1、Designation: D 3115 95 (Reapproved 2005)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forExplosive Reactivity of Lubricants with Aerospace AlloysUnder High Shear1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforig
2、inal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is used to evaluate for explosivereactivity o
3、f various lubricants in the presence of aerospacealloys under high shear conditions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. In cases where materials, products, or equipment areavailable in inch-pound units only, SI units are omitted.1.3 This standard should be used to me
4、asure and describethe response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat andflame under controlled conditions and should not be used todescribe or appraise the fire-hazard or fire-risk of materials,products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However,results of the test may be used as e
5、lements of a fire-hazardassessment or a fire-risk assessment which takes into accountall of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the firehazard or fire risk of a particular end use.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use
6、. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateB 221 Spec
7、ification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyExtruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes2.2 ANSI Standard:B 46.1 Surface Texture33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 explosive reactivity, noccurrence of sparks, smoke,or explosive (audible) sounds during this test.3.1
8、.2 lubricants, nliquid materials used as lubricants orcutting fluids in the presence of aerospace alloys.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A shaped dowel pin made of the test material is rotatedat 1760 rpm under a pressure of 689 MPa (1000 psi) for 1 minin a shaped hole (drilled into a block of the test
9、material)containing the test lubricant. Observation for indications ofreaction is made.5. Significance and Use5.1 Explosive reactivity has resulted when parts made fromsome light alloys, typically high in aluminum and magnesium,are loaded under shear conditions while in contact with certainlubricant
10、s.Atypical example is a threaded part, lubricated witha chlorofluorocarbon grease, pulled up normally tight.6. Apparatus6.1 Fluted Ball-End End Mills,4two, 12.7 6 0.025 mm(0.500 6 0.001 in.) in diameter with a 6.35 6 0.025-mm(0.2506 0.001-in.) radius tip, finished to 0.203 to 0.406 m (8to 16 in.) rm
11、s.6.2 Drill Press, capable of rotating at 1760 rpm under a6.89-MPa (1000-psi) load.6.3 Drill Chuck, capacity 12.7-mm (12-in.) end mill.6.4 Loading Device, capable of putting a pressure of 6.89MPa (1000 psi) on the dowel test pin.6.5 Force Gage, 1112 N (250-lbf) force.56.6 Drill Press Vise, capable o
12、f holding the test block inposition.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.11 on Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids and Solids. ASTMCommittee F07 on Aerospace and Aircraft
13、maintains a continued interest in this testmethod and will make use of it in the future.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 311595(2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.as
14、tm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.4Carbide tipped
15、ball-end end mills are available and may be used when workingwith metals harder than aluminum.5The sole source of supply of the gage known to the committee at this time isAMETEK, Inc., Testing Equipment Div., Box 288, Lansdale, PA 19446. If you areaware of alternative suppliers, please provide this
16、information to ASTM Interna-tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.7 Surface Te
17、xture Standards, conforming to AmericanNational Standard for Surface Texture (ANSI B 46.1).6.8 Transparent Safety Shield.6.9 Thermocouple and Potentiometer, optional, for measur-ing hole-bottom temperature.6.10 Desiccator, maintained at 50 6 5 % relative humidity.Water saturated with Ca(NO3)24H2O at
18、 294 K (70F) issatisfactory.7. Materials7.1 Blocks, of the appropriate alloy, 25.4 mm (1 in.) thick by38 mm (1.5 in.) wide by 165 mm (6.5 in.) long. Unlessotherwise specified, use metal conforming to SpecificationB 209, Grade 2024-T4.7.2 Dowel Pins, of the appropriate alloy, 6.35 6 0.025 mm(0.250 6
19、0.001 in.) in diameter by 76 6 2.5 mm (3.0 6 0.1 in.)long and the end having a hemispherical surface with a 6.35 60.025 mm (0.250 6 0.01-in.) radius and an 0.203 to 0.406 m(8 to 16-in.) finish. Unless otherwise specified, use metalconforming to Specification B 221, Grade 2024-T4.NOTE 1Both ends of e
20、ach dowel pin may be so prepared and eachconsidered a new test pin under 9.8 provided that the dimensions aremaintained as required.7.3 Acetone, reagent grade.67.4 Test Lubricant, sufficient for at least one test series (thatis, 6 mL).8. Test Specimen8.1 Prepare the block, as shown in Fig. 1, by dri
21、lling sixholes with the 12.7 mm (0.500-in.) ball-end end mill to a depthof 12.7 mm 6 0.254 mm (0.500 6 0.100 in.) measured to thetip of the hole. The hole centers shall not be less than 12.7 mm(0.500 in.) from the edge of the block or another hole. The ballend mill will create the correct surface fi
22、nish in the hole whendriven at 500 to 600 rpm with no lubricant.8.1.1 If it is desired to determine the temperature attainedduring the test, a thermowell shall be cross-drilled to a pointdirectly under the hole tip 60.127 mm (60.005 in.) with ametal thickness between holes of 0.127 6 0.025 mm (0.005
23、 60.001 in.), using a No. 80 0.343 mm (0.135 in.) drill. Abare-tipped thermocouple made from iron and constantan wiresofNo.40B that is, 295 to 301 K (72to 82F).9.6 Lower the dowel pin to the bottom of the hole.9.7 Apply the load to the dowel pin.9.8 Position the safety shield.9.9 Start the motor on
24、the drill press and run the test underload for 60 6 5 s, or until reaction is evident, and stop whilestill loaded.9.10 During the test period, observe the hole for sparks,smoke, and explosive (audible) sounds.9.11 After terminating the run, release the load and examinethe residue for changes in appe
25、arance. Record the results.9.12 Repeat 9.5-9.8 to a total of six runs, using a new holeand dowel-end for each test.10. Report10.1 Report the materials used for the dowel pin and blockand the identification of the lubricant being tested.10.2 Report the number and type of reactions for each run ofthe
26、series. Table 1 illustrates a typical report.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method as deter-mined by the statistical examination of interlaboratory testresults involving five laboratories and nine samples is asfollows:11.1.1 RepeatabilityDuplicate results obtained by
27、thesame operator with the same apparatus under constant operat-ing conditions on identical test material would, in the long run,in the normal and correct operation of the test method exceedmore than one reaction per set of six runs only in one case intwenty.11.1.2 ReproducibilityThe difference betwe
28、en indepen-dent results obtained by different operators working in differentlaboratories on identical test material would, in the long run,exceed a difference of 108 % of the mean number of reactionsonly in one case in twenty.11.2 BiasNo statement is made about the bias of this testmethod since the
29、results cannot be compared to any form of astandard value.12. Keywords12.1 aerospace alloys; explosive reactivity; lubricants; reac-tivity; shearASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of
30、this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five
31、years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical com
32、mittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
33、9428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Typical ReportSample No. Dat
34、e X/Y/69 Dowel 2024-T4 Block 2024-T4 Lubricant Grease XYZ (Lot No.) Received X/Z/69Run Sparks Bangs Smoke Residue Reaction Time, s Remarks1 3 1 black darkened 192 0 0 white unchanged no reaction3 1 1 (weak) gray darkened 504 5 0 gray slightly dark 605 2 2 (weak-1) black darkened 306 1 1 black darkened 20D 3115 95 (2005)3
