1、Designation: D 1743 05ae1An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDetermining Corrosion Preventive Properties of LubricatingGreases1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1743; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1NOTEEditorial
3、ly replaced Stoddard solvent with mineral spirits in the test method to match approved change to 7.5 inDecember 2005.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corro-sion preventive properties of greases using grease-lubricatedtapered roller bearings stored under wet conditions. T
4、his testmethod is based on CRC Technique L 412that shows correla-tions between laboratory results and service for grease lubri-cated aircraft wheel bearings.1.2 Apparatus DimensionsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given inparentheses are mathematical c
5、onversions to SI units that areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 All Other ValuesThe values stated in SI units are to beregarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses arefor information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety con
6、cerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents32.1 ASTM Standards:D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
7、3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 corrosion, nthe chemical or electrochemical reac-tion between a material, usually a metal, and its environmentthat produces a deterioration of the material and its properties.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn this test method, corrosion is ma
8、ni-fested by red rust or black stains on the bearing race. Stains,through which the underlying metal surface is still visible, arenot considered corrosion in Test Method D 1743 and shall beignored.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 New, cleaned, and lubricated bearings are run under alight thrust load for
9、 60 6 3 s to distribute the lubricant in apattern that might be found in service. The bearings areexposed to water, then stored for 48 6 0.5hat526 1C (1256 2F) and 100 % relative humidity. After cleaning, thebearing cups are examined for evidence of corrosion.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test met
10、hod differentiates the relative corrosion-preventive capabilities of lubricating greases under the condi-tions of the test.6. Apparatus6.1 BearingsTimken bearing cone and roller assemblyLM11949, and cup LM11910.4,56.2 Motor, 1750 6 50-rpm speed,115 hp (min).6.3 Bearing Holder, consists of a 1 6 0.10
11、 kg weight, upperand lower plastic collars for the bearing cone (Parts A and B),a metal screw, and a plastic collar for the cup (Part C). (See Fig.1.)6.4 Plastic Test Jar, as shown in Fig. 2.6.5 Run-in Stand, as shown in Fig. 3.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetr
12、oleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.G0 on Lubricating Grease.Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published July 2005. Originally approvedin 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 174305.2“Research Technique for Determining Rust-Preventive P
13、roperties of Lubricat-ing Greases in the Presence of Free Water,” L-41-957, undated, CoordinatingResearch Council, Inc., 219 Perimeter Center Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30346.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua
14、l Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis The Timken Co., Canton, OH 44706.5If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information t
15、oASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
16、hohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.6 Spindle/Thrust Loading Device, as shown in Fig. 4. (SeeTable 1 for metric equivalents.)6.7 Mechanical Grease Packer, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig.6.6.8 Pliers,5,6as shown in Fig. 7.6.9 Syringe, of at least 100-mL volume and with a needle ofat least 16 gage an
17、d a minimum length of 100 mm (4 in.).6.10 Timer, capable of measuring a 60 6 3-s interval.6The sole source of supply of the Waldes Truarc Plier No. 4 modified as in Fig.7 known to the committee at this time is TRUARC Company LLC, 70 East WillowStreet, Millburn, NJ 07041.KEY DESCRIPTION QUANTITY1PIST
18、ON 12 O RING 13 WEIGHT 14 UPPER FLANGE 15 LOWER FLANGE 1614 203 1-14 FILLISTER HD. MACH. SCREW S.S. 17 O RING 18 BEARING HOLDER 19 PLASTIC JAR 110 O RING 1FIG. 1 Bearing Holder AssemblyD 1743 05ae126.11 OvenA laboratory oven, essentially free of vibration,capable of maintaining 52 6 1C.7. Reagents7.
