1、Designation: D 2248 01a (Reapproved 2007)Standard Practice forDetergent Resistance of Organic Finishes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2248; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of th
3、e resistanceto failure, in an accelerated manner, of organic finishes whenimmersed in a detergent solution.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,
4、if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 523 Test Method for Specular GlossD 609 Pra
5、ctice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panelsfor Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, andRelated Coating ProductsD 610 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Rusting onPainted Steel SurfacesD 714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD 823 Practices for Producing Films of
6、 Uniform Thicknessof Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test PanelsD 1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-ness of Organic Coatings Using MicrometersD 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement ofDry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied toa Ferrous Base3D 1193 Speci
7、fication for Reagent WaterD 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement ofDry Film Thickness of Nonconductive CoatingsApplied toa Nonferrous Metal Base3D 1474 Test Methods for Indentation Hardness of OrganicCoatingsD 1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or CoatedSpecimens Subjected to Corr
8、osive EnvironmentsD 1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Surfaces for PaintingD 2092 Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized)Steel Surfaces for PaintingD 2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings byScrape AdhesionD 2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Toler
9、ances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test3. Significance and Use3.1 Any effects such as color change, blistering. loss ofadhesion, softening, or embrittlement are observed and noted.4. Apparatus4.1 ContainerA corro
10、sion-resistant container equippedwith the means to control the solution temperature within therange specified and to control the liquid level at 65mm(316in.). Agitation may be required to maintain temperature uni-formity.4.2 CoverThe container shall be provided with a cover toretard evaporation and
11、to contain the test specimens com-pletely.5. Test Specimens5.1 Unless otherwise specified, the test specimens shall be100 by 300 by 0.9 mm (4 by 12 in. by 20 gage) in size. The testspecimen composition, surface preparation, and number of testspecimens shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the se
12、ller.NOTE 1Applicable test panel description and surface preparationmethods are as follows: Practices D 609, D 1730 and D 2092.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.
13、27 on Accelerated Testing.Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 2248 01a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual
14、Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Coating of Test Specimens6.1 The method of application, film thic
15、kness, curing, andconditioning of the test surface shall be agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the seller.NOTE 2Application and film thickness measurement methods aregiven as follows: Practices D 823, and Test Methods D 1005, D 1186, andD 1400.6.2 The backs, cut edges, and those areas containing i
16、den-tification marks or in contact with the supports, shall beprotected with a suitable coating that is stable under theconditions of test.7. Detergent Solution7.1 Composition, concentration, and temperature of deter-gent solution shall be agreed upon between the purchaser andthe seller.7.1.1 Unless
17、 otherwise specified, use Type 4 deionizedwater that complies with the requirements of SpecificationD 1193.7.1.2 Unless otherwise specified, the concentration of thedetergent solution shall be 1 % 6 0.05 % by weight.7.2 A typical solid detergent composition is as follows:Parts byWeightTetrasodium py
18、rophosphate (Na4P2O7), anhydrous 53.0Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), anhydrous 19.0Sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3), anhydrous 7.0Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), anhydrous 1.0Sodium salt of a linear alkylarylsulfonate (90 % flake grade)620.0Total 100.0NOTE 3If agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller to us
19、e acommercial brand of detergent, both parties should be aware that acommercial brand may have different formulations specific to certaingeographic regions and that commercial brand formulations may changefrom year to year.7.3 Unless otherwise specified, the temperature of the de-tergent solution sh
20、all be 74 6 1C (165 6 2F).NOTE 4A listing of sources for the detergent chemicals can be foundin McCutcheons Emulsifiers and Detergents.47.4 Record the pH of the solution at the beginning and endof each test.7.5 Unless otherwise specified, agitate the detergent solu-tion during the test. The agitatio
21、n shall not cause any bubbleformation and shall allow for maintenance of panel spacingminimums.8. Procedure8.1 ImmersionSuspend the test specimens vertically inthe container so that at least one half of the surface area issubmerged in the detergent solution. Separate the test speci-mens so that they
22、 are not in contact with any metal and are nocloser together than 25 mm (1 in.) at any point in the bath.Replace the detergent solution with fresh detergent solutionevery 168 h. Immerse test specimens in Type 4 deionized waterwhen the detergent solution is being changed. Do not keep thetest specimen
23、s out of the detergent solution for longer than 30min. If successive tests are to be correlated, each test shallinclude control panels. The panel composition and paintformulation used for the control panels shall be the same foreach test.8.2 Examination of SpecimensWhen the specimens areready for ex
24、amination, carefully remove, gently wash or dip inclean running water not warmer than the temperature of thedetergent solution to remove the detergent from the surface,and then carefully dry by blowing with air or blotting withabsorbent paper. During the progress of the test, examine fordeterioratio
25、n of the film immediately. If reimmersion is neces-sary, do not allow the specimens to remain out of the liquid inexcess of12 h, unless otherwise specified. Examine the testcoating for the failures specifically agreed upon by the pur-chaser and the seller.NOTE 5The following methods of evaluating fi
26、nish degradation inthis practice are applicable: Test Methods D 523, D 714, D 1474, D 2197,D 610, D 1654, D 2244, and D 3359.8.3 Length of TestThe length of test and the intermediateexamination periods shall be as designated by the specificationcovering the organic finish being tested or as mutually
27、 agreedupon by the purchaser and the seller.9. Precision and Bias9.1 Precision data are based on a round robin in which threefinishes applied to two substrates were tested in six laboratorieswith each laboratory making two runs of five replicates of eachvariation. Blister failure was reported by all
28、 cooperators usingTest Method D 714. To simplify the evaluation of blisteringdata the blister ratings were converted to single numericalvalues by the formula Frequency Number 3 Size 4 10 = Nu-merical Value. The Frequency Numbers assigned were asfollows:No blistering 10Very few 9Few 8Few medium 6Medi
29、um 5Medium dense 4Dense 2By this system, few Size 8 blistering would have a numericalvalue of 6.4. The adequacy of precision depends upon thepurpose of the test and should be determined by the user fromthe data supplied.9.1.1 Using these numerical values the standard deviationsfor the three finishes
30、 were as follows (rounded to nearest-tenth):Finish Within Laboratory Between-Laboratory1 0.8 1.42 0.4 0.63 1.3 2.69.1.2 Repeatability:Finish Difference12.8215349.1.3 Reproducibility:4McCutcheons Emulsifiers and Detergents, McCutcheons Division, M. C.Publishing Co., 175 Rock Rd., Glen Rock, NJ 07452.
31、D 2248 01a (2007)2Finish Difference14.922239010. Keywords10.1 degradationpaints/related coatings/materials; deter-gent resistanceASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard ar
32、e expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not
33、revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which yo
34、u may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2248 01a (2007)3
