1、Designation: D3628 08D3628 15Standard Practice forSelection and Use of Emulsified Asphalts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3628; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb
2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the selection of emulsified asphalts for various paving and allied uses.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be re
3、garded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and det
4、ermine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and PavementsD977 Specification for Emulsified AsphaltD2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms
5、 used in this practice, refer to Terminology D8.3.2 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bituminous-aggregate applicationsapplications of bituminous materialemulsified asphalt to a prepared aggregate baseor pavement surface followed by the application of aggregate.3.2.2 b
6、ituminous-aggregate mixturesa combination of bituminous materialemulsified asphalt and aggregate that is physicallymixed by mechanical means, spread on the job site, and compacted.3.2.3 bituminous applicationsthe application of sprayed bituminous coatingsemulsified asphalt not involving the use ofag
7、gregates.3.1.4 crack fillerthe bituminous material used to fill and seal cracks in existing pavements.3.1.5 dense-graded aggregateaggregate that is graded from the maximum size, down to and including filler, with the objectof obtaining a bituminous mix with a controlled void content and high stabili
8、ty.3.1.6 dust bindera light application of bituminous material for the express purpose of laying and bonding loose dust.3.1.7 fog seala light spray application of asphalt to an existing pavement as a seal to inhibit raveling, or seal the surface, orboth.3.2.4 graded aggregate seal, na single surface
9、 treatment in which the aggregate is graded with little or no mineral filler,typically with a nominal maximum size of about 19 mm, and containing sufficient sand that the bituminous materialemulsifiedasphalt will be required to penetrate upward into the aggregate cover; the nominal maximum aggregate
10、 size may vary dependingon the course thickness desired and aggregate availability. It is an application method used in lieu of a chip seal to provide a lowercost road.3.2.4.1 Discussion1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct res
11、ponsibility of D04.41 on Emulsified AsphaltSpecifications.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008Dec. 1, 2015. Published January 2008January 2016. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 asD3628 06.D3628 08. DOI: 10.1520/D3628-08.10.1520/D3628-15.2 For referencedASTM st
12、andards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an
13、 ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as publis
14、hed by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1In this case, nominal maximum size refers to the definition in Terminology D8.3.1.9 maintenance mixa mixture of bituminous material
15、and mineral aggregate applied at ambient temperature for use inpatching holes, depressions, and distress areas in existing pavements, using appropriate hand or mechanical methods in placing andcompacting the mix. These mixes may be designed for immediate use or for use out of a stockpile at a later
16、date without furtherprocessing.3.1.10 mixed-in-placethe procedures by which the bituminous material and mineral aggregrate are mixed on the job site bymeans of travel plants, blade mixing, or other special road-mixing equipment.3.1.11 mulch treatmenta spray application of bituminous material used to
17、 temporarily stabilize a recently seeded area. Thebituminous material can be applied to the soil or to a straw or hay mulch as a tie-down.3.2.5 multiple surface treatmenttwo or more single surface treatments placed one on the other. The maximum aggregate sizeof each successive treatment is usually o
18、ne half that of the previous one, and the total thickness is about the same as the nominalmaximum size aggregate particles of the first course.3.1.13 open-graded aggregateaggregate containing little or no mineral filler and in which the void spaces in the compactedaggregate are relatively large.3.2.
19、6 pavement bases and surfacesthe lower or underlying pavement course atop the subbase or subgrade and the top orwearing course. Cold-laid mixtures that are bound together with liquid bitumensemulsified asphalts use either open or denseaggregate gradations.3.1.15 penetration macadampavement construct
20、ion using essentially one-size coarse aggregate which is penetrated in placeby an application of high viscosity bituminous material followed by an application of smaller one-size coarse aggregate andthoroughly rolled. Procedure may be progressively repeated to reduce surface voids as desired.3.1.16
21、plant mix (cold)a mixture of bituminous material and mineral aggregate prepared in a central mixing plant and spreadand compacted at the job site when the mixture is at or near ambient temperature.3.1.17 plant mix (hot)a mixture of bituminous material and mineral aggregate usually prepared in a conv
22、entional hot-mixplant or drum mixer at a temperature of not more than 127C and spread and compacted at the job site at a temperature above 93C.3.1.18 prime coatan application of low-viscosity bituminous material to an absorptive surface designed to penetrate, bond,and stabilize this existing surface
23、 and to promote adhesion between it and the new super-imposed construction.3.2.7 sanda mineral aggregate material consisting of particles of rock passing a 4.75-mm sieve and only about 5 % passingthe 75-m sieve.3.2.8 sand seala bituminous-sand application to an existing pavement surface to seal the
