IV) = density ranges (same,respectively, as Class in Specification D 4976).3.2.1.2 Class (A, B, C, D) = composition and use.3.2.1.3 Cat
21、egory (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) = melt index ranges (same asGrade in Specification D 4976).3.2.1.4 Grade (E, J, D, or W followed by one or two digits)= specific requirements from tables.3.2.2 Specification D 3350:3.2.2.1 Type (I, II, III) = density ranges (same as Types I, II,and III in Specification D 1248 a
22、nd Classes 1, 2, and 3 inSpecification D 4976).3.2.2.2 Class = a line callout system consisting of “PE”followed by six cell numbers from Table 1 plus a letter (A, B,C, D, E) denoting color and UV stabilizer.3.2.2.3 Grade = simplified line callout system using “PE”followed by density and slow crack g
23、rowth cell numbers fromTable 1.3.2.3 Specification D 4976:3.2.3.1 Group (1, 2) = branched or linear polyethylene.3.2.3.2 Class (5, 1, 2, 3, 4) = density ranges (same,respectively, as Type in Specification D 1248).3.2.3.3 Grade (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) = melt index ranges (same asCategory in Specification D 1
24、248).4. Classification4.1 This specification recognizes that polyethylene plasticsare identified primarily on the basis of two characteristics,namely, density and flow rate (previously identified as meltindex). The former is the criterion for assignment as to type,the latter for designation as to ca
25、tegory. Other attributesimportant to the user for certain applications are covered bythree general classes and by specifying in greater detail, bygrades, a minimum number of key characteristics covered toobroadly or not at all by the type, class, and category designa-tions.4.1.1 Types:4.1.1.1 This s
26、pecification provides for the identification offive types of polyethylene plastics extrusion materials for wireand cable by density in accordance with 10.1 and 12.1.1 andthe requirements prescribed in Table 1 and Note 4, Note 5, andNote 10.NOTE 4It is recognized that some high-density polyethylene p
27、lasticsof very high molecular weight may have densities slightly less than 0.960yet in all other respects they are characteristic of Type IV materials.Similarly, there are other polyethylene plastics of very high molecularweight having densities slightly less than 0.941 which in all other respectsar
28、e more characteristic of Type III than of Type II materials.NOTE 5While the original Type III now has been divided into tworanges of density (Types III and IV), both are still described by the termhigh density.4.1.1.2 Material supplied under these types shall be of suchnominal density, within the ra
29、nges given, as agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser subject to thetolerances specified in 4.1.1.3 (Note 10).4.1.1.3 In view of production, sampling, and testing vari-ables, a commercial lot or shipment for which a nominaldensity has been agreed upon between the seller and thepurchas
30、er shall be considered as conforming and commerciallyacceptable when the density value found on a sample from thelot or shipment falls within the tolerance range of 60.004 ofthe nominal value.4.1.1.4 If the nominal value is unknown or unspecified,classification shall be based on the tested value wit
31、houttolerance consideration.4.1.2 ClassesEach of the five types is subdivided intofour classes according to composition and use as follows:4.1.2.1 Class ANatural color only, without any or withsuch antioxidant or other additives in such proportions asagreed upon between the seller and the purchaser.
