1、Designation: D 2475 01Standard Specification forFelt1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year
2、of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers all standard types of felt in theform of rolls and sheets that are s
3、uitable for mechanical use.Certain special-purpose felts are also covered.1.2 This specification is not applicable to felt-like productsthat utilize weaving, knitting, stitching, or bonding such aspapermakers felt.1.3 Trade practice in the felt industry deals in pounds, yards,and inches, therefore t
4、he values stated in inch-pound units areto be regarded as standard. The values in SI units are providedas information only.1.3.1 The specification referenced in 2.2 uses only inch-pound units.he percent specific gravity of that class.TABLE 1 Wool Sheet Felt: Thickness and Mass (Weight)ASTM (NTA)Clas
5、sColorThickness, in. Thickness, mm Mass (Weight) lb/yd2Mass (Weight) kg/m2NominalTolerancesNominalTolerancesNominal Tolerances Nominal TolerancesSheets Cut Parts Sheets Cut Parts26S1 White 0.125 6 0.014 6 0.016 3.17 6 0.35 6 0.41 1.50 6 0.10 0.81 6 0.0526S4 Gray 0.188 0.016 0.018 4.78 0.41 0.46 2.25
6、 0.15 1.22 0.080.250 0.020 0.022 6.35 0.51 0.56 3.00 0.20 1.63 0.110.313 0.022 0.024 7.95 0.56 0.61 3.75 0.25 2.04 0.140.375 0.024 0.026 9.52 0.61 0.66 4.50 0.30 2.44 0.160.500 0.030 0.032 12.70 0.76 0.81 6.00 0.40 3.26 0.220.625 0.035 0.037 15.88 0.89 0.94 7.50 0.45 4.07 0.240.750 0.040 0.042 19.05
7、 1.02 1.07 9.00 0.50 4.89 0.270.875 0.046 0.048 22.23 1.17 1.22 10.50 0.55 5.70 0.301.000 0.051 0.053 25.40 1.30 1.35 12.00 0.60 6.52 0.331.250 0.062 0.065 31.75 1.57 1.65 15.00 0.70 8.15 0.381.500 0.072 0.075 38.10 1.83 1.91 18.00 0.80 9.77 0.431.750 0.083 0.085 44.45 2.11 2.16 21.00 0.90 11.40 0.4
8、92.000 0.094 0.098 50.80 2.39 2.49 24.00 1.00 13.03 0.542.500 0.115 0.119 63.50 2.92 3.02 30.00 1.05 16.29 0.573.000 0.136 0.141 76.20 3.45 3.58 36.00 1.10 19.55 0.6034S1 White 0.125 0.012 0.014 3.17 0.30 0.36 2.00 0.10 1.09 0.0534S2 White 0.188 0.012 0.014 4.78 0.30 0.36 3.00 0.15 1.63 0.0834S3 Whi
9、te 0.250 0.016 0.018 6.35 0.41 0.46 4.00 0.30 2.17 0.1634S4 Gray 0.313 0.017 0.019 7.95 0.43 0.48 5.00 0.35 2.71 0.190.375 0.019 0.021 9.52 0.48 0.53 6.00 0.40 3.26 0.220.500 0.022 0.024 12.70 0.56 0.61 8.00 0.50 4.34 0.270.625 0.026 0.028 15.88 0.66 0.71 10.00 0.60 5.43 0.330.750 0.029 0.031 19.05
10、0.74 0.79 12.00 0.70 6.52 0.380.875 0.032 0.034 22.23 0.87 0.86 14.00 0.75 7.60 0.411.000 0.036 0.038 25.40 0.91 0.97 16.00 0.80 8.69 0.431.250 0.042 0.045 31.25 1.07 1.14 20.00 0.90 10.86 0.491.500 0.049 0.052 38.10 1.24 1.32 24.00 1.00 13.03 0.541.750 0.056 0.059 44.45 1.42 1.50 28.00 1.10 15.20 0
11、.602.000 0.063 0.067 50.80 1.60 1.70 32.00 1.20 17.38 0.652.500 0.076 0.080 63.50 1.93 2.03 40.00 1.25 21.72 0.683.000 0.090 0.095 76.20 2.29 2.41 48.00 1.30 26.06 0.7143S1 White 0.125 0.012 0.014 3.17 0.30 0.36 2.50 0.30 1.36 0.1643S2 White 0.188 0.012 0.014 4.78 0.30 0.36 3.75 0.35 2.04 0.1943S3 W