19、1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.7Other grades may b
20、eused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Specification D 1193, T
21、ype III.7.3 Isopropyl Alcohol. WarningFlammable.7.4 Solvent Rinse Solution of the following composition byvolume:7.4.1 Isopropyl Alcohol,90%.7.4.2 Distilled Water,9%.7.4.3 Ammonium Hydroxide,1%.WarningPoison.Causes burns. Vapor extremely irritating. Can be fatal ifswallowed. Harmful if inhaled.7.5 M
22、ineral Spirits, reagent grade, minimum purity.(WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful.)8. Standardization of Thrust Loading Device8.1 Pack a bearing, install it into the holder and place theassembly into a plastic jar as described in 10.1 through 10.4.Place the jar onto the base of the motor drive spindl
23、e and centerit under the indexing pin of the drive. Lower the drive until theO ring just contacts the 1-kg weight. Run the bottom nut of thedepth gage (see Fig. 3) down to the stop. Place a 3-mm spaceron top of this nut. Bring the top nut down to the spacer. Whileholding the top nut in position, rem
24、ove the spacer and run thebottom nut up and tighten it against the top nut. When the Oring is compressed against the 1-kg weight until the adjustmentnut hits the stop, there will be a 29-N load added, giving a totalload of 39 N on the bearing. (The loads described are providedby the forces of the sp
25、ring in the thrust loading spindle and sumof the 1-kg weight and spring, respectively. These loads areapproximate. The 1-kg weights should be within 0.010 kg oftheir stated values. The thrust loading spindle should becalibrated by some suitable method when it is first put intoservice, recalibrated p
26、eriodically, and replaced if its springdoes not provide sufficient force to spin the test bearingswithout slippage during the 60 s run to distribute the grease.)Examine the O ring periodically and replace it if it shows anycracks or other signs of deterioration.8.2 The thrust loading device should b
27、e standardized beforeuse, once per day if used daily, and again if there is reason tobelieve that the standardization has changed. The thrust load-ing device may be standardized using one of the greases to betested.9. Preparation of Bearings9.1 Examine the test bearings carefully and select onlybear
28、ings that have outer races (cups) and rollers entirely free ofcorrosion. During the bearing preparation handle the bearingswith tongs or rubber or plastic gloves. Do not touch bearingswith the fingers at any time.9.2 Wash the selected bearing thoroughly in hot (52 to66C) mineral spirits, reagent gra
29、de (WarningCombustible.Vapor harmful.) to remove the rust preventive. Wipe thebearing cone and cup with tissue moistened in hot solvent toremove any remaining residue. Rinse the bearing a second timein fresh, hot mineral spirits, reagent grade.NOTE 1The washing temperatures specified are considerabl
30、y abovethe flash point of the mineral spirits, reagent grade. Accordingly, thewashing operation should be carried out in a well-ventilated hood whereno flames or other ignition sources are present.9.3 Transfer the bearing from the mineral spirits, reagentgrade to the solvent rinse solution (WarningP
31、oison. Causesburns. Vapor extremely irritating. Can be fatal if swallowed.Harmful if inhaled.) to remove the mineral spirits, reagentgrade and any fingerprints that are present. Then rinse thebearing and slowly rotate in fresh hot (66 6 5C) solvent rinsesolution.NOTE 2Use fresh rinse solution to avo
32、id the selective evaporation ofthe components at the rinse temperature.9.4 Remove the bearing from the solvent rinse solution andplace on filter paper to drain. After draining, dry the bearing inan oven at 70 6 5C for 15 to 30 min.7Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, America
33、nChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC),
34、 Rockville,MD.Test Jar SpecificationsInner Diameter Range: 3.113.31 in. (7984 mm)Inner Height Range: 3.54.0 in. (89102 mm)FIG. 2 Plastic Test JarD 1743 05ae13FIG. 3 Run-in Stand DrawingFIG. 4 Spindle/Thrust Loading DeviceTABLE 1 Metric Equivalents for Figs. 3 and 4Inches Millimetres132 0.7918 3.1853
35、2 3.97316 4.76532 7.14516 7.9438 9.53716 11.1112 12.701932 15.082132 16.6734 19.051 25.40118 28.581316 31.26114 31.7511132 34.131.495 37.971.500 38.101916 39.69114 44.451.785 45.3411516 49.211.946 49.432732 56.36214 57.1521132 59.533 76.20D 1743 05ae149.5 Permit the bearing to cool to room temperatu