32、4.1.2.2 Class BColors including white and black, withoutany or with such antioxidant or other additives in suchproportions as agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.3Available from DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia,PA 19111-5098.TABLE 1 Classification of Polye
33、thylene Plastics ExtrusionMaterials for Wire and Cable According to TypeType Nominal Density,Ag/cm30 0.925 to 0.940III 0.940 to 0.960IV 0.960AUncolored, unfilled material (see Note 10).D12480524.1.2.3 Class CBlack (weather-resistant), containing notless than 2 % carbon black of a kind and particle s
34、ize (Note 6),dispersed by such means and to such degree, all as may beagreed upon between the seller and the purchaser; without anyor with such antioxidant or other additives in such proportionsas agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser.NOTE 6Carbon black 35 nm or less in average particle d
35、iameter isused as required in black electrical and jacketing materials (Grades E andJ) to impart maximum weather resistance.4.1.2.4 Class DColored (UV resistant), including blackand white, with antioxidant and UV stabilizers to allowelectrical insulation and jackets to meet the requirementsoutlined
36、in 12.1.12.(WarningThe expected service lifetimeof Class D materials is very dependent upon the specificmaterial formulation including selected colorants. Contact yoursupplier for additional information regarding this issue.)4.1.3 Categories:4.1.3.1 The four classes of each type are divided into fiv
37、ecategories on the basis of broad ranges of flow rate inaccordance with the requirements prescribed in Table 2.NOTE 7Some Type II and Type III polyethylene plastics of very highmolecular weight cannot be categorized by flow rate. Solution viscosity isrecommended as a means of distinguishing such mat
38、erials.4.1.3.2 Material supplied under these categories shall be ofsuch nominal flow rate, within the ranges given, as agreed uponbetween the seller and the purchaser subject to the tolerancesspecified in 4.1.3.3.4.1.3.3 In view of production, sampling, and testing vari-ables, a commercial lot or sh
39、ipment for which a nominal flowrate has been agreed upon between the seller and the purchasershall be considered as conforming and commercially accept-able when the flow rate value found on a sample from the lotor shipment falls within the tolerance range of 620 % of thenominal flow rate.4.1.3.4 If
40、the nominal value is unknown or unspecified,classification shall be based on the tested value withouttolerance consideration.4.1.4 Grades:4.1.4.1 If further definition is necessary, one of the gradesgiven in Tables 3-5 shall be selected.NOTE 8Tables 4 and 5, are included to correspond with the grade
41、sspecified in Federal Specification L-P-390.NOTE 9The grade shall be associated with the appropriate type, class,and category designations; for example, IA5-E4 or IC5-J3 as required.Other grades may be added as necessary by revision of this specificationin established manner. Also, it is anticipated
42、 that additional requirementsmay be added under a given grade designation by future revision toprovide more meaningful characterization of the material covered by suchdesignation.4.1.4.2 Instead of such selection, additional requirementsspecific to the application may be specified by the purchaserwi
43、th the agreement of the seller.5. Basis of Purchase5.1 The purchase order or inquiry for these materials shallstate the specification number, type, class, category, and, ifneeded, the appropriate grade, for example, D1248IA5-E4.5.2 Further definition may be agreed upon between theseller and the purc
44、haser as follows:5.2.1 Nominal density.NOTE 10For Class B, Class C, and Class D material, the nominaldensity of the base resin will be identified by the manufacturer uponrequest.5.2.2 Nominal flow rate.5.2.3 Antioxidant(s) or Other Additive(s) and Proportions:5.2.3.1 Class AAs stated in 4.1.2.1,5.2.
45、3.2 Class BAs stated in 4.1.2.2,5.2.3.3 Class CAs stated in 4.1.2.3, and5.2.3.4 Class DAs stated in 4.1.2.4.5.2.4 Contamination level (see 6.2).5.2.5 Other supplementary definition, unless grade is suffi-cient and is identified (see 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2).5.3 Inspection (see 13.1).6. Materials and Man
46、ufacture6.1 The extrusion material for wire and cable shall bepolyethylene plastic in the form of powder, granules, or pellets.6.2 The extrusion materials for wire and cable shall be asuniform in composition and size and as free of contaminationas can be achieved by good manufacturing practice. If n
47、eces-sary, level of contamination may be agreed upon between theseller and the purchaser.6.3 Unless controlled by requirements specified elsewhere(see 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2), the color and translucence of extrudedpieces formed under conditions recommended by the manu-facturer of the material, shall be
48、 comparable within commer-cial match tolerances to the color and translucence of standardmolded or extruded samples of the same thickness supplied inadvance by the manufacturer of the material.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Test specimens of the material prepared as specified in10.1, and tested in acco
49、rdance with 12.1, shall conform to therequirements prescribed by the material designation for type inTable 1, for class in 4.1.2, for category in Table 2, and for gradein Tables 3-5.8. Sampling8.1 A batch or lot shall be considered as a unit of manufac-ture and may consist of a blend of two or more production runsof material.8.2 Unless otherwise agreed between the seller and thepurchaser, the material shall be sampled in accordance with theprocedure described in Practice D 1898. Adequate statisticalsampling prior to packaging shall be considered an acceptablealtern
