1、Designation: D3032 16Standard Test Methods forHookup Wire Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3032; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indi
2、cates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing hookupwire.1.2 For the purp
3、oses of these test methods, hookup wireinsulation includes all components of the insulation systemused on single insulated conductors or an assembly of singleinsulated conductors such as a cable bundle and harness or flatribbon cable. The insulating materials include not only theprimary insulation o
4、ver the conductor, but also insulatingjackets over shielded constructions.1.3 The test procedures and their locations are as follows:SectionAxial Stability (Longitudinal Change) After Thermal Exposure 21Bondability of Insulation to Potting Compounds 19Capacitance 9 to 12Cold Bend Test 26Concentricit
5、y 16Crush Resistance 20Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 5Dimensions 15Dry-Arc Tracking 29Dynamic Cut-Through 22Fluid Immersion 23High Temperature Shock 24Insulation-Continuity Proof Tests 13Insulation Resistance 6Partial Discharge (Corona) Inception and Extinction Voltage 25Relative Thermal Life and Tem
6、perature Index 14Strip Force 27Surface Resistance 7Tensile Properties 17Vertical Flame Test 18Voltage Rating of Hook-Up Wire A2Voltage Withstand Test 8Wet Arc-Tracking 281.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to in
7、ch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices
8、and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecaution statements, see 12.2.1, 12.4.1.8, 18.1.3, Note 17,and 25.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulatin
9、g Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permit-tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lation (Metr
10、ic) D0374_D0374MD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD1711 Terminology Relating t
11、o Electrical InsulationD1868 Test Method for Detection and Measurement ofPartial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insu-lation SystemsD2303 Test Methods for Liquid-Contaminant, Inclined-Plane Tracking and Erosion of Insulating MaterialsD2307 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Film-Insulat
12、ed Round Magnet WireD2865 Practice for Calibration of Standards and Equipmentfor Electrical Insulating Materials TestingD3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from ProductsD3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of SolidElectrical Insulating Materials1These test meth
13、ods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.07 on Electrical Insulating Materials.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous e
14、dition approved in 2010 as D3032 10. DOI:10.1520/D3032-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Cop
15、yright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D3638 Test Method for Comparative Tracking Index ofElectrical Insulating MaterialsD5032 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidityby Means of Aqueous Glycerin SolutionsD5374 Test M
16、ethods for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ov-ens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ov-ens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationD6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Mate-rials for Testing (Withdrawn 2012)3E29 Practice for Usin
17、g Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 IEEE Standards:4Standard 98 Guide for the Preparation of Test Proceduresfor the Thermal Evaluation of Electrical Insulating
18、 Mate-rialsStandard 101 Statistical Analysis of Thermal Life Test Data2.3 Federal Standard:Federal Specification for Tape, Gummed; Paper, Reinforcedand Plain, for Sealing and Securing (PPP-T-45C)53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:For definitions of terms used in these testmethods, refer to Terminology D
19、1711.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 capacitance unbalance (of a pair in a shielded cable),nthe ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the difference incapacitance between each of two insulated conductors and theshield, to the capacitance between that conductor pair.3.2.1.1 Di
20、scussionCapacitance unbalance is also calledcoefficient of asymmetry or capacitance asymmetry, and isexpressed in percent unbalance.3.2.2 cold bend testa test in which a specimen is slowlywrapped around a mandrel of a specified diameter afterconditioning at a specified low temperature to determine t
21、hatthe primary insulation, primary jacket, overall jacket and anyother layer of the wire or cable specimen maintains sufficientflexibility to withstand such bending at that low temperaturewithout evidence of cracking.3.2.3 relative thermal endurancethe comparison of thethermal endurance (as describe
22、d by their Arrhenius plots) oftwo or more insulated wires designed for the same specific use;this usually implies the same size of conductor, but theinsulation is of the thickness required for the particular use ofeach insulation.3.2.4 strip forceforce required to remove a specifiedlength of insulat
23、ion from an insulated wire specimen asdetermined by a specified test procedure.3.2.5 surface resistance, nsee Terminology D1711.3.2.5.1 DiscussionFor a fixed electrode separation, themeasured surface resistance of a given hookup wire decreasesas the diameter increases.3.2.6 temperature index, nsee T
24、erminology D1711.3.2.6.1 DiscussionFor hookup wire, the symbol TI is usedfor temperature index and the preferred use of the TI symbolimplies a time of 20 000 h obtained by analysis of aging datain which extrapolation is limited to no more than 25C belowthe lowest aging temperature (See also Section
25、14).3.2.7 thermal end point time, nthe time necessary for aspecific property of a material, or a simple combination ofmaterials, to degrade to a defined end point when aged at aspecified temperature.3.2.8 thermal end point curve, na graphical representationof a thermal end point at a specified aging
26、 temperature in whichthe value of a property of a material, or a simple combinationof materials, is measured at room temperature and the valuesplotted as a function of time.3.2.9 thermal endurance, nsee Terminology D1711.3.2.9.1 DiscussionThe stability of hookup wire insulationis estimated from chan
27、ges in the results of voltage withstandtests on hookup wire specimens that have been heat aged,cooled to room temperature, flexed over a mandrel, immersedin salt water, and subjected to a specific applied voltage.3.2.10 voltage withstand (proof-voltage)testthe applica-tion of a specified voltage for