12、hite 0.250 0.014 0.016 6.35 0.36 0.41 5.00 0.40 2.71 0.221This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.Current edition approved April 10, 2001. Published June 2001. Originallypublished as D 2475
13、 65 T, replacing D 114. Last previous edition D 2475 00.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE 1 ContinuedASTM (NTA)ClassColorThickness, in. Thickness, mm Mass (Weight) lb/yd2Mass (Weight) kg/m2NominalTolerancesNominal
14、TolerancesNominal Tolerances Nominal TolerancesSheets Cut Parts Sheets Cut Parts43S4 Gray 0.375 0.016 0.019 9.52 0.41 0.48 7.50 0.50 4.07 0.270.500 0.019 0.022 12.70 0.48 0.56 10.00 0.60 5.43 0.330.625 0.022 0.025 15.88 0.56 0.64 12.50 0.70 6.79 0.380.750 0.025 0.028 19.05 0.63 0.71 15.00 0.80 8.15
15、0.430.875 0.027 0.030 22.23 0.69 0.76 17.50 0.90 9.50 0.491.000 0.030 0.033 25.40 0.76 0.84 20.00 1.00 10.86 0.541.250 0.036 0.040 31.15 0.91 1.02 25.00 1.10 13.56 0.601.500 0.041 0.045 38.10 1.04 1.14 30.00 1.20 16.29 0.651.750 0.047 0.051 44.45 1.19 1.30 35.00 1.30 19.00 0.712.000 0.053 0.058 50.8
16、0 1.35 1.47 40.00 1.40 21.72 0.762.500 0.064 0.070 63.50 1.63 1.78 50.00 1.45 27.15 0.793.000 0.075 0.082 76.20 1.90 2.08 60.00 1.50 32.58 0.8156S1 White 0.125 0.010 0.014 3.17 0.25 0.36 3.25 0.40 1.76 0.2256S2 White 0.188 0.010 0.014 4.78 0.25 0.36 4.90 0.50 2.66 0.2756S3 White 0.250 0.011 0.016 6.
17、35 0.28 0.41 6.50 0.60 3.53 0.33S654 Gray 0.375 0.013 0.018 9.52 0.33 0.46 9.75 0.80 5.29 0.430.500 0.016 0.022 12.70 0.41 0.56 13.00 1.00 7.06 0.540.625 0.018 0.024 15.88 0.46 0.61 16.25 1.10 8.82 0.600.750 0.020 0.026 19.05 0.51 0.66 19.50 1.20 10.59 0.650.875 0.022 0.028 22.23 0.56 0.71 22.75 1.3
18、0 12.35 0.701.000 0.025 0.031 25.40 0.63 0.79 26.00 1.40 14.12 0.761.250 0.029 0.036 31.75 0.74 0.91 32.50 1.50 17.65 0.811.500 0.033 0.040 38.10 0.84 1.02 39.00 1.60 21.18 0.871.750 0.038 0.046 44.45 0.97 1.17 45.50 1.70 24.71 0.922.000 0.042 0.051 50.80 1.07 1.30 52.00 1.80 28.24 0.982.500 0.050 0
19、.061 63.50 1.27 1.55 65.00 1.85 35.29 1.003.000 0.058 0.070 76.20 1.47 1.78 78.00 1.90 42.35 1.0368S1 White 0.125 0.007 0.013 3.17 0.18 0.33 4.00 0.50 2.17 0.2768S2 White 0.188 0.007 0.014 4.78 0.18 0.36 6.00 0.75 3.26 0.4168S3 White 0.250 0.007 0.015 6.35 0.18 0.38 8.00 1.00 4.34 0.5468S4 Gray 0.37
20、5 0.009 0.018 9.52 0.23 0.46 12.00 1.10 6.52 0.600.500 0.011 0.020 12.70 0.28 0.51 16.00 1.20 8.69 0.650.625 0.013 0.022 15.88 0.33 0.56 20.00 1.30 10.86 0.710.750 0.015 0.024 19.05 0.38 0.61 24.00 1.40 13.03 0.760.875 0.017 0.026 22.23 0.43 0.66 28.00 1.50 15.20 0.811.000 60.019 60.028 25.40 60.48
21、60.71 32.00 61.60 17.38 60.871.250 0.022 0.032 31.75 0.56 0.81 40.00 1.70 21.72 0.921.500 0.026 0.036 38.10 0.66 0.91 48.00 1.80 26.06 0.981.750 0.029 0.041 44.45 0.74 1.04 56.00 1.90 30.41 1.032.000 0.032 0.046 50.80 0.81 1.17 64.00 2.00 34.75 1.092.500 0.038 0.055 63.50 0.97 1.40 80.00 2.05 43.44