24、surface and to function as alight-wearing course.3.2.9 sandy soila material consisting essentially of fine aggregate particles smaller than 2.00-mm sieve and usually containingmaterial passing a 75-m sieve. This material usually exhibits plasticity characteristics.3.2.10 single-surface treatment (ch
25、ip seal)a wearing surface of bituminous materialemulsified asphalt and aggregate in whichthe aggregate is placed uniformly over the applied bituminous materialemulsified asphalt in a single layer, the thickness of whichapproximates the nominal maximum size of the aggregate used.3.1.23 slurry seala u
26、niform application of a mixture of emulsified asphalt, fine aggregate, mineral filler, and water to anexisting pavement. Single or multiple applications may be used.3.1.24 tack coatan application of bituminous material applied to an existing, relatively nonabsorbent surface to provide athorough bond
27、 between old and new surfacing.3.2.11 treatments and sealsa bituminous aggregate application to any type of road or pavement surface for the purpose ofproviding a wearing course, or a surface seal, or both.4. Significance and Use4.1 As indicated by Specifications D977 and D2397, emulsified asphalts
28、are classified by type (rapid medium or slow setting)and by grade within type (viscosity in the case of the rapid-setting type or characteristic of the residual asphalt in the case of themedium and slow-setting types). Selection for use of a particular type and grade is controlled by type of constru
29、ction (whether anapplication or a mix type), properties of the mineral aggregate (both grading and mineral composition), and environmentalconditions during construction. For surface treatments and seals, emulsions emulsified asphalts are formulated to set rapidly uponcontact with the mineral aggrega
30、te or pavement surface. When used in mix types, slower breaking is required to allow time formixing and laydown. If the mix aggregate is open graded without appreciable fines, a medium-setting emulsion emulsified asphaltmay be used that deposits a relatively hard asphalt. If the aggregate is dense-g
31、raded but does not contain a large amount of veryfine material (dust), a medium-setting emulsion emulsified asphalt with a soft residue may be a good choice. However, if thedense-graded aggregate contains a large amount of very fine mineral matter, a slow-setting emulsion emulsified asphalt may bere
32、quired.D3628 1524.2 The recommendations in Table 1 should be considered only as a general guide for the selection of an emulsion for use. Ifthe user is uncertain as to which to select for an intended use, the emulsion emulsified asphalt supplier should be contacted.5. Keywords5.1 emulsified asphalt;
33、 asphaltemulsionD3628 153TABLE 1 General Uses of Emulsified AsphaltNOTE 1Only those grades of emulsified asphalt in general use have been indicated herein. It is possible that under certain variations of aggregates, or climatic conditions, or both, additionalselections might be appropriate. Where th
34、e use of emulsified asphalt for applications other than those listed in the table are contemplated, the emulsion emulsified asphalt supplier should be consulted.Prior to selecting asphalt emulsion, user should check with local regulations to determine if any emulsified asphalts are prohibited.Type o
35、fConstructionASpecification D977 Specification D2397 (Cationic)RS-1B RS-2 HFRS-2 MS-1,HFMS-1 MS-2,HFMS-2 MS-2h,HFMS-2h HFMS-2s SS-1 SS-1h QS-1h CRS-1B CRS-2 CMS-2 CMS-2h CSS-1 CSS-1h CQS-1hBituminous-aggregate mixtures:For pavement bases and sur-faces:Plant mix (hot) . . . . . XC . . . . . . . . . .
36、 .Plant mix (cold)Open-graded aggregate . . . . X X . . . . . . X X . . .Dense-graded aggregate . . . . . . X X X . . . . . X X .Sand . . . . . . X X X . . . . . X X .Mixed-in-place:Open-graded aggregate . . . X X X . . . . . . X X . . .Dense-graded aggregate . . . . . . X X X . . . . . X X .Sand .
37、. . . . . X X X . . . . . X X .Sandy soil . . . . . . . X X . . . . . X X .Slurry seal . . . . . . . X X X . . . . X X XBituminous-aggregate applica-tions:Treatments and seals:Single surface treatment(ChipSeal)X X X . . . . . . . X X . . . . .Multiple surface treatment X X X . . . . . . . X X . . .
38、. .Graded Aggregate Seal . . . . . . X . . . . . . . . . .Sand seal X X X X . . X . . . X X . . . . .Penetration macadam:Large voids . X X . . . . . . . . X . . . . .Small voids X . . . . . . . . X . . . . . .Bituminous applications:Fog seal . . . XD . . . XE XE . . . . . XE XE .Fog seal . . . XD .
39、. . XD XD . . . . . XD XD .Prime coat-penetrable sur-face. . . . . . . XE XE . . . . . XE XE .Prime coat-penetrable sur-face. . . . . . . XD XD . . . . . XD XD .Tack coat . . . XD . . . XE XE . . . . . XE XE .Tack coat . . . XD . . . XD XD . . . . . XD XD .Dust binder . . . . . . . XE XE . . . . . X
40、E XE .Dust binder . . . . . . . XD XD . . . . . XD XD .Mulch treatment . . . . . . . XE XE . . . . . XE XE .Mulch treatment . . . . . . . XD XD . . . . . XD XD .Crack filler . . . . X X X X X . . . X X X X .Maintenance mix:Immediate use . . . X X X X . . . . . X X . . .Stockpile . . . . . . X . . .
41、. . . . . . .A For definitions of terms used in this table, refer to Section 33. or Terminology D8.B RS-1 and CRS-1 may be used as a tack coat in special cases where night construction or high humidity exists.C Grades of emulsion emulsified asphalt other than MS-2h may be used where experience has s
42、hown that they give satisfactory performance.D Diluted May dilute with water by the manufacturer.manufacturer or contractor per state regulation. Refer to specifying agency.E Diluted with water.D3628154ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conn
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