1、Designation: D3299 10D3299 18 An American National StandardStandard Specification forFilament-Wound Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset ResinCorrosion-Resistant Tanks1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3299; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigina
2、l adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of
3、Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers cylindrical tanks fabricated by filament winding for above-ground vertical installation, to containaggressive chemicals at atmospheric pressure as classified herein, and made of a commercial-grade polyester or vinylester resin.Included are requirements f
4、or materials, properties, design, construction, dimensions, tolerances, workmanship, and appearance.1.2 This specification does not cover the design of vessels intended for pressure above atmospheric, atmospheric or undervacuum conditions, except as classified herein, or vessels intended for use wit
5、h liquids heated above their flash points.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 1Special design consideration should
6、 be given to vessels subject to superimposed mechanical forces, such as earthquakes, wind load, oragitation, and to vessels subject to service temperature in excess of 180F (82C), and to vessels with unsupported bottoms.NOTE 2There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.4 Special design consider
7、ation shall be given to tanks subject to environmental and/or mechanical forces such as seismic,wind, ice, agitation, or fluid dynamic forces, to operational service temperatures greater than 180F (82C) and to tanks withunsupported bottoms.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
8、 test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and de
9、termine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Developme
10、nt of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C581 Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance of Thermosetting Resins Used in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced StructuresIn
11、tended for Liquid ServiceC582 Specification for Contact-Molded Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic (RTP) Laminates for Corrosion-Resistant EquipmentD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure o
12、f Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD2150 Specification for Woven Roving Glass Fabric for Polyester-Glass Laminates (Withdrawn 1987)3D2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plas
13、tics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Plastic PipingSystems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved April 1, 2010Aug. 1, 2018. Published May 2010August 2018. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20082010 asD3299 08.D3299 10. DOI:
14、 10.1520/D3299-10.10.1520/D3299-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved versio
15、n of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all chan
16、ges accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Bar
17、r Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced ResinsD2996 Specification for Filament-Wound “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) PipeD2997 Specification for Centrifugally Cast “Fiberglass” (Gla
18、ss-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) PipeD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4024 Specification for Machine Made “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) FlangesD5421 Specification for Contact Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) FlangesF
19、412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 ANSI Standards:B 16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Class 25, 125, 250, and 80043. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Terminologies D883 and F412, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 filament-woundas applied to tan
20、ks, a process in which the principal circumferential load-bearing reinforcement is appliedby continuous filament winding.3.3 contact moldinga molding process that includes “hand lay-up,” “spray-up,” or a combination of these manufacturingprocesses.4. Classification4.1 Tanks meeting this specificatio
21、n are classified according to type as follows, and it is the responsibility of the purchaser tospecify the requirement for Type II tanks, the operating pressure or vacuum levels, and the safety factor required for externalpressure. Absence of a designation of type required shall imply that Type I is
22、 adequate.4.1.1 Type IAtmospheric pressure tanks vented directly to the atmosphere, designed for pressure no greater or lower thanatmospheric.4.1.2 Type IIAtmospheric pressure tanks vented directly into a fume conservation system, and designed to withstand thespecified positive and negative pressure
23、 not to exceed 14 in. (355.6 mm) of water when all tie-down lugs are properly secured,in accordance with the fabricators recommendations for flat-bottom tanks.4.2 Tanks meeting this specification are classified according to grade as follows:4.2.1 Grade 1Tanks manufactured with a single generic type
24、of thermoset resin throughout.4.2.2 Grade 2Tanks manufactured with different generic types of thermoset resin in the barrier and the structural portion.NOTE 2The external corrosive environment due to spillage or corrosive vapors should be considered when specifying Grade 2 tanks (see 7.1.3.3).5. Mat
25、erials and Manufacture5.1 ResinThe resin used shall be a commercial-grade, corrosion-resistant thermoset that has either been evaluated in alaminate by test in accordance with 11.3 or that has been determined by previous documented service to be acceptable for theservice conditions. Where service co
26、nditions have not been evaluated, a suitable resin also may be selected by agreement betweenfabricator and purchaser.5.1.1 The resin shall contain no pigment, dyes, colorants, or filler, except as follows:5.1.1.1 A thixotropic agent that does not interfere with visual inspection of laminate quality,
27、 or with the required corrosionresistance of the laminate, may be added for viscosity control.NOTE 3The addition of a thixotropic agent may reduce the resistance of many resin systems to certain corrosive chemical environments. It is theresponsibility of the fabricator, using a thixotropic agent in
28、the resin required for 7.1.1 and 7.1.2, to ascertain its compatibility with the corrosiveenvironment when this has been reported to him by the purchaser.5.1.1.2 Resin pastes used to fill crevices before overlay shall not be subject to the limitations of 5.1.1.5.1.1.3 Resin may contain pigment, dyes,
