1、Designation: D 2737 03An American National StandardStandard Specification forPolyethylene (PE) Plastic Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2737; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers polyethylen
3、e (PE) tubing pres-sure rated for water (see appendix). Included are criteria forclassifying PE plastic tubing materials and PE plastic tubing,and requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship,dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, and environ-mental stress cracking. This specifi
4、cation differs from the pipespecifications in their outside diameters. Methods of markingare also given.1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes,and appendixes which provide explanatory material. Thesenotes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shallnot be consi
5、dered as requirements of the specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.NOTE 1PE plastic tubing is often used with fittings that require flaringthe tubing. The technique used to make the flare is
6、highly important toproduce leak-free joints. For further information, refer to Practice D 3140.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated wi
7、th its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing2D 792 Test Metho
8、d for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement2D 1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion Plastometer2D 1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics ExtrusionMaterials for Wire and Cable2D 1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the D
9、ensity-Gradient Technique2D 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal Pressure3D 1599 Test Method for Short-Time Hydraulic Failure Pres-sure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings3D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlastics2D 1603 Test Method for Car
10、bon Black in Olefin Plastics2D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and Fittings3D 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic DesignBasis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials3D 3140 Practice for Flaring Polyolefin Pipe and Tubing4D 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plasti
11、cs Pipe andFittings Materials5F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems32.2 NSF Standard:Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and RelatedMaterials63. Terminology3.1 Definitions: Definitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F 412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-n
12、ology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviationfor polyethylene plastic is PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 hydrostatic design stressthe estimated maximumtensile stress the material is capable of withstanding continu-ously with a high degree of certainty that fa
13、ilure of the pipe1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.26 on OlefinBased Pipe.Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originallyapproved in 1968. Last previous editio
14、n approved in 2001 as D 2737 01.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.4Discontinued, see 1999 edition of Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.6Available from the National Sanitation Foundation, P.O. Box 1468,
15、 Ann Arbor,MI 48106.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.will not occur. This stress is circumferential when internalhydrostatic water pressure is applied.3.2.2 pressure rating (PR)the estimated maximum waterpressure the p
16、ipe is capable of withstanding continuously witha high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.3.2.3 relation between dimensions, hydrostatic designstress, and pressure ratingthe following expression, com-monly known as the ISO equation,7is used in this specificationto relate dim
17、ensions, hydrostatic design stress, and pressurerating:2S/P 5 D0/t! 2 1 or 2S/P 5 R 2 1where:S = hydrostatic design stress, psi (or MPa),P = pressure rating, psi (or MPa),D0= average outside diameter, in. (or mm),t = minimum wall thickness, in. (or mm), andR = standard thermoplastic pipe dimension r
18、atio (D0/t forPE tubing).3.2.4 standard dimension ratio (SDR)the average outsidediameter in inches divided by the minimum wall thickness ininches, rounded to the nearest 0.5.3.2.5 standard thermoplastic tubing materials designationcodethe tubing materials designation code shall consist ofthe abbrevi
19、ation PE for the type of plastic, followed by theASTM grade in Arabic numerals and the hydrostatic designstress in units of 100 psi with any decimal figures dropped.Where the hydrostatic design code contains less than twofigures, a cipher shall be used before the number. Thus acomplete material code
20、 consists of two letters and four figuresfor PE plastic tubing materials (see Section 5).3.2.6 tubingfor the purpose of this specification, pipemade to specific outside diameters as shown in Table 1.4. Tubing Classification4.1 GeneralThis specification covers PE tubing madefrom four PE plastic tubin
