1、Designation: D3201 08a1D3201/D3201M 13Standard Test Method forHygroscopic Properties of Fire-Retardant Wood and Wood-Based Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3201;D3201/D3201M; the number immediately following the designation indicatesthe year of original adoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTENote 2 was editorially added in October 2009.1. Scope1.1 This test method prescribes the pr
3、ocedure for determining the hygroscopicity of fire retardant treated wood products bydetermining the moisture content of fire-retardant-treated wood and wood-based product samplesspecimens after exposure to astandard high relative humidity test condition of 92 6 2 % at 27 6 2C (81 6 4F).relative hum
4、idity at 81 6 4F 27 6 2C.1.2 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-p
5、ound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The inch-pound valuesgiven in parentheses are for information only and are not considered stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two system
6、s may result in non-conformance withthe standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of reg
7、ulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based ProductsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE2768 Test Method for Extended Duration Surface Burning Charact
8、eristics of Building Materials (30 min Tunnel Test)3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions used in this practice are in accordance with Terminologies D9 and E176.4. Significance and Use4.1 The hygroscopic properties of wood and wood-based products treated with fire-retardant chemicals are often gre
9、ater thanfor untreated products. This is particularly true at the higher relative humidity conditions. This higher hygroscopicity sometimesis the cause for staining, decay, poor paint adhesion, and migration and exuding of chemicals and moisture at the high humidities.Corrosion of metal fasteners so
10、metimes also occurs.4.2 The results obtained with this standard are important in identifying treatments with low hygroscopic properties.4.3 Results can be useful in determining exposure limitations in service for specific treated products.4.4 Building codes and other specifications for fire-retardan
11、t-treated wood for interior use include requirements based on thistest method.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.07 on Fire Performance of Wood.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008June 15, 2013. Published D
12、ecember 2008July 2013. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2008 asD3201 08.D3201 081. DOI: 10.1520/D3201-08AE01.10.1520/D3201-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
13、 Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically pos
14、sible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W
15、est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Apparatus5.1 Conditioning chamber with air circulation and capable of being maintained at 2781 6 2C (814F 27 6 4F)2C and arelative humidity of 92 6 2 %.5.2 Oven, air-circulated and vented, capable of maintaining a temperature of 103217 6 2C (2174F 10
16、3 6 4F).2C.5.3 Weighing ScaleA scale or balance that will weigh a specimen within an accuracy of 60.2 %.6. Test Specimens6.1 A minimum of five specimens shall be selected that represent the lot. Unless otherwise specified, specimens shall be fullcross sections, no less than 25.4 mm (1 in.) along the
17、 grain, but longer as needed to provide a minimum volume of 33 000 mmfromthe untreated product/species combination that is to be tested. Solid wood specimens with identifiable sapwood shall be selectedwith as much sapwood as can be readily obtained from the lot of material from3 (2 in. which3). it i
18、s selected.6.2 Specimen Size:6.2.1 Solid wood specimens shall be cross sections cut from solid sawn, surfaced lumber of nominal 26 size. The testspecimens shall be 1.0 6 0.1 in. 25 6 3 mm along the grain by 5.5 6 0.1 in. 139 6 3 mm wide by 1.5 6 0.1 in. 38 6 3 mmdeep.6.2.2 Panel product specimens sh
19、all be cut from panels with a nominal thickness between 15/32 in. 12 mm and 5/8 in. 16mm. The test specimens shall be the thickness of the panel by 5.5 6 0.1 in. 139 6 3 mm by 5.5 6 0.1 in. 139 6 3 mm.6.2.3 Products for which the specimen sizes in 6.2.1 and 6.2.2 are not applicable may be tested usi
20、ng specimens with surfacearea to volume ratios greater than 3.7 in.2:1 in.3 0.15 mm2:1 mm3 and minimum mass of 0.11 lb. 50 g.6.3 The specimens shall be penetrated by the fire-retardant chemical to be representative for the treated product.Treatment withfire-retardant chemicals shall be done in a man
21、ner representative of that for the product/species being tested.NOTE 1The use of untreated specimens as control specimens is recommended to provide verification of the high-humidity conditions used.6.3.1 The fire retardant chemical retention of the treated product shall not be less than that specifi
22、ed by the agency certifyingthe flame spread index of the treated product. The retention shall provide a flame-spread index of 25 or less when tested inaccordance with either Test Method E2768 or with Test Method E84 for 10 min with no evidence of significant progressioncombustion when the test is co
23、ntinued for an additional 20-min period and without progression of the flame front beyond a distanceof 10.5 ft. 3.2 m beyond the centerline of the burners anytime during the 30-min extended test.6.3.2 The provisions of 6.3.1 are not intended to prevent use of this test method when the fire-retardant
24、 treatments being testedare for applications other than those requiring conformance to building code requirements for “fire-retardant-treated wood” thatrequire Test Method E84 test extended to 30 min or Test Method E2768. When alternative performance criteria for the treatedproducts are applicable,
25、the test report shall include the alternative performance criteria and the treatment retention required forspecimens conforming to any alternative performance criteria.NOTE 1The use of solid wood, untreated control specimens is recommended to provide verification of the high-humidity testing conditi