29、 or colorants when agreed upon between fabricator and purchaser.NOTE 4The addition of pigment, dyes, or colorants may interfere with visual inspection of laminate quality.5.1.1.4 Ultraviolet absorbers may be added to the exterior surface for improved weather resistance, if agreed upon betweenfabrica
30、tor and purchaser.5.1.1.5 Antimony compounds or other fire-retardant agents may be added to halogenated resins for improved fire resistance, ifagreed upon between fabricator and purchaser.NOTE 5Because the addition of fire-retardant agents may interfere with visual inspection of laminate quality, th
31、ey should not be used in the innersurface (7.1.1) or interior layer (7.1.2) unless their functional advantages would outweigh the loss of visual inspection.5.2 Reinforcement:4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.o
32、rg.D3299 1825.2.1 Chopped-Strand MatChopped-strand mat shall be constructed from chopped commercial-grade E-type glass strandsbonded together using a binder. The strands should be treated with a sizing that is chemically compatible with the resin systemused.NOTE 6The selection of the particular chop
33、ped-strand mat is dependent upon the performance characteristics required of the finished product andupon the processing techniques to be used.5.2.2 Continuous RovingContinuous roving shall be a commercial-grade of E-type glass fiber with a sizing that is chemicallycompatible with the resin system u
34、sed.5.2.3 Nonwoven Biaxial or Unidirectional FabricThese products shall be a commercial Grade of E-type glass fiber with asizing that is chemically compatible with the resin system used.5.2.4 Woven RovingWoven roving shall be in accordance with Specification D2150.5.2.5 Surface MatThe reinforcement
35、used for the inner surface (7.1.1) shall be either a commercial-grade chemical resistantglass surface mat or an organic-fiber surface mat. In environments that attack glass, the use of an organic-fiber surface mat isrequired.6. Design Requirements6.1 Filament-Wound LaminatesDesign for Internal Press
36、ureThe maximum allowable stress of the total laminate (that is,filament winding plus the corrosion barrier, which is made up of the inner surface (7.1.1) and interior layer (7.1.2) shall be limitedby the allowable movement (strain) of the tank wall when filled with fluid.6.1.1 The allowable strain o
37、f the tank wall shall not exceed 0.0010 in./in. (mm/mm) at 70F (21C).6.1.2 Tanks shall have a longitudinal strength at least equal to that of a helically wound tank having a maximum angle of windof 80 (measured from the tank axis, that is, 90 is hoop winding). For reference, the longitudinal tensile
38、 strength of a typical 80helical winding is approximately 2200 psi (15,168 kPa).6.1.3 Hoop Design:6.1.3.1 Normal Service (Structural Corrosion Barrier)When the product to be stored in the tank causes little or no degradationto the selected resin, the minimum required wall thickness shall be in accor
39、dance with Eq 1.6.1.3.2 Severe Service (Non-Structural Corrosion Barrier)When the product to be stored in the tank may cause degradationof the resin over time and with the agreement of the purchaser, the minimum required wall thickness of the tank shall be determinedin accordance with Eq 2.tT 50.036
40、*H*D2*ET*Z(1)orStT 50.2489*H*D2*ET*ZDtT 5tCB10.036*H*D2*EFW*Z(2)orStT 5tCB10.2489*H*D2*EFW*ZDwhere:tT = total thickness, in. (mm),tCB = thickness of the corrosion barrier, in. (mm),H = fluid head, in. (mm), = specific gravity of fluid,D = inside diameter of tank, in. (mm).ET = hoop tensile modulus o
41、f the total laminate (see Appendix X3), psi (kPa),EFW = hoop tensile modulus of the filament winding only psi (kPa), andZ = allowable strain in accordance with 6.1.2.6.1.3.3 The minimum total thickness of the tank shall be 0.1875 in. (4.76 mm).NOTE 7The use of an accepted analytical technique, such
42、as laminated plate theory (LPT), for design and analysis of composite vessels may predictstresses, strains, and strength on a ply-by-ply basis, given some basic lamina properties.NOTE 8Tanks for installation outdoors shall be designed for the effect of wind loading and other environmental factors in
43、 accordance with sounddesign practice, including tank buckling analysis.NOTE 9Tanks with significant physical loadings other than fluid head (such as side-mounted equipment, violent agitation, unusually high flow rates,and unsupported bottoms) shall be given special design consideration.D3299 1836.2
44、 Design for External Pressure:6.2.1 Cylindrical ShellsFor cylindrical shell, compute the value 1.73 (Do/t)0.5. If the result is less than L/Do of the cylinder,compute Pa as follows:Pa 52.6E/F!Do/L!t/Do!2.5 (3)If the result is greater than L/Do of the cylinder, compute Pa as follows:Pa 52.6E/F!Do/L!t
45、/Do!2.5L/Do!20.45t/Do!0.5 (4)where:Do = outside diameter, in. (mm),E = lower of hoop tensile modulus or axial tensile modulus, psi (kPa),F = design factor = 5,L = design length, in., of a vessel section, taken as the largest of the following: (a) the distance between head-tangent lines plusone-third
46、 the depth of each formed head if there are no stiffening rings (excluding conical heads and sections); (b) thedistance between cone-to-cylinder junctions for vessels with a cone or conical heads if there are no stiffening rings; (c) thegreatest center-to-center distance between any two adjacent sti
47、ffening rings; (d) the distance from the center of the firststiffening ring to the formed head tangent line plus one-third the depth of the formed head (excluding conical heads andsections), all measured parallel to the axis of the vessel; (e) the distance from the first stiffening ring in the cylin
48、der to thecone-to-cylinder junction,Pa = allowable external pressure, psi (kPa), andt = wall thickness, in. (mm) (nominal).6.2.2 Torispherical HeadsFor torispherical heads, compute the allowable external pressure Pa as follows:Pa 50.36E/F!t/Ro!2 (5)where:Ro = outside crown radius of head, in. (mm).6
49、.2.2.1 For torispherical heads subject to internal loading, the knucle radius shall be externally reinforced in accordance withFig. 1. The reinforcement thickness shall be equal to the thickness of the head as calculated above. The thickness of a joint overlaynear the knucle radius tangent line of a dished head contributes to the knucle reinforcement.6.2.3 Stiffening RingsThe required moment of inertia, Is, of a circumferential stiffening ring for cylindrical shells underexternal pressure or internal vacuum shall no
