1、Designation: D2143 00 (Reapproved 2010)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forCyclic Pressure Strength of Reinforced, ThermosettingPlastic Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the failurecharacteristics
3、of reinforced plastic pipe when subjected tocyclic internal hydraulic pressure. It is limited to pipe in whichthe ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness is 10:1 or more.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are for informationonly
4、.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is
5、 no similar or equivalent ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-sign Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD3567 Practice for Det
6、ermining Dimensions of “Fiber-glass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipeand Fittings3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 failurethe transmission of the test fluid through thepipe wall in any manner, whether it be wall fracture, localizedleaking, or wee
7、ping at a distance greater than one diameterfrom the end closure (specimens failing within one diameter ofthe end closure shall be discarded).3.1.2 failure detectora devise that measures the electricalresistance between the test fluid and a conductive material,wrapped around the circumference of the
8、 test specimen, andwhich will indicate failure when 1) the resistance is lowered toa range from 10 to 20 meg-ohm or 2) for the case of municipalwater, when the first drop of fluid has passed through the wallof the specimen.3.1.3 localized leakingfailure that occurs as small frac-tures (one or more i
9、n a test specimen) that permit the test fluidto be transferred at a rate that is measured by the failuredetector.3.1.4 weepinga general transmission of the test fluidthrough the pipe, without visible fracture, at a sufficient rate tobe measured by the failure dectector, or in the case of largermagni
10、tudes of fluid transmission appear to be moisture con-densation on the specimen.3.1.5 wall fracturefailure by a break in the pipe wallcausing immediate loss of test fluid and continued loss atessentially no pressure.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of exposing pipe specimens to
11、cyclic internal pressures at several different pressure levels andmeasuring the cycles to failure at these different levels. Testtemperatures are obtained by circulating salt water or munici-pal water through the specimens.5. Significance and Use5.1 The values obtained by this test method are applic
12、ableonly to conditions that specifically duplicate the proceduresused.5.2 After the regression characteristics of a pipe materialand manufacturing process have been determined by this testmethod, one pressure may be used for quality-control purposes.This pressure shall be one of the points used in t
13、he originaldetermination and be agreed upon between the individualsconcerned.5.3 This test method deals with cyclic internal pressureperformance of a pipe and omits creep and nonrecoverabledeformation measurements.5.4 For determination of the cyclic hydrostatic design basisusing data from this test
14、method see Practice D2992.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced PlasticPiping Systems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published March 2011. Originallyapproved in
15、 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D2143 00(2005)1.DOI: 10.1520/D2143-00R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Sum
16、mary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.5 In the application of the following test requirements andrecommendations it is assumed that test specimens of a givensample of pipe are truly representa
17、tive of that material andmanufacturing process. In tests conducted to show the effect oftemperature and pressures on the life span of the pipe, greatcare must be taken to ensure that the specimens being tested arerepresentative of the group being studied. Departure from thisassumption could introduc
18、e discrepancies that are greater thanthose introduced by departure from the details of the procedureoutlined in this test method.6. Apparatus6.1 A schematic diagram of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 1and shall consist of the following:6.1.1 Pressurizing SystemA device capable of exertingcyclic inter
19、nal pressure of the salt water or municipal water tothe test specimens. Fig. 1 shows an oil pump leading to afour-way solenoid-operated valve which directs the fluid alter-nately to the two pressure legs, each of which contains aspring-operated, manually adjustable, pressure relief valve andan accum
20、ulator which acts as a fluid separator transferring thepressurizing medium to the salt solution or municipal water.The solenoid is operated with equal on and off times by anelectric pulsator.6.1.2 Test FluidThe test fluid shall be a 2 % aqueoussodium chloride solution when salt water or municipal wa
21、ter isused.6.1.3 Temperature BathAthermostatically controlled bathcoupled into the test fluid, which maintains specimen tempera-ture to within 65F (62C). The circulation of this fluid ispumped on the off portion of the pressure cycle.6.1.4 Pressure GagesPressure gages having a precision ofnot less t
22、han 1 % of full-scale deflection with a maximumindicating hand. The pressure gage shall be selected such thatthe final readings are in the mid-60 % range of the scale. Thegage should be equipped with a surge protection device.6.1.5 Specimen FittingsAny suitable closure that allowsfree end mounting,
23、and does not contribute to end failures maybe used.6.1.6 Specimen SupportAny support is acceptable as longas it does not contribute to the restraint of the specimen ineither the circumferential or axial direction.6.1.7 Cycle Counter and Failure Detector Each group ofspecimens shall be outfitted with
24、 a cyclic counter and a failuredetector which automatically stops the cyclic count when thespecimen has failed.7. Test Specimens7.1 Sample SizeSee Practice D2992.7.2 Specimen SizeThe inside and outside diameters of thespecimen shall be as fabricated, with the specimen lengthbetween the end closures
25、being a minimum of ten times theoutside diameter of the pipe.7.3 Measurement of DimensionsThe physical dimensionsof the pipe shall be measured in accordance with PracticeD3567.FIG. 1 Schematic Drawing of Cyclic Pressure ApparatusD2143 00 (2010)28. Conditioning8.1 Precondition all specimens in the st
26、andard laboratoryatmosphere as specified in Practice D618.8.2 The specimen shall be suitable for test when thetemperature of the test fluid, at both inlet and outlet, ismaintained within 5F (2.8C) of the test temperature for aperiod of 1 h.8.3 Ambient temperature need not be controlled.9. Procedure9
27、.1 Attach the specimen with end closures into the system,being careful to eliminate all air from the entire system.9.2 With the valves to the specimens closed and the powerpump operating, adjust the pressure regulator to the desiredpressure.9.3 Open the bypass needle valves, and with the circulating
28、pump running, circulate the salt solution through the specimento obtain the desired test temperature for conditioning.9.4 Close the bypass needle valve to permit only enough testfluid to pass through to maintain the test temperature. Connectthe failure detector units, reset these units to zero, and
29、start themain power pump.9.5 Adjust the cycling rate to at least 25 6 2 cycles/min.9.6 As additional specimens are added or removed from thesystem, maintain the maximum pressure condition desired byreadjusting the cyclic rate to at least 25 6 2 cycles/min.9.7 After each specimen fails, record the fa
30、ilure count asindicated by the failure detector.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the hoop stress in the pipe specimen asfollows:S 5 PD 2 t!/2twhere:S = hoop stress, psi (MPa),P = internal pressure, psi (MPa),D = average outside diameter, in. (mm), andt = minimum wall thickness, in. (mm).10.2 For the st
31、atistical calculation method, see PracticeD2992.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Complete identification of specimens, including ma-terial type, source, manufacturers name and code number, andprevious history,11.1.2 Pipe dimensions,11.1.3 Test temperature and test fluid,11.1.4
32、Cyclic rate and cycles to failure of each specimentested and nature of the failure,11.1.5 Correlation coefficient,11.1.6 Any unusual effects or observations during or prior tothe test,11.1.7 Dates of test.12. Precision and Bias12.1 No precision and bias statement can be made for thistest method sinc
33、e a controlled round-robin test program has notbeen run. A controlled round-robin program is not consideredfeasible due to the number of samples, the duration of time, andthe cyclic pressure apparatus specified by this test method.13. Keywords13.1 fiberglass pipe; hydrostatic design basis; pressure
34、de-sign basis; cyclic pressure strengthASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the
35、riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of
36、this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldma
37、ke your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D2143 00 (2010)3