36、re andreexamine surfaces to assure that corrosion-free and free-turning specimens have been selected. (Care should be takennot to spin the bearings after cleaning and drying.)9.6 Wash and dry the bearing packer using the sametechnique as for the preparation of the bearings.10. Procedure10.1 With the
37、 reservoir of grease packer resting on a cleanbench top, and while wearing gloves, place bearing cup withsmall diameter face down into the recess of the packer. Placethe bearing cone over the cup, and while holding the bearingassembly against the packer, lift and invert the whole unit andreturn it t
38、o the bench.10.2 Fill the reservoir with the grease sample, and use theplunger to force grease through the bearing. Carefully removethe plunger from the reservoir to avoid sucking air into thebearing, and slide the packer unit over the edge of the bench.While holding the bearing assembly in the pack
39、er, invert theunit to its original position on the bench.10.3 Using a small square-ended spatula, remove excessgrease from the bearing bore and the annulus between thegrease packer and outer perimeter of the bearing cup. Thebearing is removed from the packer by either use of the pliersor by placing
40、gloved index finger in the bore and lifting out.While holding the bearing, use the spatula to remove excessgrease above the cage on both sides of the bearing. Thisprocedure is done to ensure that approximately the samevolume of grease is used each time.10.4 Using Fig. 1 as a guide, hold the packed b
41、earingbetween gloved fingers with large inside diameter of cupdownward and insert the small diameter plastic flange on top ofthe bore, and the larger flange into the bottom of the bore. Slidethe bearing assembly onto the 1-kg weight so that the largediameter flange fits into the recess on the top of
42、 the weight.Insert the bolt through the assembly and screw the bolt tightlyinto the weight. Lower the plastic bearing holder (Part 8) overthe bearing (the large O ring faces upward). Press down theholder so that the bearing fits squarely into the holder.10.5 Invert a plastic jar over the bearing ass
43、embly. Slide thetwo components over the edge of the bench, and with fingerspressing the weight against the inner bottom of the jar, invertthe entire assembly.10.6 Place the jar onto the base of the motor driven spindleand center under the indexing pin of the drive. Start the motorand bring the drive
44、 into the center of the 1-kg weight and loaduntil the nut hits the depth stop. Run for 60 s, raise the drive,and allow the bearing to coast to a stop. Extreme care shouldbe taken not to break the contact between the races and rollersat this point and in the following steps.10.6.1 At no time during o
45、r after the 60 s run shall thegrease be redistributed or forced back into the bearing.10.7 Freshly boil the distilled water for 10 6 5 min toremove carbon dioxide and cool to 25 6 5C.10.8 Fill a clean syringe with 100 6 5 mL of distilled waterfrom 10.7. With the run-in bearing in the jar, simultaneo
46、uslystart a timer and begin adding the water into the hole providedfor this purpose in the bearing holder.Add the 100 mL of waterwithin 20 6 3 s. When the timer shows 50 6 3 s startwithdrawing the water. When the timer shows 60 6 3s,complete the withdrawal of 70 6 5 mL of water. Leave theremaining 3
47、0 6 5 mL of water in the jar. Make sure that waterdoes not touch the bearing after 70 6 5 mL is withdrawn. Itmay be difficult to withdraw 70 6 5 mL water in 10 s using a16 gage needle. A larger needle may be required.10.9 Screw the cap on the jar and transfer to a dark ovenessentially free from vibr
48、ation for 48 h at 52 6 1C.NOTETolerances are 0.003 in. unless specified otherwise.FIG. 5 Bearing Packer BrassD 1743 05ae1510.10 Prepare three bearings with each grease to be tested.Each group of three bearings is one test.11. Rating Procedure11.1 Remove the bearing from the test jar and place thebea
49、ring cup in a 50 + 50 mixture by volume of isopropylalcohol (WarningFlammable) and mineral spirits, reagentgrade (WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful). The solventmixture can be heated to facilitate the removal of the grease.Agitate vigorously to remove the grease. Repeat the rinsingusing fresh solvent mixture or gently wipe the bearing with aclean cloth or tissue to ensure that traces of grease areremoved.11.2 Transfer the bearing cup from the solvent and allow todry on clean filter paper.11.3 Examine the cup raceway for ev
