1、Designation: D706 09Standard Classification System and Basis for Specifications forCellulose Acetate Molding and Extrusion Compounds1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D706; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This classificat
3、ion system covers requirements for cel-lulose acetate thermoplastic compounds plasticized with eitherdiethyl phthalate or dimethyl phthalate and are suitable forinjection molding and extrusion. These compounds have anacetyl content between 39 and 40 %. It does not includematerials compounded for spe
4、cial application. Cellulosic plas-tic materials, being thermoplastic, are reprocessable and recy-clable. This classification system allows for the use of thosecellulosic materials, provided that all specific requirements ofthis classification system are met.1.2 The properties included in this classi
5、fication system arethose required to identify the compositions covered. Otherrequirements necessary to identify particular characteristicsimportant to specialized applications are specified by using thesuffixes as given in Section 5.1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call out(specifi
6、cation) are intended to provide a means of calling outplastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts.It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection can be made by those having expertise in the plasticfield only after careful consideration of the design and perf
7、or-mance required of the part, environment to which it will beexposed, fabrication process to be employed, costs involved,and inherent properties of the material other than those coveredby this classification system.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.5 The following sa
8、fety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 11, of this classification system.This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth
9、practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of
10、PlasticsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent andTime of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal PositionD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and
11、 Electrical Insulating MaterialsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasti
12、csD1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying
13、Plastic Materi-alsD5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Classi-fication D 4000 FormatD7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and ProductsE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects byUsing the CIE System3. Terminology3.1 Definition
14、sThe terminology used in this classificationsystem is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.1This classification system is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved Nov.
15、1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1943. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D706 - 05. DOI:10.1520/D0706-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume in
16、formation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Classification4.1 This classification sys
17、tem covers the following groups,classes, and grades (see Table CA):4.1.1 Group 1High impact strength, diethyl phthalateplasticizer.4.1.2 Group 2High tensile strength, diethyl phthalateplasticizer.4.1.3 Group 3High impact strength, dimethyl phthalateplasticizer.4.1.4 Group 4High tensile strength, dim
18、ethyl phthalateplasticizer.4.1.5 ClassAccording to plasticizer content and proper-ties specified in Table CA.4.1.6 Grade 1For injection molding (general purpose).4.1.7 Grade 2For extrusion.5. Suffixes5.1 When requirements are needed that are not covered inTable CA, they shall be indicated through th
19、e use of suffixes.5.2 A list of suffixes can be found in Classification SystemD4000 (Table 3) and can be used for additional requirements asappropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to that classifi-cation system as test methods and requirements are developedand requested.5.3 Color and opacity
20、shall be within the limits defined in6.3.5.4 Commonly used suffixes for cellulose acetate are shownas follows:T = transmittance requirements as designed designated bythe following digits:First Digit1 = total luminous transmittance determined in accordancewith Procedure A of Test Method D1003.Second
21、Digit1 = total transmittance, 80 % min.5.5 An example of this classification system for a high-impact cellulose acetate formulation would be as follows:CA0122FA053 (1)CA = Table CA Property Requirements.01 = Group 01High Impact Strength, diethyl phtha-late plasticizer.2 = Class 2Plasticizer Range fr
22、om 35 to 40 % (seeTable CA, Footnote 1).2 = Grade 2Extrusion Application.FA053 = Flammability requirement from ClassificationSystem D4000Burn rate maximum of 50 mm/min with 3 mm minimum thickness, when testedin accordance with Test Method D635NOTE 2CA0122 corresponds to the following physical proper
23、tyrequirements in Table CA:Specific gravity: 1.25-1.28.Tensile stress at yield: 18 MPa min.Flexural modulus: 930 MPa min.Izod impact strength: 200 J/m min.Water absorption: 4.7 % max.Weight loss on heating: 10.0 % max.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials supplied shall be as uniform in composit
24、ionand size, and as free of contamination as can be achieved bygood manufacturing practice.6.2 If these materials contain colorants in the nominalamounts ordinarily employed, such additives shall not alter theability of the materials to meet the specified properties.6.3 The color of material supplie
25、d shall be comparable,within commercial match tolerances, to the color of standardsamples prepared by the manufacturer.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Test specimens of the material shall conform to therequirements prescribed in Table CA.7.2 Molded specimens, for those tests requiring them, shallbe prep
26、ared in accordance with Section 10.7.3 Conformance to the requirements of this classificationsystem shall be determined in accordance with Section 11.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 12.4.8.2 A batch or lot shall be constituted as a unit of manufa
27、c-ture as prepared for shipment and can consist of a blend of twoor more “production runs.”9. Number of Tests9.1 Routine testing of each batch or lot shall be limited toproperties designated in Table CA of this classification system.9.2 One set of samples for those tests that are designated(Section
28、12) shall be considered sufficient for testing the batchor lot. The average results from those samples shall complywith the requirements prescribed in this classification system.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 Physical property requirements in Table CA are basedon injection molded specimens 3.2 mm thic