26、ons.NOTE 2Southern pine sapwood is suggested as the test species because it requires higher fire-retardant chemical retentions to obtain the same flamespread rating compared to other commonly used species. Because the hygroscopicity of fire retardant treated wood correlates to the chemical retention
27、levels, southern pine is believed to represent a worst case scenario for the same chemical formulation and treating procedures. Thus, testing of otherspecies, rather than by application of southern pine test results, are considered to be indicative of that species only.7. Procedure7.1 All measuremen
28、ts of the specimen weight shall be to an accuracy of 60.2 %.7.2 The specimens shall be in moisture equilibrium with air dried in a laboratory ambient condition ofat normal indoor ambienttemperature and 30 to 65 % relative humidity or shall be exposed for at least 7 days at such a condition 14 days p
29、rior tohigh-humidity exposure. Specimens shall be separated while drying to permit unrestricted air flow to all surfaces.7.3 If the specimens will support fungal or mold growth during the high humidity exposure, then the specimens they shall besprayed with a suitable biocide just prior to the above
30、exposureair drying (see 7.2and allowed to air-dry for the seven days.).7.4 Weigh each specimen to obtain weight prior to high humidity exposure.7.5 Expose all specimens under constant humidity conditions of 92 6 2 % at 2781 6 2C (814F 27 6 4F) for 7 days. 2Cfor not less than 168 or more than 180 hou
31、rs. Specimens shall be suitably suspended so that all surfaces are exposed.NOTE 3In this test method, the samplesspecimens are not exposed for sufficient duration to obtain equilibrium moisture content. This test methodwas developed for fire-retardant-treated wood. For the purpose of identifying tre
32、atments with low hygroscopic properties, the duration of seven days 168hours (seven days) has been shown to be adequate for fire-retardant-treated wood. adequate. If the method is applied to other materials, the necessity fora longer duration of exposure needs to be investigated.7.6 If the specimens
33、 exude moisture or chemicals or both under the exposure conditions, collect any drippings and include theweight with the specimen weight.D3201/D3201M 1327.7 Weigh each specimen immediately, after its removal from the conditioning chamber to obtain the weight after high humidityexposure. Observe and
34、record the general appearance of the specimens.7.8 Dry each specimen in an oven at 103 6 2C (217 6 4F) until approximately 217 6 4F 103 6 2C until constant weightis attained, and reweigh to obtain ovendryoven-dry weight after high humidity exposure. Constant weight can be is assumed whentwo consecut
35、ive readings taken 2 h apart agreeare within 0.2 %.Avoid drying for periods longer than necessary to achieve constantweight, since thermal decomposition of chemical or wood might occur reflecting a higher than actual moisture content.8. Calculations8.1 Calculate the moisture content of each specimen
36、 prior to high-humidity exposure (ui) as follows:ui,%5mi 2modmod! 3100 (1)where:mi = weight of specimen prior to high-humidity exposure, andmod = ovendry weight of specimen after high-humidity exposure.mod = oven-dry weight of specimen after high-humidity exposure.8.2 Calculate the moisture content
37、of each specimen after high-humidity exposure (uf) as follows:uf,%5mf 2modmod! 3100 (2)where:mf = weight of the specimen after high-humidity exposure, andmod = ovendry weight of specimen after high-humidity exposure.mod = oven-dry weight of specimen after high-humidity exposure.NOTE 4These methods o
38、f determining the moisture content do not correct for anypossible volatilization of chemical during the ovendrying, whichincreases oven-drying, which would increase the calculated percent moisture content. Also, the calculation for percent moisture content is relative to thetotal specimen weight of
39、wood and chemical. The percent moisture content relative to the wood weight alone is higher and this value can be estimatedby reducing the mod value in the divisor of the above equation by the known or assumed percentageestimated weight of chemical in the treated specimen.9. Report9.1 Report the fol
40、lowing information:9.1.1 Complete identification of the fire-retardant product as to species of wood, wood product, and treatment.9.1.2 Description of sampling procedure the product, species, dimensions and number and dimensions of test specimens.9.1.3 Any deviations from the specimen dimensions spe
41、cified in 6.2.1 or 6.2.2.9.1.4 General description of humidity chamber and controls used for the test.9.1.5 When data are available for untreated specimens exposed simultaneously with the treated specimens to the high-humiditycondition, the control specimens, the report shall include the average moi
42、sture content of the untreated specimens at the end ofthe exposure.exposure and compare it to the expected equilibrium moisture.39.1.6 The average of the moisture contents for the treated specimens before high-humidity exposure, as calculated by Eq 1, shallbe reported.9.1.7 The average of the moistu
43、re contents for the treated specimens after high-humidity exposure, as calculated by Eq 2, shallbe reported.9.1.8 Report any change in the appearance of the specimen during exposure, including surface wetness, chemical exudation, orcrystals on surface.9.1.9 Description of the applicability of the sp
44、ecies/product tested; see Note 2.10. Precision and Bias10.1 There is insufficient data available to write a precision and bias statement.3 One source for this information is Table 2 on page 44 of the Wood HandbookWood as an Engineering Material, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-190, Madison,WI: U.S.
45、 Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2010. This is availiable online at www.fpl.fs.fed.us/products/publications/.D3201/D3201M 13311. Keywords11.1 fire-retardant treated wood;woods; hygroscopicity;hygroscopicities; moisture contentcontentsASTM International takes no
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47、ibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to
48、 ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the addr
49、ess shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D3201/D3201M
