1、Designation: D 3069 94 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forDelivery Rate of Aerosol Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3069; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of deli
3、veryrate of aerosol products.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations
4、 prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-ments3. Terminology3.1 General definitions for packaging and distribution envi-ronments are found in Terminology D 996.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The delivery rate of an aerosol dispens
5、er is determinedby measuring the quantity of material expelled through thevalve in a given time. The exact duration of discharge and thetemperature of the dispenser must be carefully controlled forgood reproducibility.4.2 Biological and clinical tests are often made with one ortwo dispensers selecte
6、d from a group that is similar in allrespects, with the exception of delivery rate. When it isdesirable to select dispensers with equal delivery rates, threetests should be performed on each dispenser.4.3 In the case of storage tests, a single delivery rate test isnormally performed at each examinat
7、ion period to conserve thecontents and extend the life of the dispenser.5. Significance and Use5.1 Delivery rate tests assist in evaluating one aspect ofvalve performance, and are considered as a prerequisite to bothbiological and storage testing.6. Apparatus6.1 Water Bath, maintained at 70 6 0.5F (
8、21 6 0.25C)(80 6 0.5F (26 6 0.25C) for insecticides), to matchPeet-Grady test requirements, with a screen or perforated metalshelf 1 in. (25 mm) above the bottom of the bath.6.2 Stirrer, air or electric.6.3 Balance, 0.1-g scale.6.4 Stop Watch or Electric Timer.7. Sampling7.1 Normal production or lab
9、oratory samples shall be usedfor this test.8. Test Specimen8.1 Remove the protective cover, paper label, and all otherdetachable materials from the dispenser, with the exception ofthe button or actuator.8.2 If a foam spout is used, remove the spout, cut away allnonessential plastic, and then replace
10、 the spout.9. Procedure9.1 Activate the valve for a few seconds, then remove anyvalve cup impingements, and weigh the dispenser to thenearest 0.05 g.9.2 Place the dispenser on the shelf in the water bath, whichis maintained at the test temperature of 70 6 0.1F (21 60.05C). Keep the dispenser in an u
11、pright position, spaced 1 in.(25 mm) apart, and covered with 1 in. of water.NOTE 1Approximately 0.03 % sodium nitrite (NaNO2) may be addedto the water bath to prevent the minor rusting of some tinplate dispensers.9.3 Circulate the water with the mechanical stirrer. Hold for15 min in the case of esse
12、ntially anhydrous products, and for25 to 30 min for viscous or water-base products.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.33 on MechanicalDispensers. Originally developed by the Chemical Specialties Manufactu
13、rers Assn.Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 3069 94 (1999)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book o
14、f ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 2In the case of thixotropic, rheopectic, and certain otheremulsion types, the de
15、gree of agitation will have a considerable effectupon delivery rates.9.4 Remove the dispenser, and actuate the valve for a giventime (preferably 10 s), preferably into an exhaust hood.NOTE 3Generally, the product should be shaken before any actuation,and reference should be made to any label instruc
16、tion.9.5 Dry the dispenser with a clean cloth, and use a blast ofcompressed air to remove moisture from the mounting cup anddispenser seams, in the case of metal containers.9.6 Reweigh the dispenser, and compute the mass differ-ence.9.7 If duplicate tests are made, repeat 9.1-9.6.10. Calculation10.1
17、 Calculate the delivery rate in grams per second asfollows:D 5 M/10 (1)where:D = delivery rate, g/s, andM = mass loss, g.11. Report11.1 The report shall include the following:11.1.1 Product being tested, and11.1.2 Results of each test reported as delivery rate in gramsper second.12. Precision and Bi
18、as12.1 PrecisionThis test method is being reviewed fordevelopment of a precision statement based upon intralabora-tory test data. Volunteers from various CSMA Aerosol Divi-sion, Test and Standard Methods subcommittee membershipwill provide the precision statement based upon their within-laboratory d
19、ata.12.2 The reproducibility of results of this method is ap-proximately 61 %. The precision is approximately 62%.12.3 Any air trapped in the product and outage space maybe expected to have an elevating effect upon delivery rates. Theeffect decreases as the can is emptied. The rate of decrease ismuc
20、h more rapid for dispensers with vapor-tap valves. Evenwithout air, minor distillation effects will occur within thedispenser as it is used up, and these will have a smalldepressing effect upon delivery rates.12.4 The variation in valve orifice diameters may be as highas 610 %. Because of this, deli
21、very rates may vary as much as615 % from dispenser to dispenser.12.5 The delivery rate of freshly prepared aerosols will notusually be the same as that after aging. This is due to gasketswelling, changes in elastomer hardness, and other factors.13. Keywords13.1 aerosol; delivery rate; packageASTM In
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25、tandards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 3069 94 (2005)2