22、1.112. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles2D 461 Test Methods for Felt2D 4845 Terminology Relating to Wool32.2 Federal Standard:C-F-206, Felt Sheet: Cloth Felt, Wool, Pressed42.3 Felt Manufacturers Council:FS14-68/71 Wool Felt Standard Specifications52.4 SAE
23、 Standard:6J314b Felts-Wool and Part Wool3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 felt, na textile structure characterized by interlock-ing and consolidation of its constituent fibers.3.1.2 machined felt, na felt structure achieved by theinteraction of a suitable combination of mechanical energy,chemical
24、 action, moisture and heat causing the constituentfibers to migrate and interlock.3.1.3 needled felt, na structure composed entirely offibers physically interlocked and reoriented through the actionof felting needles.3.1.4 For standard terminology relating to wool, refer toTerminology D 4845.3.1.5 F
25、or definitions of other textile terms used in these testmethods, refer to Terminology D 123.3.1.5.1 DiscussionFor the purpose of this document, thereare only two types of felt, machined and needled. All other2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.4Availab
26、le from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from the Northern Textile Association, 230 Congress Street, Boston,MA 02110.6Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers, 2 Pennsylvania Plaza,New York, NY 100
27、01.D2475012terms alluded to as types of felt, such as papermakers, black,unsupported, supported, part wool, wool, etc. are considered tobe simply terms describing attributes of these two types offelts.3.1.6 relative density, nthe ratio of the mass of a volumeof felt to the mass of an equivalent volu
28、me of water, alterna-tively, use density.4. Types of Felts4.1 ASTM Classification:4.1.1 The ASTM Classification number in Tables 1-3 is tItmay be computed from the mass (weight), thickness, and areavalues in these tables. This number is followed by the letter Ror S, which designates the method of ma
29、nufacture as roll orsheet form, respectively. The last digit is the overall qualityindex in decreasing order of quality from one to four (see Note1).4.1.2 To obtain the average density of the different felts inlb/ft3, multiply the percent specific gravity number of the firstcolumn of Tables 1-4 by 0
30、.6243.4.1.3 To obtain the average density in kg/m3,(1) multiplythe percent specific gravity of the first column in Tables 1-4 by10, or (2) multiply the average density in lb/ft3by 16.02.4.1.4 Examples of ASTM classifications are as follows:26R2 FeltTABLE 2 Roll and Sheet Felt Corresponding Classific
31、ationsProperties and General DescriptionASTM(NTA)Classifi-cationACorrespondingClassificationsPhysical Requirements General DescriptionSAEJ314bFed.Spec.C-F-206Min. TensileStrength,Min. SplitResistanceColorNormal Width Thickness: Available Rangepsi kPalbf/2 in.widthN/50mmwidthin. cm in. mm14R1 . . . .