29、k. Specimensmachined from compression-molded blanks or extruded stripscan be used, provided it can be shown that the results arecomparable.10.2 Prior to molding cellulose acetate, dry the material to amoisture content of 0.2 % or less. The primary reason fordrying the material is to eliminate visual
30、 defects such assurface imperfections and bubbles. Material spread in a tray toa maximum depth of 50 mm and exposed in a circulating-airoven at 75 to 90C for3hisrecommended. Formulationscontaining either very low or very high levels of plasticizer canrequire slightly higher or lower drying temperatu
31、res respec-tively. Control the injection molding cycles in accordance withPractice D3641, using a melt temperature 25 to 35C above the“cold point.” (The “cold point” is the lowest melt temperatureat which it is possible to obtain a full shot when all otheroperating variables are held constant within
32、 the normal oper-ating range.) Mold temperatures between 35 and 60C havebeen found desirable. As a rule, thin-section moldings andhigher hardness materials (lower plasticizer content) requirehigher mold temperatures.10.3 Test specimens injection molded from cellulosic ma-terials are subject to “over
33、packing” if the gate size is too large,D706 092and this can result in brittleness in the gate area as well asthroughout the entire specimen. A gate size 1.5 mm square hasbeen found to produce satisfactory test specimens.11. Test Methods11.1 Determine the properties defined by this classificationsyst
34、em in accordance with the following test methods:11.1.1 All tests shall be performed in the standard labora-tory atmosphere as defined by Practice D618.11.1.2 Test specimens shall be conditioned in accordancewith Procedure A of Practice D618.11.1.3 Color-VisualPractice D172911.1.4 Color-Quantitative
35、Practice E30811.1.5 Plasticizer ContentThe method for plasticizer con-tent shall be specified.11.1.6 Specific GravityTest Methods D792.11.1.7 Tensile Stress at YieldTest Method D638, Type Itest specimen, 50-mm/min testing speed.11.1.8 Flexural ModulusTest Methods D790, 1.27-mm/min testing speed.11.1
36、.9 Impact Strength (Izod)Test Method A of TestMethod D256. Specimen size: 63.5 mm long by 12.7 mm wideby 3.2 mm thick.11.1.10 Water AbsorptionTest Method D570, 24-h im-mersion.NOTE 3The ungated “tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method D638,Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be us
37、ed if theprimary specimen type is not available. Condition in accordance with TestMethod D570.11.1.11 Weight Loss on HeatingCondition test specimens,50.8 mm in diameter or 50.8 mm wide by 63.5 mm long by 3.2mm thick, for 48 h over anhydrous calcium chloride at 23 62Cor4hat706 2C.NOTE 4The ungated, “
38、tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method D638,Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if theprimary specimen type is not available. Weigh three specimens and placethem in a circulating-air oven for 72 h at 82 6 2C. Support the specimensflatwise on a screen in the oven. Upon rem
39、oval from the oven, cool thespecimens in a desiccator over anhydrous calcium chloride to 23 6 2C.Weigh the specimens and calculate the weight loss on heating as apercentage of the conditioned weight as follows:weight loss on heating, % 5W12 W2!W13 100 (2)where:W1= original weight, g, after initial c
40、onditioning, andW2= weight, g, after 72 h in oven at 82C.12. Inspection and Certification12.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference to a specification based on this classificationsystem shall be for conformance to the requirements specifiedherein.12.2 Lot-acceptance ins
41、pection shall be the basis on whichacceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptanceinspection shall consist of plasticizer content determination(see Table CA, Footnote 1) and color as specified in 6.3.12.3 Periodic check inspection with reference to a specifi-cation based on this class
42、ification system shall consist of thetests for all requirements of the material under the specifica-tion. Inspection frequency shall be adequate to ensure that thematerial is certifiable in accordance with 12.4.12.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufac-tured by a process in statistic
43、al control, sampled, tested, andinspected in accordance with this classification system and thatthe average values for the lot meet the requirements of theclassification system (line call out).12.5 A report of test results shall be furnished when re-quested. The report shall consist of results of th
44、e lot acceptanceinspection for the shipment, the results of the most recentperiodic-check inspection, and the percent by weight of re-cycled plastic, as defined in Guide D7209, if requested.NOTE 5The ASTM publication Manual on Presentation of Data andControl Chart Analysis, 7th Edition, stock number
45、: MNL7A, providesdetailed information about statistical process control.13. Rejection13.1 Material that fails to conform to all the requirements ofthis classification system is not to be certified.14. Packaging, Packing, and Marking14.1 The provisions of Practice D3892 apply to packaging,packing, an
46、d marking of containers for plastic materials.15. Keywords15.1 cellulose acetate; classification system; line callout;plastic; recycled; specificationD706 093TABLE CA Detailed Physical Property RequirementsMaterial: CA (Cellulose Acetate)Plasticizer Base: Groups 01 and 02-Diethyl phthalate SpecificG
47、ravity,TestMethodsD792TensileStress atYield, TestMethodD638, min,MPaFlexuralModulus,Test Meth-ods D790,min, MPaIzod Im-pactStrength,TestMethodD256 mm,J/mWater Absorption, TestMethod D570,max, %WeightLoss onHeating,Paragraph11.1.11,max, %Group Description ClassPlasticizerContentA,% Grade DescriptionW
48、eightGainBSolubleLoss01 High impactstrength(diethylphthalatebased)1 37-42 120injectionextrusionother1.25-1.281.25-1.2817178608602302305.05.01.81.810.010.02 35-40 120injectionextrusionother1.25-1.281.25-1.2818189309302002004.74.71.41.410.010.03 33-37 120injectionextrusionother1.25-1.291.25-1.29191911
49、0011001701704.34.31.11.19.09.04 29-35 120injectionextrusionother1.26-1.291.26-1.292323124012401501504.04.00.80.87.07.05 27-33 120injectionextrusionother1.26-1.291.26-1.292727138013801301303.53.50.60.66.06.00 other 0 other02 High tensilestrength(diethylphthalatebased)1 25-29 120injectionextrusionother1.27-1.301.27-1.303232152015201051053.23.20.50.54.04.02 23-27 120injectionextrusionother1.27-1.301.27-1.3036361580158090903.03.00.40.43.03.03 21-25 120injectionextrusionother1.27-1.301.27-1.3039391650165080802.92.90.40.42.02.04 19-23 120injectionextrusi
