1、Designation: D1824 95 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forApparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at LowShear Rates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method cov
3、ers the measurement of plastisoland organosol viscosity at low shear rates.1.2 Apparent viscosity at high shear rates is covered in TestMethod D1823.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not
4、 purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1This test method resembles ISO 3219
5、-1977 in title only. Thecontent is significantly different.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1755 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) ResinsD1823 Test Method forApparent Viscosity of Plastisols andOrganosols at High Shear Rates by Extrusion ViscometerE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-
6、Glass ThermometersE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 3219-1977: Polymers in the Liquid, Emulsified, orDispersed StateDetermination of Viscosity With a Ro-tational Viscometer Working at a Defined Shear Rate33. Summary o
7、f Test Method3.1 The sample is conditioned to the proper temperature andits viscosity is determined.4. Significance and Use4.1 The suitability of a dispersion resin for any givenapplication process is dependent upon its viscosity character-istics.4.2 The viscosity defines the flow behavior of a plas
8、tisol ororganosol under low shear. This viscosity relates to theconditions encountered in pouring, casting, molding, anddipping processes.5. Apparatus5.1 Viscometer.45.2 Sample Containers, Tin Cans, or Glass Jars, 1-pt(500-mL) capacity. Minimum dimensions of containers shouldbe 80-mm (3.15-in.) insi
9、de diameter by 80 mm (3.15 in.) deep.5.3 Thermometer, ASTM Solvents Distillation Thermom-eter having a range from 2 to + 52C (28 to 126F) andconforming to the requirements for Thermometer 37C asprescribed in Specification E1.5.4 Timer.6. Conditioning6.1 Maintain the plastisol or organosol samples at
10、 23 6 1C(73 6 2F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity at all times aftermixing and throughout the period of viscosity determinations.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materi-als.Current edit
11、ion approved Dec. 15, 2010. Published March 2011. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1824 - 95(2002).DOI:10.1520/D1824-95R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book o
12、f ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Brookfield model RVF or LVF, or equivalent has been found satisfactory f
13、orthis purpose. Brookfield Engnrg. Labs, Inc., Stoughton, MA 02072.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Procedure7.1 Select a spindle that will read in the middle or upperportion of the viscometer dial at the highest ro
14、tational speed tobe used. Insert the spindle into the sample at approximately a45 angle. Withdraw the spindle and attach it to the viscometer.Taking care not to entrap an air bubble, lower the viscometer toimmerse the spindle near the edge of the sample. Move thesample so as to center the spindle. A
15、djust its depth to theimmersion mark.7.2 Start the viscometer at its lowest speed. Allow it to run2 min. Record the scale reading during the next rotation.Without stopping the viscometer, switch to the next higherspeed. Record the scale readings after 2 min at each speed inorder from the lowest to t
16、he highest speeds.7.3 Record the sample temperature at the conclusion ofviscosity readings.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the viscosity using the factors provided withthe viscometer.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Complete sample identification.9.1.2 Temperature of the sample.9.1.3
17、Viscometer model and spindle number used for test.9.1.4 Viscosity at each spindle speed used.9.1.5 Sample conditioning time.NOTE 2If only one viscosity is to be reported, record as the viscosity,the poises at 20 rpm for Model RVF, or at 60 rpm for Model LVF, togetherwith the aging period, viscometer
18、 model and spindle number, for example,“Viscosity, 20 rpm, 2-h aging, Model RVF, No. 6 spindle = X poises.” Inall cases when only one value is reported, the test shall be run at each ofthe speeds in the order indicated in the procedure.10. Precision and Bias510.1 Table 1 and Table 2 are based on a r
19、ound robinconducted in 1983 involving six PVC dispersion resins testedby five laboratories at 2 RPM and 20 RPM. For each resin, allthe samples were prepared at one source, but the individualplastisols were prepared according to Specification D1755 atthe laboratories which tested them. Each test resu
20、lt consisted ofone individual determination at the stated RPM. Each labora-tory obtained five test results for each resin at 2 RPM and 20RPM.NOTE 3Caution: The following explanations of r and R (10.2-10.2.3)are only intended to present a meaningful way of considering theapproximate precision of this
21、 test method. With data from only fivelaboratories, the between-laboratories results, in particular, should beviewed with extreme caution! The data in Table 1 through 4 should not berigorously applied to acceptance or rejection of material, as those data arespecific to the round robin and may not be
22、 representative of other lots,conditions, materials, or laboratories. Users of this test method shouldapply the principles outlined in the 1987 edition of Practice E691 togenerate data specific to their laboratory and materials, or between specificlaboratories. The principles of 10.2-10.2.3 would th
23、en be valid for suchdata.10.2 Concept of r and RIf Srand SRwere calculated froma large enough body of data, and for test results consisting ofone determination per test result:10.2.1 Repeatability Limit, rIn comparing two test resultsfor the same material, obtained by the same operator using thesame
24、 equipment on the same day, the two test results should bejudged not equivalent if they differ by more than the r value forthat material.10.2.2 Reproducibility Limit, RIn comparing two testresults for the same material, obtained by different operatorsusing different equipment in different laboratori
25、es on differentdays, the two test results should be judged not equivalent ifthey differ by more than the R value for that material.10.2.3 Any judgment in accordance with 10.2.1 or 10.2.2would have an approximate 95 % (0.95) probability of beingcorrect.10.3 There are no recognized standards by which
26、to esti-mate bias of this test method.11. Keywords11.1 apparent viscosity; low shear rate viscometry; PVCorganosol; PVC plastisol; rotational viscometer5Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters. Request RR: D20-1137.TABLE 2 Precision of Viscosity Data at 20 RPMAverageViscosityValues expr
27、essed as% of the AverageResin (Poises) nrAnRBrCRDV 24.72 8.5 12.1 23.8 34.0IV 38.36 3.9 12.8 10.9 35.8II 82.24 6.3 26.8 17.6 74.9I 92.52 6.9 14.5 19.3 40.6III 102.40 11.8 22.6 33.0 63.2VI 226.05 11.6 27.1 32.5 75.9Anris the within-laboratory coefficient of variation of the average.BnRis the between-
28、laboratories coefficient of variation of the average.Cr is the within-laboratory Repeatability Limit ( = 2.8 nr).DR is the between-laboratories Reproducibility Limit ( = 2.8 nR).TABLE 1 Precision of Viscosity Data at 2 RPMAverageViscosityValues expressed as% of the AverageResin (Poises) nrAnRBrCRDI
29、33.20 8.1 12.0 22.7 33.7IV 62.00 4.2 13.7 11.8 38.4II 141.76 8.2 31.0 23.0 86.7V 197.04 13.2 44.4 37.0 124.2III 265.36 18.6 35.9 52.1 100.6VI 607.68 23.6 45.1 66.1 126.3Anris the within-laboratory coefficient of variation of the average.BnRis the between-laboratories coefficient of variation of the
30、average.Cr is the within-laboratory Repeatability Limit ( = 2.8 nr).DR is the between-laboratories Reproducibility Limit ( = 2.8 nR).D1824 95 (2010)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users
31、 of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every f
32、ive years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical
33、 committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
34、PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D1824 95 (2010)3