28、 a specified time to a specifiedconfiguration of the insulation. Results are expressed as “pass”or “fail.”4. Sampling4.1 Refer to the material specification for sampling plancovering specific types of hookup wire insulations.4.2 Use Practice D3636 as a guide if the material specifi-cation does not i
29、nclude a sampling plan.5. Dielectric Breakdown Voltage5.1 Significance and Use:5.1.1 A detailed statement of significance is given in Ap-pendix X1 of Test Method D149.5.2 Apparatus:5.2.1 Use the electrical apparatus described in Test MethodD149 for this test.5.3 Test Specimens:5.3.1 The test specime
30、n shall consist of insulated wire 610mm (24 in.) in length, or of the length required for theenvironmental exposure. Remove the insulation for a distanceof 25 mm (1 in.) at each end and twist the ends together.5.4 Procedure:5.4.1 Immerse the test specimen to within 152 mm (6 in.) ofthe twisted ends
31、in the water bath containing 5 % sodiumchloride (NaCl) and 0.05 to 0.10 % wetting agent.65.4.2 Use the water solution as the ground electrode, andapply the voltage to the twisted end of the conductor.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from
32、the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345 E.47th St., New York, NY 10017.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.6Triton X-100 manufactured by Rohm itmust be provided with an earth groun
33、ded metal screen orequivalent guards to provide protection for the operatingpersonnel. Broken chains must be promptly replaced as re-quired.13.3.2 Power SupplyUse any impulse generator thatmeets the requirements of Section 13.13.3.2.1 Test ImpulseThe waveform of the voltage appliedto the electrode h
34、ead shall consist of a negative pulse, the peakmagnitude of which shall be specified for the wire under test,followed by a damped oscillation. The peak impulse voltageshall be stipulated in the applicable material specification. Therise time of the negative impulse wave from zero magnitude to90 % of
35、 the specified peak voltage shall be not more than 75 s.The peak value of the first positive overshoot and of thesubsequent damped oscillations shall be smaller than the initialnegative pulse. The time during which the absolute magnitudeof each voltage pulse and accompanying damped oscillation(posit
36、ive and negative) remains at a value of 80 % or greater ofthe specified peak voltage shall be 20 to 100 s. The pulserepetition rate shall be 200 to 250 pulses/s. Except for the finalpeak voltage adjustment (13.6) conformity with these impulsetest parameters shall be determined with no capacitive loa
37、dimpressed on the electrode.13.3.2.2 Capacitive ToleranceThe tolerance of the equip-ment to change in capacitive load shall be such that the peakoutput voltage shall be reduced by not more than 12 % in theevent of an increase of the capacitive load, between electrodeand ground, from an initial load
38、of 4.9 to 9.8 pF/cm (12.5 to 25pF/in.) of electrode length.13.3.2.3 Instrument VoltmeterA peak-reading voltmetershall be provided, indicating continuously the potential of theelectrode. The voltmeter shall have a minimum accuracy of63 % at the specified impulse potential, after calibration asspecifi
39、ed in 13.4.13.3.2.4 Failure Detection CircuitThere shall be a failuredetection circuit to give a visual or audible indication, or both,of insulation failure. In addition, de-energize the electrode headand stop the drive mechanism. The detection circuit shall besufficiently sensitive to indicate a fa
40、ult at 75 % of the specifiedtest voltage when the electrode is arced to ground through a20-k resistor and shall be capable of detecting a fault thatlasts for the duration of only one impulse.13.4 CalibrationCalibrate the instrument voltmeter peri-odically (see Practice D2865) by comparison with an e
41、xternalstandard voltmeter having an accuracy of 62 % of the readingand capable of detecting the peak potential at the electrodehead, with or without auxiliary circuitry. In performing thecalibration, connect the standard voltmeter to the electrodehead directly or through a calibrated attenuator circ
42、uit. Adjustthe impulse generator until the reading on the standard volt-meter is the specified potential, at which point the reading onthe instrument voltmeter shall be observed and recorded.Repeat this calibration for each peak potential at which it isintended to operate the equipment. An alternati
43、ve procedure isby means of a calibrated oscilloscope connected to the elec-trode through a suitable attenuator. The peak magnitude of thenegative impulse can then be read directly from the waveformdisplay. Conformance to the other waveform parameters speci-fied in 13.3.2.1 shall be verified from the
44、 oscilloscope.13.5 Test SpecimensThe test specimens consist of con-tinuous lengths of hookup wire.13.6 ProcedureThread the wire through the electrode andground the conductor at one, or preferably both, ends. Energizethe electrode to the specified peak potential and, after finaladjustment of the volt
45、age with the wire in the electrode head,pass the wire from the pay-off spool through the electrode ontothe take-up spool. The speed of passage of the wire through theelectrode shall be such that, after start-up, the wire is subjectedto not less than 3 nor more than 100 pulses at any given point.Cut
46、out, or mark for later removal, all sections of wire thatcause the detector to trip, along with at least 50 mm (2 in.) ofwire on each side of the failure. Locate the point of failure bypassing the wire back through the head. If the detector does nottrip again it can be assumed that the indication wa
47、s false. Makeevery effort to test the entire length, including ends of the wirewhen stringing up new lengths, in accordance with thisprocedure. Remove all ends or other portions of the wire not sotested. When testing wire in process, or when specified incontract or order, dielectric failures, untest
48、ed portions of wire,or portions that have been exposed to fewer or more than thespecified number of pulses are marked by stripping theinsulation or by any other suitable method of marking asspecified in the contract in lieu of being cut out of the wire.9The Clinton Instrument Co. manufactures the Mo
49、del TT-25 Impulse TestCalibration Set for performing the single-shot test as well as for checkingcompliance with the requirements for capacitance tolerance and failure sensitivity.D3032 16913.7 ReportIf required in sales to customers the producershall certify that 100 % of wire supplied has been tested inaccordance with Section 13 of these test methods.13.8 Apparatus, Method B3000-Hz Sinusoidal-VoltageMethod:13.8.1 ElectrodeThe electrode consists of a bead chainconstruction that will give intimate metallic contact with thewire insulation surface. The c