32、 . . white 72 183 0.1250.500 3.1712.717R1 . . . . . . white 72 183 0.1251.000 3.1725.417R2 F26 8R5 . . . . gray 72 183 0.1251.000 3.1725.418R1 F10 9R1 225 1551 8 35 white 72 183 0.0631.000 1.6025.418R2 F11 9R2 200 1379 6 26 gray 72 183 0.0631.000 1.6025.418R3 F12 9R3 100 690 3 13 gray 72 183 0.0631.
33、000 1.6025.418R4 F13 9R4 75 517 2 9 gray 72 183 0.0631.000 1.6025.418R5 F15 9R5 75 517 2 9 gray 72 183 0.0631.000 1.6025.426R1 F5 12R1 400 2758 18 79 white 60 152 0.0631.000 1.6025.426R2 F6 12R2 275 1896 16 71 gray 60 or 72 152 or 183 0.0631.000 1.6025.426R3 F7 12R3 250 1724 12 53 gray 72 183 0.0631
34、.000 1.6025.426R3X F55 12R3X 200 1379 . . gray 60 or 72 152 or 183 0.0630.094 1.602.3934R1 F1 16R1 500 3448 33 147 white 60 152 0.1251.000 3.1725.434R1X F50 16R1X 500 3448 . . white 60 152 0.0470.092 1.192.3934R2 F2 16R2 500 3448 28 124 not blk or gray 60 152 0.0471.000 1.1925.434R3 F3 16R3 400 2758
35、 22 97 gray 60 152 0.1251.000 3.1725.434R3X F51 16R3X 300 2069 . . gray 60 or 72 152 or 183 0.0470.094 1.192.3938R1 . 18R1 600 4137 35 154 white 60 152 0.1250.500 3.1712.738R2 . . 550 3792 30 132 gray 60 152 0.1250.500 3.1712.726S1 . 12S1 400 2758 18 79 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.226S4 . . 300 20
36、69 16 71 gray 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.234S1 . 16S1 500 3448 32 141 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.234S2 . 16S3 400 2758 28 124 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.234S3 . 16S4 300 2069 20 89 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.234S4 . . 400 2758 22 97 gray 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.243S1 . 20S1 500 3448 44 196 whi
37、te 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.243S2 . 20S3 400 2758 40 178 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.243S3 . 20S4 300 2069 32 142 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.243S4 . . 400 2758 36 160 gray 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.256S1 . 26S1 600 4137 48 212 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.256S2 . 26S3 500 3448 46 205 white 36 91
38、0.1253.000 3.1776.256S3 . 26S4 400 2758 36 160 white 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.256S4 . . 400 2758 40 178 gray 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.268S1 . 32S1 600 4137 50 222 white 36 91 0.1252.500 3.1763.568S2 . 32S3 500 3448 48 212 natural 36 91 0.1253.000 3.1776.268S3 . 32S4 400 2758 40 178 natural 36 91 0.125
39、3.000 3.1776.268S4 . . 400 2758 46 205 gray 36 91 0.1252.500 3.1763.5ANTA refers to Northern Textile Association.D2475013NOTE 1The terms “Second Quality and “Third Quality do notrefer to sub-standard levels of quality. Each classification has distinctspecifications which are less demanding than its
40、higher classification. SeeTable 2.4.2 Corresponding SAE and DoD ClassificationFor con-venience, Table 2 includes the corresponding classificationsbased on the Society of Automotive Engineers SpecificationJ314b and the U.S. Department of Defense Federal Specifica-tion C-F-206.NOTE 2The classification
41、 codes of this specification and those ofFederal Specification C-F-206 are similar in appearance, but the firstelements of the codes have entirely different meanings. Instead of apercent specific gravity, the first element of the federal specification coderepresents the pounds per square yard of mat
42、erial that is 1 in. thick. Whenusing one of these classification systems, be sure to identify the system.4.3 Special-Purpose Classification The various types ofspecial-purpose felts appearing in Table 4 are classified by oneor two letters, standing for the initial letters of the tradedesignation, fo
43、llowed by a number indicating the quality index,TABLE 3 Roll Felt Thicknesses and WeightsNOTE 1The F-50, F-51, and F-55 classifications are available in limited thickness ranges. See Table 2.ASTM(NTA)Classifi-cationSAEJ314bFed. Spec.C-F-206ColorTrade Designa-tionThickness Tolerances Mass (Weight) Pe
44、r Unit AreaNominalInchesNominalMillimetres Nominal TolerancesRoll Cutparts Roll Cutparts lb/yd2kg/m214R1 . . White Soft Pad 0.125 6 0.040 6 0.048 3.18 6 1.02 6 1.22 0.83 6 0.10 0.45 6 0.050.250 0.056 0.064 6.35 1.42 1.63 1.65 0.20 0.90 0.110.375 0.072 0.082 9.53 1.83 2.08 2.48 0.30 1.35 0.160.500 0.