21、g materials in three standard dimen-sion ratios and three water pressure ratings (appendix).4.2 Standard Thermoplastic Pipe Dimension Ratios(SDR)This specification covers PE tubing in three standarddimension ratios, namely, 7.3, 9, and 11. These are referred toas SDR 7.3, SDR 9, and SDR 11, respecti
22、vely. The pressurerating is uniform for all nominal tubing sizes for a given PEpipe material and SDR with the exception of SDR 9 withPE-3408 material (appendix).5. Materials5.1 GeneralPolyethylene plastics used to make tubingmeeting the requirements of this specification are categorizedby means of t
23、wo criteria, namely, (1) short-term strength tests,and (2) long-term strength tests.5.2 Basic MaterialsThis specification covers PE tubingmade from three PE plastics as defined in SpecificationD 1248, in which the requirements are based on short-termtests of Grade P23, Grade P24, Grade P33, and Grad
24、e P34. The80C sustained pressure performance requirements of 6.9 arenot currently in PE material Specifications D 1248 or D 3350.To identify the correct tubing test category (C1 to C7), the PEmaterial base resin density and melt index must be obtainedfrom the PE material supplier.NOTE 2Committee F-1
25、7 has requested that Committee D-20 add the80C sustained pressure performance requirements to SpecificationsD 1248 and D 3350.5.3 Hydrostatic Design StressesThis specification coversPE tubing made from three PE plastics as defined by hydro-static design stresses developed on the basis of long-term t
26、ests(appendix).5.4 CompoundThe PE plastic extrusion compound shallmeet the requirements of either Grade P23, Class B or C;Grade P24, Class B or C; Grade P33, Class B or C; or GradeP34, Class B or C, material as described in SpecificationD 1248.5.4.1 Class B compounds shall have sufficient UV stabili
27、zerto protect pipe from deleterious affects due to continuousoutdoor exposure during storage and shipping. Pipe producedfrom Class B compounds are not suitable for exposed outdoorapplication. Class B and C compounds shall have sufficientantioxidants to meet requirements in Specification D 3350.NOTE
28、3Pipe users should consult with the pipe manufacturer aboutthe outdoor exposure life of the product under consideration.5.5 Rework MaterialThe manufacturers shall use onlytheir own clean rework pipe material and the pipe producedshall meet all the requirements of this specification.6. Requirements6.
29、1 WorkmanshipThe tubing shall be homogeneousthroughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclu-sions, or other defects. The tubing shall be as uniform ascommercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and otherphysical properties.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:6.2.1 Outside DiametersT
30、he outside diameters and toler-ances shall be as shown in Table 1 when measured inaccordance with 7.4 and 7.4.1. Out-of-roundness (deviations ofmaximum and minimum outside diameters from the averageoutside diameter) shall be 60.015 in. (60.38 mm) as extruded.Coilings increase the out-of-roundness to
31、 some degree, de-pending on the coiling method and coil dimensions.7ISO R 161-1960, Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids(Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressures) Part 1, Metric Series.TABLE 1 Outside Diameters and Tolerances for PE PlasticTubingNominalTubingSize, in.OutsideDiamete
32、r, in.ToleranceFor Aver-age, in.For Max and Min(out-of-round-ness),Ain.12 0.625 60.004 60.01558 0.750 60.004 60.01534 0.875 60.004 60.0151 1.125 60.005 60.015114 1.375 60.005 60.015112 1.625 60.006 60.0152 2.125 60.006 60.015AThe maximum and minimum (out-of-roundness) tolerances apply only totubing
33、as extruded.D 2737 0326.2.2 Wall ThicknessesThe wall thicknesses and toler-ances shall be as shown in Table 2 when measured inaccordance with 7.4 and 7.4.2.6.2.3 Wall Thickness RangeThe wall thickness range shallbe within 12 % when measured in accordance with 7.4 and7.4.3.6.2.4 Thickness of Outer La
34、yerFor tubing produced bysimultaneous multiple extrusion, that is, tubing containing twoor more concentric layers, the outer layer shall be at least 0.5mm (0.020 in.) thick.6.3 BondFor tubing produced by simultaneous multipleextrusion, the bond between the layers shall be strong anduniform. It shall
35、 not be possible to separate any two layers witha probe or point of a knife blade so that the layers separatecleanly at any point.6.4 Carbon BlackClass C polyethylene tubing extrusioncompound shall contain at least 2 % carbon black when testedin accordance with 7.5. For tubing produced by simultaneo
36、usextrusion, this requirement shall apply only to the outer layer.NOTE 4The amount of pigment in Class B polyethylene is notestablished by this specification other than the compound shall meet allother requirements and the tubing shall meet all long- and short-termrequirements of this specification.
37、NOTE 5There is evidence that indicates that type, particle size, anddispersion quality of the carbon black affects the long-term stability andweatherability of the tubing. The problem is being investigated and whenreliable test methods are developed, requirements for long-term stabilityand weatherab
38、ility, or other suitable requirements to cover this property,will be included in a revision of this specification.6.5 DensityWhen determined in accordance with 7.6, thepolyethylene base resin (uncolored PE) in the tubing com-pound shall have a density in the range from 0.926 to 0.940Mg/m3for tubing
39、made from Grade P23 and Grade P24; 0.941to 0.965 Mg/m3for tubing made from Grade P33; and 0.941to 0.965 Mg/m3for tubing made from Grade P34 of Specifica-tion D 1248.6.6 Burst PressureThe minimum burst pressure for PEplastic tubing shall be as given in Table 3, when determined inaccordance with 7.9.6
40、.7 Environmental Stress Cracking There shall be no lossof pressure in the tubing when tested in accordance with 7.10.6.8 Sustained PressurePipe made from PE materials des-ignated PE2406, PE3406 or PE3408 shall meet the requirementof 6.8.1. Pipe made from other PE materials shall meet therequirements
41、 of 6.8.2 and 6.8.3.6.8.1 The average failure time and the failure time of two ofthe three specimens shall meet or exceed the minimum valuesshown in Table 4, when tested in accordance with 7.11.1.6.8.2 Sustained PressureThe tubing shall not fail, bal-loon, burst, or weep as defined in Test Method D
42、1598,atthetest pressures given in Table 5, when tested in accordance with7.8.6.8.3 Elevated Temperature Sustained PressureThe aver-age failure time must meet or exceed the specified minimumaverage failure time in Table 6 for both hoop stresses of a giventubing test category when tested in accordance
43、 with 7.11.7. Test Methods7.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens at 73 63.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not lessthan 40 h prior to the test in accordance with Procedure A ofPractice D 618, for those tests where conditioning is required.In cases of disagreement the tolerances
44、shall be 61C(61.8F) and 62 % relative humidity.7.2 Test ConditionsConduct tests in the standard labora-tory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5%relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-ods or in this specification. In cases of disagreement thetolerances shall be 61.8
45、F (61C) and 62 % relative humid-ity.7.3 SamplingThe selection of the sample or samples oftubing shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. Incase of no prior agreement, any sample selected by the testinglaboratory shall be deemed adequate.7.3.1 Test SpecimensNot less than 50 % of the test
46、speci-mens required for any pressure test shall have at least a part ofTABLE 2 Wall Thickness and Tolerances for PE Plastic TubingWall Thickness, in.ANominal Tubing Size,in.PE2305 SDR 7.3 PE2306, PE2406,PE3306 PE3406,PE3408 SDR 9 PE3408 SDR 11Minimum Tolerance Minimum Tolerance Minimum Tolerance12 0
47、.086 +0.010 0.069 +0.010 0.062 +0.01058 0.103 +0.010 0.083 +0.010 0.068 +0.01034 0.120 +0.012 0.097 +0.010 0.080 +0.0101 0.154 +0.015 0.125 +0.012 0.102 +0.010114 0.188 +0.019 0.153 +0.015 0.125 +0.012112 0.233 +0.022 0.181 +0.018 0.148 +0.0152 0.291 +0.029 0.236 +0.024 0.193 +0.019AThe minimum is t
48、he lowest wall thickness of the tubing at any cross section. The maximum permitted wall thickness, at any cross section, is the minimum wall thicknessplus the stated tolerance. All tolerances are on the plus side of the minimum requirement.TABLE 3 Burst Pressure Requirements for Water at 23C(73.4F)
49、for PE Plastic TubingNominal TubingSize, in.Minimum Burst PressuresAPE2305, PE2306, PE2406, PE3306,PE3406, PE3408SDR 7.3 and 9 630 psi (4.34 MPa)SDR 11 504 psi (3.47 MPa)AThe fiber stresses used to derive these test pressures are as follows:PE2305 2000 psi (13.8 MPa)PE2306, PE2406, PE3306,PE3406,PE34082520 psi (17.4 MPa)D 2737 033the marking in their central sections. The central section is thatportion of pipe which is at least one pipe diameter away froman end closure.7.4 Dimensions and TolerancesUse any length of tubingto d