45、088 0.098 12.70 2.24 2.49 3.30 0.40 1.79 0.2217R1 . . White Soft Pad 0.125 0.040 0.044 3.18 1.02 1.12 0.9 0.09 0.49 0.0517R2 F-26 8R5 Gray 0.250 0.056 0.062 6.35 1.42 1.58 1.8 0.18 0.98 0.100.375 0.072 0.079 9.53 1.83 2.01 2.7 0.27 1.47 0.150.500 0.088 0.098 12.70 2.24 2.49 3.6 0.36 1.95 0.200.750 0
46、.120 0.135 19.05 3.05 3.43 5.4 0.54 2.93 0.291.000 0.152 0.170 25.40 3.86 4.32 7.2 0.72 3.91 0.3918R1 F-10 9R1 White Firm Pad 0.125 0.020 0.023 3.18 0.51 0.58 1.06 0.08 0.58 0.0418R2 F-11 9R2 Gray Firm Pad 0.188 0.023 0.026 4.78 0.58 0.66 1.59 0.12 0.86 0.0718R3 F-12 9R3 Gray Firm Pad 0.250 0.026 0.
47、031 6.35 0.66 0.79 2.12 0.16 1.15 0.0918R4 F-13 9R4 Gray Firm Pad 0.313 0.029 0.033 7.95 0.74 0.84 2.65 0.20 1.44 0.1118R5 F-15 9R5 Gray Firm Pad 0.375 0.032 0.036 9.53 0.81 0.91 3.18 0.24 1.73 0.130.500 0.038 0.044 12.70 0.97 1.12 4.24 0.32 2.31 0.180.625 0.044 0.050 15.88 1.12 1.27 5.30 0.40 2.89
48、0.220.750 0.050 0.060 19.05 1.27 1.52 6.36 0.48 3.46 0.260.875 0.056 0.065 22.23 1.42 1.65 7.42 0.56 4.03 0.301.000 0.062 0.070 25.40 1.58 1.78 8.48 0.64 4.62 0.3526R1 F-5 12R1 White Ex Firm Pad 0.063 0.007 0.012 1.60 0.18 0.31 0.75 0.04 0.41 0.0226R2 F-6 12R2 Gray Ex Firm Pad 0.094 0.007 0.012 2.39
49、 0.18 0.31 1.12 0.05 0.61 0.0326R3 F-7 12R3 Gray Ex Firm Pad for example:5. Forms of Felt5.1 In general, less dense and thinner felts are produced inroll form; more dense and thicker felts are produced in sheetform.5.1.1 Roll felts are usually supplied in lengths of 20 to 60 yd(18 to 55 m).5.1.2 Sheet felts are usually supplied in flat pieces approxi-mately 1 yd2(0.84 m2). Sheet felts are specified to closertolerance because of the smaller quantities per unit of manu-facture.5.2 Specialty Felts
